Patterns of LHβcf among women in health and disease

Urine based gonadotropin assays provide a practical means of analyzing hormone secretion patterns. While research protocols have revealed pulsatile patterns of gonadotropins such as LH in the blood, these assays are of limited clinical use since daily venipuncture sampling is not feasible outside of a research environment. However, collection of several urine samples provides a method to achieve the same visualization of gonadotropin patterns in patients using a convenient and generally applicable technique based on analysis of the highly stable hLHβcf for monitoring LH and hCGβcf for monitoring pituitary hCG. We demonstrated that two different sampling techniques for analyzing these gonadotropin metabolites yielded the same information on their excretory patterns, either sampling of spot urines or collecting first morning void urines for several days. Next, we studied the core excretory patterns in several populations: menstruating and postmenopausal women from the general population, and two populations of women from a fertility center, one of which had polycystic ovaries (PCO). The PCO population was also subdivided into those with and without insulin resistance (IR). It was found that our hLHβcf assay did not measure the form of the LH core (v-hLHβcf) produced in subjects who were homozygous for a variant form of LH (v-LH). None of our patients tested were homozygous for the variant form of LH. It was also found that in most non-PCO (NPCO) patients, the hLHβcf peak lasted for 7–9 days while among the PCO patients this peak frequently lasted for less than 7 days and an erratic pattern tended to appear. The overall differences in patterns between the PCO and NPCO patients were confirmed by spectral statistical methods. The prevalence of certain characteristic hLHβcf patterns may be higher among women with PCO with a more severe clinical presentation. Use of urinary analysis of gonadotropin metabolites, especially hLHβcf, may supplement subjective ultrasound studies with more sensitive biochemical measurements.     

谷胱甘肽- S-转移酶π和 DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ-α在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨谷胱甘肽- S-转移酶π （GST-π ）和 DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ-α （Topo Ⅱ-α ）在肿瘤的表达及其与结直肠癌临床病理学特征之间的关系.方法应用免疫组织化学（免疫组化） ABC法检测 GST-π和 Topo Ⅱ-α在 60例结直肠癌、癌旁组织和 15例正常结肠黏膜中的表达并分析其意义.结果 GST-π和 Topo Ⅱ-α在结直肠癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为 90.0%和 86.7%,显著高于癌旁组织和正常黏膜（ P〈 0.01）. GST-π和 Topo Ⅱ-α表达强度与肿瘤大小和组织学类型无关（ P 〉0.05）,但与肿瘤的临床分期、分化程度和淋巴结转移与否密切相关（ P〈 0.01）. GST-π在低分化癌组织中高表达;Topo Ⅱ-α在高分化癌组织中的表达强度高于低分化癌（ P〈 0.01）.结论 GST-π和 Topo Ⅱ-α在结直肠癌组织中的表达与肿瘤的临床病理特征有关,可作为衡量肿瘤恶性程度和预后的指标之一.     

咪唑安定对低血容量休克鼠静脉血管可容性的影响

目的研究咪唑安定对低血容量休克血管可容性的影响及可能的作用机制。方法血管可容性的变化通过测量注射咪唑安定前后全身平均循环充盈压(Pmcf)来表示。实验鼠分为对照组(n=8),交感神经阻断组(SNSB,n=8),交感神经阻断 去甲肾上腺素组(SNSB NA,n=9),低血容量组(n=5)。静脉注射咪唑安定0.1、0.3、0.5、1.0mg·kg-1后2min测量Pmcf。结果与用药前相比,咪唑安定导致对照组、低血容量组、SNSB NA组平均动脉压明显下降(P<0.05),但对照组呈剂量依存性方式。对照组和低血容量组的Pmcf呈现剂量依存性下降(P<0.05),但SNSB组、SNSB NA组无改变。结论 咪唑安定可引起剂量依存性的静脉血管舒张,而这种作用主要是源于其对静脉血管交感神经张力的抑制。     

突触功能必需基因参与线虫衰老的调控(英文)

目的鉴定参与线虫衰老的神经内分泌调控的新基因。方法鉴于神经系统在衰老调控中的重要作用,通过寿命分析和脂褐质自发荧光的检测,从编码突触蛋白的遗传位点中筛选参与衰老调控的基因。我们还进一步检查了这些遗传位点相应的突变体的永久性幼虫形成情况,探讨它们是否可能受胰岛素样信号通路的调控。结果遗传位点 unc-10,syd-2,hlb-1,dlk-1,mkk-4,scd-2,snb-1,ric-4,nrx-1,unc-13,sbt-1,unc-64 可能参与线虫衰老的调控。而且在衰老的调控中,unc-10,syd-2,hlb-1,dlk-1,mkk-4,scd-2,snb-1,ric-4,nrx-1 的功能可能与unc-13,sbt-1,unc-64相反。肠道脂褐质自发荧光的检测进一步证明了筛选出的各基因对应突变体的长寿或短寿表型,是由减慢或缩短的组织衰老所致。在筛选出的基因中,syd-2,hlb-1,mkk-4,scd-2,snb-1,ric-4,unc-64 也参与了永久性幼虫形成的调控。另外,daf-2突变增强了syd-2和hlb-1的表达,降低了mkk-4,nrx-1,ric-4,sbt-1,rpm-1,unc-10,dlk-1,unc-13 的表达。daf-16突变提高了syd-2和 hlb-1 的表达,降低了mkk-4,nrx-1,sbt-1,rpm-1,unc-10,dlk-1,unc-13 的表达. 结论突触功能可能在个体寿命和永久性幼虫形成的调控机制中具有重要的作用。     

女性生殖道不同部位检测支原体的序贯试验分析

目的探讨解脲脲原体和人型支原体在女性生殖道的主要寄生部位.方法采用载量一致的标准无菌棉拭子分别于女性阴道穹窿和宫颈口采样,用法国生物梅里埃ID试剂进行解脲脲原体和人型支原体的培养鉴定及半定量计数,按照双向质反应开放型序贯试验设计,对检测结果进行比较分析.结果阴道穹窿部位标本中两种支原体的总阳性数和≥10^4ccu/ml半定量阳性数均高于宫颈口标本.结论对女性进行生殖道支原体感染的检测时应采集阴道穹窿标本,以提高检出率.     

166例涎腺腺样囊性癌的临床病理分析

目的 分析涎腺腺样囊性癌的临床病理特点。方法 对166例涎腺腺样囊性癌行临床资料总结和HE组织学观察。结果 本组腺样囊性癌占涎腺上皮性肿瘤的11．5％，占涎腺癌的27．0％；男性略多于女性；中年以上好发；发生于小涎腺者多于大涎腺，以腭部为最常见；腺样型103例，管状型42例，实性型2l例；Ⅰ级17例，Ⅱ级128例，Ⅲ级2l例。结论 需与基底细胞腺癌、涎腺导管癌、多形性低度恶性腺癌、上皮-肌上皮癌鉴别诊断；浸润性极强是其显著特点，手术治疗以局部大块切除为主要原则。     

前列腺癌中E-钙粘素、p16及雌激素受体基因甲基化的检测及其临床意义

目的:研究前列腺病变中E-钙粘素、p16和雌激素受体(ER)基因启动子CpG岛甲基化状况及其与临床资料的关系,探讨基因过甲基化在前列腺癌(PCa)发生发展中的作用及其临床意义。方法:收集石蜡包埋前列腺全切术标本:良性前列腺增生(BPH)13例,高级别前列腺上皮内瘤(HGPIN)10例,有随访记录的PCa 20例。采用甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)技术对E-钙粘素、p16和ER基因CpG岛甲基化进行检测。结果:E-钙粘素、p16和ER基因过甲基化在PCa中的发生率分别为30%、25%和65%。非恶性病变(BPH和HGPIN)很少发生DNA过甲基化。结论:PCa的发生及进展与E-钙粘素、p16和ER基因过甲基化密切相关,检测甲基化状况对HGPIN与PCa的鉴别诊断可能有辅助作用。E-钙粘素和ER基因过甲基化可能提示预后差。     

Abstinence and abstinence-only education: A review of U.S. policies and programs

Abstinence from sexual intercourse is an important behavioral strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and pregnancy among adolescents. Many adolescents, including most younger adolescents, have not initiated sexual intercourse and many sexually experienced adolescents and young adults are abstinent for varying periods of time. There is broad support for abstinence as a necessary and appropriate part of sexuality education. Controversy arises when abstinence is provided to adolescents as a sole choice and where health information on other choices is restricted or misrepresented. Although abstinence is theoretically fully effective, in actual practice abstinence often fails to protect against pregnancy and STIs. Few Americans remain abstinent until marriage; many do not or cannot marry, and most initiate sexual intercourse and other sexual behaviors as adolescents. Although abstinence is a healthy behavioral option for teens, abstinence as a sole option for adolescents is scientifically and ethically problematic. A recent emphasis on abstinence-only programs and policies appears to be undermining more comprehensive sexuality education and other government-sponsored programs. We believe that abstinence-only education programs, as defined by federal funding requirements, are morally problematic, by withholding information and promoting questionable and inaccurate opinions. Abstinence-only programs threaten fundamental human rights to health, information, and life.