微波消解—原子吸收光谱法测定大蒜中镁钙锌铜锰铁的含量

用微波消解大蒜样品,用原子吸收光谱法测定大蒜中镁、钙、锌、铜、锰、铁的含量。结果表明,微波消解时间短,操作简单,消化过程节省试剂,减少环境污染。原子吸收光谱法测定大蒜中的这几种元素,方法快速简便,加标回收率为99.6%~100.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)≤0.725%,测定结果准确。在大蒜中这几种对人体健康非常有益的元素的含量都比较丰富。     

早餐对高校体育专业学生运动损伤发生率的影响

目的探讨不吃早餐或吃质量不同早餐对体育专业学生运动损伤发生率的影响，以提出相关建议。方法采用问卷调查、数理统计等方法，对体育专业学生的早餐情况、早餐与运动损伤发生率的关系，以及不吃早餐或吃质量不同早餐学生的运动损伤的成因进行统计、排序和对比研究。结果788名学生中不用早餐的占2．0％，有67．5％早餐质量较差，真正达到4类食品齐全且热量充足的只占12．7％。不吃早餐组学生运动损伤发生率高达50％，而早餐质量较好和好的学生发生率为28．1％、29．0％。结论早餐对运动损伤发生率有较大影响，体育专业大学生不仅要坚持吃早餐，而且要吃质量好的早餐。对学生营养知识的教育，应引起学校和教育者的高度重视。     

3种功能性消化不良药物治疗方案的成本-效果分析

目的:评价3种功能性消化不良药物治疗方案的成本-效果。方法:将125例患者随机分成3组,A组为多潘立酮,B组为多潘立酮+盐酸多塞平,C组为多潘立酮+法莫替丁,均口服给药观察疗效,并进行成本-效果分析。结果:A、B、C组成本分别为792.56元、800.12元、803.76元;有效率分别为51.17%、82.50%、71.43%;成本-效果比分别为15.49、9.70、11.25;B、C组相对于A组的增量成本-效果比分别为0.24、0.55。结论:B方案为较佳治疗方案。     

临床护理路径在重症肺炎合并心衰患者中的应用效果

【摘要】 目的 探讨临床护理路径在重症肺炎合并心衰护理中的应用效果。方法 选取2017年1~12月榆林市星元第四医院收治的98例重症肺炎合并心衰患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各49例。对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组实施临床护理路径模式干预,比较两组血气分析指标、体征恢复情况及心理状况变化的干预效果。结果 干预前两组心率、PaO2、PaCO2、SAS、SDS评分相比较无明显差异（P＞005）;干预后观察组心率、PaCO2明显低于对照组,PaO2明显高于对照组（P＜005）;观察组干预后退热时间、气促消失时间、心衰消失时间明显短于对照组（P＜005）;观察组护理满意度明显高于对照组（P＜005）;干预后观察组SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组（P＜005）。结论 临床护理路径模式干预在重症肺炎合并心衰患者中应用效果明显,不仅可有效改善患者血气指标、临床症状,且明显改善患者心理状态,从而提高患者护理满意度。     

前列地尔对皮瓣移植患者术后凝血功能的影响

目的探讨前列地尔对皮瓣移植患者术后凝血功能的影响。方法以56例接受游离皮瓣移植术治疗的患者为对象,分为对照组与观察组。观察两组凝血功能。结果观察组术后24 h、72 h皮瓣肿胀程度评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),术后24 h视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)与对照组比较无差异(P>0.05);术后72 h VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后72 h未见血管危象发生,低于对照组的7.14%(2/28)(P<0.05)。两组术后活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)水平升高,纤维蛋白原(Fbg)水平降低(P<0.05);观察组aPTT、PT水平高于对照组(P<0.05),两组Fbg水平比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论前列地尔可预防皮瓣术后血管危象的发生,防止肢体肿胀并减轻患者疼痛,并且对患者的凝血功能影响较小。     

无水乙醇硬膜外注入脊神经毁损术用于晚期肿瘤止痛68例

目的探讨无水乙醇硬膜外注入脊神经毁损术对于晚期肿瘤患者的止痛效果。方法68例晚期肿瘤患者采用无水乙醇硬膜外注入脊神经毁损术治疗,观察其安全性及疗效。结果患者治疗前、治疗后1周、1月、3月的平均VAS评分分别为8.5±0.5、1.5±1.2、3.8±1.0、4.5±1.0,疼痛缓解优良率分别为100%、95.3%、71.6%。生活质量均有显著改善。除出现排尿困难7例（10.3%）,恶心嗜睡、下肢麻木各5例（7.4%）外,未发生严重不良反应。结论采用无水乙醇硬膜外注入脊神经毁损术对于晚期肿瘤患者止痛效果明显,且安全易行,值得推广。     

宝鸡市金台区中小学教师血脂水平分析

目的:了解宝鸡市金台区中小学教师健康状况、血脂水平,为该人群开展健康教育、改善生活方式、防治代谢类疾病的发生、发展提供科学依据。方法:收集2010年3月—2011年3月在体检中心体检的1 650名中小学教师血脂检验结果,并进行分析。结果:1 650例中,有309例存在不同程度的血脂异常,占18.73%。结论:宝鸡市金台区中小学教师血脂异常状况与其他行业国民血脂异常水平接近,且血脂异常检出率随年龄增长而逐渐增多;不同性别间,相同年龄段有不同的变化趋势。提倡社会人群定期进行血脂检测,调整饮食结构,改善生活方式,积极预防和控制血脂异常,预防心脑血管病及其他代谢类疾病的发生、发展。     

dNK derived IFN-γ mediates VSMC migration and apoptosis via the induction of LncRNA MEG3: A role in uterovascular transformation

IntroductionAppropriate spiral artery remodeling is critical for successful fetal development and pregnancy outcomes. The vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss and separation, involving cell apoptosis and migration, plays an important role in this process. Decidual natural killer cells (dNK)-derived interferon gamma (IFN-γ), a key regulator of uterine arterial remodeling, can facilitate separation of VSMC layers, however, the specific mechanisms of it action are unknown. Long non-coding RNA MEG3 functions as tumor suppressor by regulating apoptosis and migration. Moreover, IFN-γ has been shown to influence cell vitality through regulating MEG3 expression. However, the functional role of dNK derived IFN-γ and MEG3 on VSMC viability, as well as the relationship between IFN-γ and MEG3 in VSMCs, has not been completely elaborated.MethodsThe up-regulation strategies and reagent treatment were employed to detect the effects of MEG3 and dNK/IFN-γ on VSMC proliferation, apoptosis and migration. At the same time, MEG3, p53 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions were investigated.Results: dNK/IFN-γ treatment led to up-regulation of MEG3 expression in VSMCs. Both MEG3 over-expression and dNK/IFN-γ treatment inhibited VSMC proliferation, stimulated VSMC migration and resulted in a small but significant induction of VSMC apoptosis, as well as promoted p53 and MMP-2 expression in VSMCs.DiscussionMEG3 is regulated by dNK-derived IFN-γ and regulates VSMC migration and apoptosis. Therefore, it may be an important positive regulator in VSMC loss from the maternal uterine spiral arteries during vascular transformation.     

Nicotine contributes to the neural stem cells fate against toxicity of microglial-derived factors induced by Aβ via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Recent studies have demonstrated that the molecules secreted from microglias play important roles in the cell fate determination of neural stem cells (NSCs), and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist treatment could reduce neuroinflammation in some neurodegenerative disease models, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is not clear how nicotine plays a neuroprotective role in inflammation-mediated central nervous diseases, and its possible mechanisms in the process remain largely elusive. The aim of this study is to improve the survival microenvironment of NSCs co-cultured with microglias in vitro by weakening inflammation that mediated by accumulation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ). The viability, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis of NSCs and underlying mechanisms associated with Wnt signaling pathway were investigated. The results showed that Aβ could directly damage NSCs. Furthermore, concomitant to elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-1β derived from microglias, the NSCs had been damaged more severely with the upregulation of Axin 2, p-β-catenin and the downregulation of β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, microtubule-associated protein-2, choline acetyltransferase. However, addition of 10 μmol/L nicotine before microglias treated with Aβ was beneficial to protect the NSCs against neurotoxicity of microglial-derived factors induced by Aβ, which partially rescued proliferation, differentiation and inhibited apoptosis of NSCs via activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, these data imply that low concentration nicotine attenuates NSCs injury induced by microglial-derived factors via Wnt signaling pathway. Thus, treatment with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist provides a promising research field for neural stem cell fate and therapeutic intervention in neuroinflammation diseases.     

从外观性状识别酸枣仁伪品

探讨酸枣仁及其常见伪品的性状鉴别,确保临床用药的安全、有效。取酸枣仁及其常见伪品,对外观性状进行比对讨论发现酸枣仁及其伪品在外观性状有明显区别。性状鉴别方法能有效地识别酸枣仁及其伪品。