胆绿素改善大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用机制

  目的  探讨胆绿素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用以及机制。  方法  采用线栓法建立大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型（middle cerebral artery occlusion model，MCAO），给予胆绿素治疗后，采用改良版神经功能缺损评分评价大鼠神经功能缺损情况，干湿重法测定脑组织含水量，TTC染色测定脑梗死面积，Iba-1/DAPI染色标记缺血侧脑组织小胶质细胞活化情况，免疫荧光染色检测脑组织炎症因子TNF-α表达，Western blot测定脑组织Iba-1/CD68的蛋白表达。  结果  和IR组比较，胆绿素治疗可改善MCAO大鼠的神经功能缺损（P < 0.05），同时，还能减轻脑组织含水量（P < 0.05），降低大脑梗死面积（P < 0.05），以及降低缺血侧脑组织中小胶质细胞的表达和Iba-1/CD68蛋白的表达（P < 0.05）。此外，胆绿素治疗还能减少缺血侧脑组织中炎症因子TNF-α的表达（P < 0.05）。  结论  胆绿素在MCAO大鼠中可能通过抑制小胶质细胞活化而减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤。     

超声心动图三维斑点追踪技术对乳腺癌曲妥珠单抗治疗中心脏毒性评估的应用

  目的  探讨超声心动图三维斑点追踪技术对乳腺癌曲妥珠单抗治疗中心脏毒性评估的应用。  方法  选取昆明医科大学第一附属医院2020年11月至2022年7月收治的应用曲妥珠单抗治疗乳腺癌患者65例,分别在治疗后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月后给予常规超声心动图及三维斑点追踪技术（three-dimensional speckle tracking technique,3D-STI）,观察不同时间点的心脏指标参数的差异,包括左室射血分数（LVEF）、左房容积指数（LAVI）、二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度/二尖瓣环舒张早期移动速度（E/Em）、二尖瓣环舒张早期移动速度/二尖瓣环舒张晚期移动速度（Em/Am）、二尖瓣环收缩期移动速度（Sm）、二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度（E峰）、二尖瓣舒张晚期血流速度（A峰）、二尖瓣舒张早期环移动速度（Em）、二尖瓣舒张晚期环移动速度（Am）、左室扭转（LVtw）、左室整体纵向应变（GLS）、整体环周应变（GCS）、整体径向应变（ GRS）、整体面积应变GAS ）指标。  结果  治疗后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月相关参数和治疗前相比,LAVI、E/Em、Am有所升高,Em/Am和Em有所下降,LAVI和E/Em之间呈正相关性;与治疗前相比,治疗后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月的LVEF、GLS、GRS、LVtw、GCS、GAS均有所下降（P < 0.05）。  结论  乳腺癌患者应用曲妥珠单抗治疗时应用超声心动图三维斑点追踪技术效果理想,可以早期、准确对心脏毒性情况进行判断,可以为早期治疗提供参考依据,改善预后、临床结局方面价值显著。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血SOCS3 mRNA的表达及其与Th17的关系

 目的 研究慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血辅助性T细胞17(Th17)以及细胞因子信号转导抑制因子3(SOCS3) mRNA的表达状况,探索CHB患者SOCS3 mRNA表达与Th17的关系。方法 选取2021年2—8月于某院门诊就诊的30例CHB患者为研究对象,并选取同期正常体检者15例为对照组。采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测外周血Th17细胞频数,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清细胞因子IL-17A和IL-23表达水平,实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)法测定外周血SOCS3、维甲酸相关孤儿核受体γt (RORγt) mRNA表达水平,并比较两组患者的检测结果。结果 CHB患者外周血Th17细胞频数及其效应分子IL-17A、IL-23表达水平高于对照组(均P＜0.05),Th17细胞频数、IL-17A与HBV DNA水平之间存在正相关(r值分别为0.570、0.563,均P＜0.005)。CHB患者外周血SOCS3、RORγt mRNA表达水平高于对照组(均P＜0.05),两者与HBV DNA水平正相关(r值分别为0.662、0.561,均P＜0.05)。CHB患者SOCS3 mRNA与RORγt mRNA、Th17细胞频数、IL-17A之间存在正相关(r值分别为0.552、0.626、0.826,均P＜0.05)。结论 CHB患者外周血SOCS3 mRNA的异常高表达,可能通过调节RORγt mRNA的表达来影响Th17的分化及其效应分子的分泌。     

Safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine,Qiaoshao formula,combined with dapoxetine in the treatment of premature ejaculation: An open-label,real-life,retrospective multicentre study in Chinese men

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Chinese medicine, Qiaoshao formula combined with dapoxetine was used for the treatment of premature ejaculation in a real-life setting. Nine hundred and five males diagnosed with premature ejaculation were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. We divided the patients into two groups: dapoxetine alone and Qiaoshao formula combined with dapoxetine according to actual interventions provided to patients in clinics. The perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time and the premature ejaculation profile measures markedly improved in both groups. However, in men with severe premature ejaculation (baseline perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time <1 min) and those with baseline age ≤30 years, the perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time was slightly but significantly longer with combined therapy than with dapoxetine alone (p < .05). Therefore, combined therapy involving the Qiaoshao formula and dapoxetine proved to safe as well as effective for treating premature ejaculation while prolonging the perceived intravaginal ejaculation latency time, which significantly improved the overall satisfaction of the patient and likely that of the couple.     

Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine ameliorated Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia by inhibiting cell death of neutrophils in a mouse infection model

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. Clinical isolates that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials make it intractable. The interactions between P. aeruginosa and host cell death have multiple effects on bacterial clearance and inflammation; however, the potential intervention effects remain to be defined. Herein, we demonstrated that intravenous administration of 3-methyladenine before, but not after, P. aeruginosa infection enhanced autophagy-independent survival, which was accompanied by a decrease in the bacterial load, alleviation of pathology and reduction in inflammatory cytokines, in an acute pneumonia mouse model. Interestingly, these beneficial effects were not dependent on neutrophil recruitment or phagocytosis, but on the enhanced killing capacity induced by inhibiting the cell death of 3-MA pretreated neutrophils. These findings demonstrate a novel protective role of 3-MA pretreatment in P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia.     

骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉在骨质疏松性胸腰椎中的生物力学进展

椎弓根螺钉内固定系统为治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎退行性疾病的主要装置。然而,骨密度的严重丢失造成骨质疏松性椎体对椎弓根螺钉的固定强度下降,内固定失败的发生率显著增加。骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉技术是一种改善骨质疏松性胸腰椎术后内固定生物力学稳定性的有效方法,大量研究证明其能显著增加椎弓根螺钉的固定强度,但存在骨水泥渗漏等风险。本文从骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉技术展开分析,对骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉的适应证、骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉的生物力学变化、骨水泥增强材料、注入体积及分布进行介绍,并对新型骨水泥材料及螺钉设计做了展望。     

A rare case of isolated accessory mitral tissue in an asymptomatic adult female

Accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, which is associated with other congenital heart diseases. It is diagnosed in neonates or childhood and rarely in adulthood. Nevertheless, AMVT is an incidental finding or described as isolated. Echocardiography, especially three-dimensional echocardiography is considered as an optimal imaging technique for AMVT diagnosis. We herein presented an asymptomatic adult AMVT cases with significant left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and surgical excision was recommended.     

地西他滨对骨髓增生异常综合征/急性髓系白血病患者外周血及骨髓中调节性T细胞相对含量的影响研究

目的:通过分析应用地西他滨(DAC)治疗以及非DAC化疗的骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)及急性髓系白血病(AML)患者外周血及骨髓中的调节性T细胞(Treg)的相对含量,探讨Treg在MDS及AML发病及缓解过程中的免疫调节功能,及DAC对其的影响。方法:收集2018年10月-2019年2月在昆明医科大学第一附属医院血液科就诊的MDS患者15例,AML患者49例,对照组14例(标本来自确诊的缺铁性贫血或巨幼细胞贫血患者,经系统检查排除恶性肿瘤及自身免疫性疾病)。采集入组患者的骨髓液及外周血进行流式检测Treg的相对含量,同时收集临床资料。结果:在初诊时MDS及AML患者外周血及骨髓中Treg相对含量较对照组升高(P=0.05,P=0.043)。经DAC治疗的AML患者外周血中Treg相对含量较初诊组及非DAC化疗组均明显降低(P<0.05)。DAC治疗缓解组骨髓及外周血中Treg含量较未缓解组降低(P<0.05)。DAC治疗组与对照组Treg含量无差异。结论:DAC可能通过消耗体内Treg含量,减少对机体抗肿瘤免疫的抑制,增强机体免疫功能对肿瘤细胞的识别及杀伤,从而促进患者疾...     

Hepatitis D: advances and challenges

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although discovered > 40 years ago, little attention has been paid to this pathogen from both scientific and public communities. However, effectively combating hepatitis D requires advanced scientific knowledge and joint efforts from multi-stakeholders. In this review, we emphasized the recent advances in HDV virology, epid...     

薇诺娜舒敏保湿特护霜对新冠疫情防控期间医护人员佩戴医用口罩后皮肤屏障的修复

目的 观察使用薇诺娜舒敏保湿特护霜对疫情期间医护人员佩戴医用口罩后皮肤屏障修复作用及皮肤敏感改善情况.方法 采用自身前后对照研究,选取受试者佩戴口罩后的右侧面颊为受试区.入组当天晨起及佩戴口罩4h后检测经表皮水分流失(transepidermal waterloss,TEWL)及角质层含水量,随后发放受试品(薇诺娜舒敏...