Application of behavioral therapies in adult and adolescent patients with chronic migraine

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is induced by a variety of damages such as trauma, ischemia, and iatrogenic injury, resulting in sense and motion dysfunction. Despite the improvements in medical and surgical care, current treatment methods for SCI demonstrate poor and delayed efficiency, leading to different degree of permanent loss of neural function and disability in the patients. Rapid advances in stem-cells research suggest that stem cells may be applied in SCI therapy. Indeed, SCI is a major field in which stem-cell therapy has been proposed and practised, and most recently the clinical trials of stem-cell therapy were initiated, which aroused a number of clinical concerns. In this review, we summarize current status of SCI repair, then introduce the sources and biological characteristics of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and discuss the differentiation potential of iPSCs and the perspective of the application of iPSCs in SCI therapy.     

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??Abstracts??Objective Different diagnostic methods of biliary atresia ??BA?? and infantile intrahepatic cholestasis disease were investigated in order to find a simple?? fast??practical??economic and non invasive differential diagnostic method. Methods A total of 584 cases of infantile cholestasis were collected from May 2006 to June 2012 for persistent jaundice??pale yellow or white shit who lived in Department of Pediatric Digestion and Infection?? Tongji Hospital?? Tongji Medical College?? Huazhong University of Science & Technology??HUST??. Seven methods including clinical diagnosis??blood biochemical tests?? liver and gallbladder ultrasonography?? dynamic continuous duodenal liquid bile check?? nuclide hepatic imaging?? magnetic resonance imaging and histology were applied for differential diagnosis and the results were analyzed. Results The correctness of clinical diagnosis method was 74.5%?? sensitivity 81.6%??specificity 69.9%?? liver size: 49.0%??89.0%?? and76.9%?? stool color:83.2%??96.1% and96.7%??blood total bilirubin:63.0%??93.1%and91.2% ?? serumγ-GT:79.7%?? 71.1%and78.7% ?? dynamic duodenal liquid color check:93.3%??91.7% and92.7%?? bile acid of duodenal liquid:97.8%??100.0% and 100.0%??B graphy :89.7%??91.7%and94.3%??porta fibre block check:72.1%??29.4%and 68.7%??nuclide hepatic imaging :60.5%??100.0% and 100.0%??MRCP:88.3%??96.5%and94.4%??liver pathology :97.4%??98.2% and 94.9%. Conclusion Differential diagnosis in 1 week can help differentiate biliary atresia from infantile intrahepatic cholestasis. B-ultrasonography and dynamic duodenal fluid test are simple?? fast practical??economic and noninvasive as differential diagnostic methods.     

Measuring socioeconomic health inequalities in presence of multiple categorical information

While many of the measurement approaches in health inequality measurement assume the existence of a ratio-scale variable, most of the health information available in population surveys is given in the form of categorical variables. Therefore, the well-known inequality indices may not always be readily applicable to measure health inequality as it may result in the arbitrariness of the health concentration index's value. In this paper, we address this problem by changing the dimension in which the categorical information is used. We therefore exploit the multi-dimensionality of this information, define a new ratio-scale health status variable and develop positional stochastic dominance conditions that can be implemented in a context of categorical variables. We also propose a parametric class of population health and socioeconomic health inequality indices. Finally we provide a twofold empirical illustration using the Joint Canada/United States Surveys of Health 2004 and the National Health Interview Survey 2010.     

Plasma oxidized high-density lipoprotein and glycated apolipoprotein A-I concentrations in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with stress hyperglycaemia or high thrombus burden

Abstract

Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles exert many beneficial actions that may help protect against cardiovascular disease. However, recent work has demonstrated that HDL can be oxidized and glycated under certain circumstances and may become pro-atherogenic. The present study investigated the impact of oxidized high-density lipoprotein (ox-HDL) and glycated apolipoprotein A-I (gly-ApoA-I) in patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: We assessed 55 consecutive patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into: (1) a stress hyperglycaemia (SH) and a no SH group; and (2) a high thrombus burden (HTB) group and a low thrombus burden (LTB) group. Meanwhile, 48 healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. Plasma ox-HDL and gly-ApoA-I concentrations were measured on admission and 7?days after admission.

Results: Higher concentrations of ox-HDL and gly-ApoA-I were found in the STEMI group than in the control group on admission and at d7. Further subgroup analysis showed that ox-HDL and gly-ApoA-I were higher in the SH group than in the no SH group at both time points; the HTB group had higher ox-HDL and ox-HDL/HDL-C levels than the LTB group on admission and at d7. However, gly-ApoA-I and the relative intensity of ApoA-I glycation showed no significant differences between the HTB and LTB groups.

Conclusions: The present data indicate that: (1) SH is associated with increased plasma concentrations of ox-HDL and gly-ApoA-I and therefore aggressive treatment is recommended; and (2) that ox-HDL and ox-HDL/HDL-C were higher in the HTB group and may be used to quantify thrombus burden.     

Fatal poisoning by terbufos following occupational exposure

Context: Terbufos (TBF) is a class Ia (extremely hazardous) organophosphate pesticide (OP) and its distribution in industrialized countries has been severely restricted. Thus, acute occupational poisoning is rather uncommon. However, it still occurs in rural areas of some developing countries, where the sale of TBF is not controlled and its use is thus not properly regulated. We report a case of a 43-year-old female farmer who died after applying TBF granules.

Case: The patient died within 3?h after applying 20 bags of 5% TBF granules (900?g per bag). Investigation showed that her personal protective equipment (PPE) did not provide effective protection against dermal and inhalational exposure. Postmortem analysis revealed extremely low red blood cell acetylcholinesterase activity. Toxicological analysis of TBF showed 1.45?×?10^?2?μg/ml in the heart blood and 0.17?μg/g in the liver.

Discussions: This patient died as a result of toxicity from dermal and inhalational exposure to TBF. Over-application, improper equipment, inadequate and defective PPE, and lack of hygienic precautions were all contributing factors.

Conclusions: TBF is a highly toxic OP. Inadequate regulatory control, improper environmental application, and ineffective PPE resulted in a fatal human exposure.     

Comparative analysis of preemptive analgesic effect of tramadol chlorhydrate and nimesulide following third molar surgery

The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled, paired trial was to perform a comparative analysis of the preemptive analgesic effect of nimesulide and tramadol chlorhydrate during third molar surgery. The study was carried out between March and November 2009, involving 94 operations in 47 male and female patients with bilateral impacted lower third molars in comparable positions. The sample was divided into two groups. Group A received an oral dose of 100 mg of nimesulide 1 h prior to surgery. Group B received an oral dose of 100 mg of tramadol chlorhydrate 1 h prior to surgery. The following aspects were evaluated in the postoperative period: adverse effects of the drugs; amount of rescue medication used (acetaminophen 750 mg); and pain 5, 6, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 h after surgery using a visual analog pain scale. Peak pain occurred 5 h after surgery in both groups, with a mean pain score of 2.3 in Group A and 3.0 in Group B; this difference did not achieve statistical significance (p > 0.141). Based on the sample studied, nimesulide and tramadol chlorhydrate demonstrate similar preemptive analgesic effects when used in lower third molar surgeries.     

儿童紫癜性肾炎244例的流行病学特征与肾脏受累危险因素分析

【摘要】目的 探讨244例儿童紫癜性肾炎（HSPN）的流行病学、肾脏受累危险因素及早期预防意义。方法 回顾性分析244例HSPN患儿（研究组）临床资料，记录其流行病学特征（发病年龄、季节分布、发病诱因）；将同期入院就诊的210例非HSPN的过敏性紫癜（HSP）患儿纳入对照组，比较两组患儿年龄、性别、发病季节、皮疹反复、抗凝药物使用情况、合并症状（腹痛、消化道出血、关节症状、血管性水肿等）、相关实验室指标检测结果及早期预防情况等差异，经非条件Logistic多元逐步回归分析肾脏受累的危险因素。结果 ①244例HSPN患儿男女性别比为2.2:1；发病年龄以5～10岁者居多（84.4%）；春季发病率在四季中最高（52.5%）；检出明确发病诱因151例（61.9%），其中因呼吸道感染致病者73例，占总人数的29.9%，其次为食物过敏（13.5%）、微生物感染（11.1%）和药物过敏（7.4%）。②两组患儿发病季节、合并关节症状、血管性水肿及红细胞计数（RBC）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、血浆纤维蛋白原（FIB）检测结果比较，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；非条件Logistic多元逐步回归分析结果显示：年龄、皮疹反复、未使用抗凝药物、未予以早期预防、WBC、消化道出血均为影响HSP患儿肾脏受累的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 儿童HSPN以5～10岁的男性患儿居多，春季发病率较高，呼吸道感染、食物或药物过敏、微生物感染等均可致病，年龄、皮疹反复、未使用抗凝药物、未予以早期预防、WBC、消化道出血等是影响HSP患儿肾脏受累的独立危险因素，需临床医师引起重视。