Safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine,Qiaoshao formula,combined with dapoxetine in the treatment of premature ejaculation: An open-label,real-life,retrospective multicentre study in Chinese men

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Chinese medicine, Qiaoshao formula combined with dapoxetine was used for the treatment of premature ejaculation in a real-life setting. Nine hundred and five males diagnosed with premature ejaculation were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. We divided the patients into two groups: dapoxetine alone and Qiaoshao formula combined with dapoxetine according to actual interventions provided to patients in clinics. The perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time and the premature ejaculation profile measures markedly improved in both groups. However, in men with severe premature ejaculation (baseline perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time <1 min) and those with baseline age ≤30 years, the perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time was slightly but significantly longer with combined therapy than with dapoxetine alone (p < .05). Therefore, combined therapy involving the Qiaoshao formula and dapoxetine proved to safe as well as effective for treating premature ejaculation while prolonging the perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time, which significantly improved the overall satisfaction of the patient and likely that of the couple.     

Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine ameliorated Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia by inhibiting cell death of neutrophils in a mouse infection model

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. Clinical isolates that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials make it intractable. The interactions between P. aeruginosa and host cell death have multiple effects on bacterial clearance and inflammation; however, the potential intervention effects remain to be defined. Herein, we demonstrated that intravenous administration of 3-methyladenine before, but not after, P. aeruginosa infection enhanced autophagy-independent survival, which was accompanied by a decrease in the bacterial load, alleviation of pathology and reduction in inflammatory cytokines, in an acute pneumonia mouse model. Interestingly, these beneficial effects were not dependent on neutrophil recruitment or phagocytosis, but on the enhanced killing capacity induced by inhibiting the cell death of 3-MA pretreated neutrophils. These findings demonstrate a novel protective role of 3-MA pretreatment in P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia.     

骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉在骨质疏松性胸腰椎中的生物力学进展

椎弓根螺钉内固定系统为治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病的主要装置。然而,骨密度的严重丢失造成骨质疏松性椎体对椎弓根螺钉的固定强度下降,内固定失败的发生率显著增加。骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉技术是一种改善骨质疏松性胸腰椎术后内固定生物力学稳定性的有效方法,大量研究证明其能显著增加椎弓根螺钉的固定强度,但存在骨水泥渗漏等风险。本文从骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉技术展开分析,对骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉的适应证、骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉的生物力学变化、骨水泥增强材料、注入体积及分布进行介绍,并对新型骨水泥材料及螺钉设计做了展望。     

108例难治性产后出血临床手术治疗方法探讨

  目的  探究在欠发达地区医院应用B-lynch缝合术加宫腔纱条填塞术治疗难治性产后出血的临床价值。  方法  收集昭通市第一人民医院2015年5月至2017年10月收治的108例难治性产后出血患者做对比研究，将治疗方案作为分组依据，按随机数字表法将其分为:B-lynch缝合术加宫腔纱条填塞术组（A）58例，其他方案治疗组（B）50例，对照两组的手术时间、出血量、输血量、住院时间、止血效果、子宫保留及近远期并发症。  结果  A组术中出血量及输血量均明显低于B组，手术用时长于B组，两组差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。A组58例均有效止血，占100%，无子宫切除病例，无严重术后并发症；B组43例有效止血，占86%，7例继发宫缩乏力再次出血行子宫切除术，占14%，无严重术后并发症，A、B两组止血均明显有效；A组有效止血率较B组高而子宫切除率较B组低，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。  结论  B-lynch缝合术加宫腔纱条填塞术不仅操作简便、止血迅速有效，还能尽量保留子宫，在医疗条件欠发达地区医院是治疗难治性产后出血的有效措施，值得推广应用。     

Endocrine Dysfunction Following Stroke

Endocrine dysfunction is known to occur after traumatic brain injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of various endocrine dysfunctions after a stroke. The Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was searched from 2001 to 2011 for patients with a diagnosis of stroke. Stroke patients were matched by diagnosis date, age, and sex to patients without a stroke. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to compare the incidence of goiter, acquired hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, pituitary dysfunction, and disorders of the adrenal glands between stroke and non-stroke patients. There were 131,951 patients in the stroke group, and 131,951 in the matched non- stroke group (mean age 66.1 ± 14.9 years). Stroke patients had significantly higher risk of acquired hypothyroidism (crude hazard ratio [cHR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44, 1.90; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.42, 1.91), pituitary dysfunction (cHR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.79, 2.99; aHR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.46, 2.52), and disorders of the adrenal glands (cHR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.52, 2.12; aHR =1.62, 95% CI: 1.36, 1.92) than non-stroke patients. Pituitary dysfunction and disorders of the adrenal glands were found in both hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke patients, while hypothyroidism was seen in ischemic stroke patients only. No significant association was found for goiter and thyroiditis. In conclusions, stroke survivors have an approximately 2-fold increased risk of developing acquired hypothyroidism, pituitary dysfunction, or disorders of the adrenal glands. These risks should be taken into account in the management of patients who have ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes.

Graphical Abstract

     

右美托咪定抑制大鼠创伤性脑损伤后神经细胞凋亡

  目的  探讨右美托咪定（DEX）对创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的神经保护作用是否与抑制神经细胞凋亡有关，是否涉及SIRT1信号通路。  方法  将SD大鼠随机分为Sham组、TBI + NS组、TBI + DEX组和TBI + DEX + EX527组。采用干/湿重法评估脑创伤后脑组织含水量；神经功能缺损评分检查神经功能受损情况；Western blot法检测大鼠皮质Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达水平。  结果  实验结果显示DEX干预后可减少脑创伤后促凋亡的调控蛋白Bax表达，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），增加抑制凋亡的调控蛋白Bcl-2表达，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），减轻脑水肿，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）和改善神经功能，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），上述观测指标的变化可被SIRT1抑制剂EX527逆转。  结论  提示DEX通过抑制神经细胞凋亡而减轻脑创伤后的继发性损害，该神经保护作用与SIRT1信号通路之间存在一定相关性。     

灯盏花素灌胃对紫外线致SD大鼠皮肤光老化的保护作用

目的探讨灯盏花素抗光老化的作用机制,为防治光老化性疾病提供实验依据。方法 SD大鼠随机分成6组,正常对照组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)、模型+维生素E30mg/kg对照组(C组)、模型+灯盏花素35mg/kg低剂量组(D组)、模型+灯盏花素70mg/kg中剂量组(E组)、模型+灯盏花素140mg/kg高剂量组(F组),模拟日光中UV(UVA+UVB)长期照射,造成皮肤光老化模型。观察皮肤的肉眼改变、组织结构改变及核转录因子κB(NF-κB)和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在大鼠皮肤中的表达与分布情况。结果 E组、F组大鼠皮肤红斑、脱屑、皱纹等光老化改变明显比B组轻;D组、E组、F组皮肤光老化病理改变逐渐减轻;D组、E组、F组分别与B组比较,NF-κB和PCNA的表达均有所减少,D组与B组间比较及F组与E组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NF-κB,PCNA在光老化模型中的高表达提示两者可能与光老化的形成有关;灯盏花素可能通过抑制PCNA的表达,抑制表皮细胞的增殖及通过抑制NF-κB的活化,从而下调炎症介质的合成,发挥其抗皮肤光老化的作用。     

互联网联合PBL及CBL教学法在器官移植教学中的应用

目的探讨借助互联网优势将PBL和CBL结合的教学模式在器官移植本科教学中的运用价值。方法将48名同等学历临床实习学生随机分为试验组和对照组(每组24名),试验组借助互联网平台结合PBL,CBL的教学模式相教学,对照组采用LBL教学模式教学;教学以闭卷考试,操作考核,问卷调查等形式进行教学效果评价。结果试验组同学的理论考试和技能操作考核结果均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05),教师对学员总体评价试验组高于对照组且试验组同学认为此种教学方法更加利于各学科知识衔接,知识拓展和综合素质提高。结论借助互联网优势将PBL和CBL结合的教学模式可以提高学生专业成绩和专业技能,同时也能拓展学生知识,提高学生综合素质,适用于器官移植科的本科教学。     

Relationships between electrochemical skin conductance and kidney disease in Type 2 diabetes

BackgroundSUDOSCAN® non-invasively measures peripheral small fiber and autonomic nerve activity using electrochemical skin conductance. Since neuropathy and nephropathy are microvascular Type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications, relationships between skin conductance, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) were assessed.MethodsTwo hundred five African Americans (AA) with T2D, 93 AA non-diabetic controls, 185 European Americans (EA) with T2D, and 73 EA non-diabetic controls were evaluated. Linear models were fitted stratified by population ancestry and T2D, adjusted for covariates.ResultsRelative to EA, AA had lower skin conductance (T2D cases p < 0.0001; controls p < 0.0001). Skin conductance was also lower in T2D cases vs. controls in each population (p < 0.0001, AA and EA). Global skin conductance was significantly associated with eGFR in AA and EA with T2D; adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and HbA1c, positive association was detected between skin conductance and eGFR in AA T2D cases (parameter estimate 3.38, standard error 1.2; p = 5.2E^− 3), without association in EA T2D cases (p = 0.22).ConclusionsNoninvasive measurement of skin conductance strongly associated with eGFR in AA with T2D, replicating results in Hong Kong Chinese. SUDOSCAN® may prove useful as a low cost, non-invasive screening tool to detect undiagnosed diabetic kidney disease in populations of African ancestry.