一种新型PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的物理性能研究*

目的：研究一种新型聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物[poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), PLGA]/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的物理性能。方法：制备PLGA电纺膜(A组)、纯鱼皮胶原膜(B组)及新型PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜(C组)3种膜,分别检测接触角、失重率、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等物理性能,初步评价新型PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的物理性能,为其应用于种植引导组织再生提供理论依据。结果：新型PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜(C组)具有良好的亲水性,接触角为68.52°;体外降解12周后失重率为(14.85±0.13)%,拉伸强度为(2.41±0.47) MPa,断裂伸长率为(77.98±25.72)%,失重率速率最小且仍保持一定的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率。结论：PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的物理机械性能能够达到临床要求,为进一步的细胞实验提供基础。     

Prognostic role of CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma

IntroductionMyeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are critically involved in cancer immune suppression and MDSC density has been recognized as a robust prognostic biomarker. Here, we sought to characterize the densities and locations of CD11b⁺ MDSCs in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and determine their prognostic significance.Material and methodsA total of 144 eligible OSCC samples from a tertiary referral oral cancer center were retrospectively collected. Intensities of CD11b⁺ MDSCs at the tumor center (CT) and invasive margin (IM) in OSCC samples were detected by immunohistochemistry and automatically quantified using Image J software. The optimal cutoff values for CD11b CT and CD11b IM were determined by X-tile based on overall survival. The associations between CD11b⁺ MDSCs and clinicopathological parameters were assessed by the χ² test. The prognostic value of CD11b⁺ MDSCs was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier plots, Cox regression analyses and receiver operating characteristics curves.ResultsHigh density of CD11b⁺ MDSCs at CT or IM was significantly associated with inferior overall and disease-free survival (Kaplan-Meir, p < 0.05, log-rank test). CD11b CT and CD11b IM were identified as independent prognostic predictors for patient survival. The prediction accuracy and specificity of CD11b CT and CD11b IM were superior to other prognostic parameters.ConclusionsOur data indicated that increased densities of CD11b⁺ MDSCs in CT and IM regions were significantly associated with poor prognoses, which might be novel prognostic factors for OSCC.     

Reliability and validity of two software systems used to measure the pharyngeal airway space in three-dimensional analysis

The aim of this study was to test the reliability and validity of two software systems used to measure the pharyngeal airway space three-dimensionally. A sample of 40 cone beam computed tomography images from adult patients was taken from a database. The cone beam computed tomography images were analysed by InVivoDental and Dolphin 3D software systems by two calibrated examiners. Three nasopharynx and oropharynx prototypes were used as a reference standard to validate the software systems. The volume, minimum area and minimum area localization were the measurements tested. Measurements were compared using a paired t-test; correlated using Pearson’s correlation and linear regression. Bland–Altman analysis was also used. We found significant differences in the oropharynx volume (P = 0.002) and nasopharynx minimum area localization (P = 0.009). The Dolphin 3D software presented higher-volume values than the ones found in the prototype, while the InVivoDental software presented lower values. Strong (r>0.7; P > 0.001) or very strong (r>0.9; P > 0.001) correlations were observed between the software systems. Bland–Altman analysis found good agreement between prototypes and the software systems. The measurements obtained from the Dolphin 3D and InVivoDental software systems are both reliable, strongly correlated, but should not be assumed as equal. Dolphin 3D software overestimates the nasopharynx and oropharynx volumes, while the InVivoDental software underestimates them.     

间接法诊断饰面在前牙美学修复中的效果评价

目的:评价间接法制作的诊断饰面在前牙美学修复中的临床效果。方法:选择2017年5月-2018年8月在南京大学医学院附属口腔医院口腔修复科就诊的20例前牙美学缺陷的患者为研究对象,对46颗前牙采用间接法制作丙烯酸树脂诊断饰面,分别在治疗后的1周和1个月进行回访,从修复体解剖外形、表面状态、颜色匹配、牙龈状况四方面及患者满意度进行评价。结果:诊断饰面完成后1周,所有牙面的树脂均未见着色,46颗前牙中有1颗树脂脱落,1颗牙龈有轻度炎症。1个月后,有9颗牙树脂不完整,3颗牙牙龈有轻度炎症,1颗牙树脂有轻微着色。修复后患者满意度高。结论:间接法制作诊断饰面具有良好的临床效果,可用于前牙美学修复,帮助进行最终修复效果的预测。     

8-烯丙基山竹醇在口腔鳞癌化学预防中的作用

目的 评估8-烯丙基山竹醇在口腔鳞癌化学预防中的作用。方法 培养人口腔鳞癌细胞系CAL27,以不同浓度的山竹醇和8-烯丙基山竹醇处理细胞,采用MTT实验、克隆形成实验、划痕实验及流式细胞术检测其对CAL27细胞生物学行为的影响。建立对二甲基苯并蒽(DMBA)诱导的地鼠颊囊异常增生模型,阴性对照为不做处理,阳性对照为左侧颊囊涂DMBA 3 周,实验组为涂DMBA 3 周后分别涂0.5、1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇或8-烯丙基山竹醇 2 周,实验结束后处死动物,取左侧颊囊进行组织病理学观察和BrdU免疫组织化学染色。结果 MTT实验结果显示,山竹醇和8-烯丙基山竹醇均可抑制CAL27细胞增殖,且呈一定浓度和时间依赖关系。药物作用72 h,8-烯丙基山竹醇的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为(13.13±2.55)μmol/L,明显低于山竹醇的(32.20±3.24)μmol/L(t=8.008,P=0.001);两种药物同种浓度作用效果相比,8-烯丙基山竹醇对细胞增殖的抑制作用明显强于山竹醇,以10(24 h:t=8.012,P=0.001;48 h:t=5.939,P=0.001;72 h:t=12.551,P=0.001)和20 μmol/L(24 h:t=8.887,P=0.001;48 h:t=9.324,P=0.002;72 h:t=5.361,P=0.002)浓度时差异最为显著。克隆形成实验结果显示,山竹醇和8-烯丙基山竹醇用药组20 μmol/L浓度时的克隆形成率分别为(44.1±0.4)%和(23.6±0.6)%,明显低于10 μmol/L浓度时(55.6±2.8)%(t=6.894,P=0.019)和(31.0±0.6)%(t=15.556,P=0.001);10(t=14.682,P=0.003)和20 μmol/L(t=51.514,P=0.001)浓度时8-烯丙基山竹醇对CAL27 细胞菌落形成的抑制作用明显强于山竹醇。划痕实验结果显示,用药12 h时,10和20 μmol/L山竹醇组的细胞相对迁移率分别为(16.00±4.55)%(t=3.139,P=0.026)和(3.00±3.16)%(t=6.608,P=0.001),明显低于阴性对照组的(30.33±7.64)%;10和20 μmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇组的细胞相对迁移率分别为(16.25±3.86)%(t=3.245,P=0.023)和(6.00±2.65)%(t=5.214,P=0.006),也均明显低于阴性对照组的(30.33±7.64)%。用药24 h时,10和20 μmol/L山竹醇组的细胞相对迁移率分别为(23.75±4.57)%(t=4.718,P=0.005)和(5.75±1.50)%(t=10.432,P=0.001),均明显低于阴性对照组的(45.33±7.64)%;10和20 μmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇组的细胞相对迁移率分别为(23.50±2.38)%(t=5.529,P=0.003)和(11.67±2.31)%(t=7.308,P=0.002),也均明显低于阴性对照组的(45.33±7.64)%。20 μmol/L浓度作用24 h时,山竹醇组的细胞相对迁移率明显低于8-烯丙基山竹醇(t=4.151,P=0.009)。凋亡实验结果显示,10 μmol/L时,山竹醇组的早期凋亡率为(5.00±0.10)%,明显高于阴性对照组的(1.57±0.21)%(F=70.950,P=0.001)。20 μmol/L时,山竹醇组的早期和晚期凋亡率分别为(5.90±0.78)%(t=39.384,P=0.001)和(9.73±1.67)%(t=10.101,P=0.001),均明显高于阴性对照组;8-烯丙基山竹醇组的早期凋亡率为(4.63±1.16)%,明显高于阴性对照组(t=4.511,P=0.041)。同种浓度作用效果相比较,8-烯丙基山竹醇对细胞凋亡的促进作用明显弱于山竹醇(10 μmol/L:t=5.982,P=0.004;20 μmol/L:t=8.578,P=0.001)。组织病理学观察结果显示,0.5 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=2.546,P=0.031)、0.5 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=3.485,P=0.008)、1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=4.556,P=0.001)和1.0 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=5.393,P=0.001)地鼠的口腔黏膜上皮单纯增生面积均明显低于阳性对照组;0.5 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=2.130,P=0.046)、1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=3.434,P=0.010)和1.0 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=4.518,P=0.004)地鼠的口腔黏膜上皮异常增生面积也均明显低于阳性对照组,1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=2.793,P=0.023)和1.0 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=4.997,P=0.001)均明显低于0.5 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组。BrdU免疫组织化学染色结果显示,阴性对照组(t=7.563,P=0.001)、0.5 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=2.862,P=0.029)、0.5 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=4.693,P=0.002)、1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=5.071,P=0.002)和1.0 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=5.133,P=0.001)地鼠的BrdU增殖指数均明显低于阳性对照组,0.5 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=3.724,P=0.007)、1.0 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组(t=7.000,P=0.001)和1.0 mmol/L 8-烯丙基山竹醇处理组(t=4.413,P=0.003)均明显低于0.5 mmol/L 山竹醇处理组。结论 8-烯丙基山竹醇可抑制人口腔鳞癌细胞CAL27的增殖和迁移,促进细胞凋亡;对DMBA诱导的地鼠口腔颊囊异常增生具有显著抑制作用,但作用效果与山竹醇存在一定差异。     

Association between prevalence of pyrimethamine resistance and double mutation in pfdhfr gene in West Bengal,India

ObjectiveTo find whether antifolate drug (pyrimethamine) resistance has occurred in the two malaria endemic zones (Kolkata and Purulia) of West Bengal, India.MethodsParasitic bloods were collected from patients of Kolkata and Purulia, in vitro susceptibility test were performed in those 90 isolates. Now parasitic DNA was isolated by phenol chloroform extraction method and then polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of different codons of pfdhfr gene (51, 59, and 108) were assessed in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from patients in India.ResultsAmong 45 isolates from Kolkata dhfr mutant isolates at codons 108, 51 and 59 were found in 71.11%, 100% and 15.55% isolates respectively while in Purulia mutation found in those codons were 42.22%, 57.77% and 0%, respectively. In Kolkata, the isolate having double mutation (N108 + 51I) were resistant to pyrimethamine (P < 0.01) whereas in Purulia N108 mutation is occurred with both mixed and mutant 51I mutation.ConclusionsOur present findings implicate that due to enormous drug (pyrimethamine) pressure double mutation with dhfr S108N/T and N51I was highly correlated (P < 0.01) with in vitro pyrimethamine resistance in two malaria endemic region of West Bengal. The increase in the number of dhfr mutations was strongly correlated to resistance to pyrimethamine.     

Cytopathology of lung cancer: moving from morphology to molecular

The recent discovery and availability of new targeted therapies for lung cancer has presented new challenges to pathologists. Since many lung cancers are diagnosed by aspiration or exfoliative cytology specimens in the primary or metastatic setting, these new therapies have had an impact on the practice of respiratory cytopathology. In particular, accurate subclassification of non-small cell carcinomas and acquisition of sufficient material for molecular studies is crucial. Balancing the need of adequate material for accurate diagnosis with the demands of clinicians to do more with less tissue has been a challenge and continues to impact the way lung cancers are approached in cytopathology. This review focuses on the changes and impact of the molecular era on the diagnosis of lung cancer in cytopathology.     

Cross-sectional study of posterior tooth root fractures in 2015 and 2019 in a Chinese population

Clinical Oral Investigations - This study aimed to compare posterior tooth root fractures in endodontically treated teeth versus nonendodontically treated teeth in the Chinese population. We...