维生素D受体基因多态性与妊娠期糖尿病关系的病例对照研究

目的 探讨维生素D受体（VDR）基因多态性与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）之间的关系,为GDM的机制研究提供线索与依据。方法 采用病例对照研究设计,以2012年3月1日至2014年7月30日在山西医科大学第一医院产科分娩的孕妇为研究对象,其中334例被诊断为GDM,按年龄、妊娠时间及居住地1∶1匹配相应健康对照。对研究对象进行DNA基因分型,剔除基因分型缺失率>10%者,最终323例病例和320例对照纳入研究。在共显性、显性、隐性和等位基因遗传模型下,通过非条件logistic回归分析VDR基因位点多态性和GDM之间的关系,并采用Haploview软件分析单倍型与GDM之间的关系。结果 在基因水平上,VDR基因与GDM发病风险有关（P<0.05）。在调整孕前BMI、糖尿病家族史后,rs7967152位点在共显性（AC vs. AA,OR=1.58,95%CI：1.13~2.21）、显性（AC+CC vs. AA,OR=1.58,95%CI：1.15~2.18）和等位基因（C vs. A,OR=1.41,95%CI：1.10~1.82）遗传模型下与GDM风险升高有关;rs2238140位点在共显性（AA vs. GG,OR=2.24,95%CI：1.19~4.20）、显性（GA+AA vs. GG,OR=1.48,95%CI：1.07~2.03）和等位基因（A vs. G,OR=1.43,95%CI：1.11~1.83）遗传模型下与GDM风险升高有关。在共显性和显性遗传模型下,孕妇携带rs2853564位点AG基因型、AG+GG基因型（OR=1.46,95%CI：1.04~2.05;OR=1.45,95%CI：1.05~2.00）与携带AA基因型相比,是GDM的危险因素;孕妇携带rs2853566位点AG基因型、AG+GG基因型（OR=1.43,95%CI：1.03~2.00;OR=1.41,95%CI：1.02~1.94）与携带AA基因型相比,是GDM的危险因素。在VDR基因内由rs1544410、rs7967152组成的单倍型区块,其GC单倍型与是GDM的危险因素（OR=1.50,95%CI：1.15~1.97）。结论 VDR基因rs7967152、rs2238140、rs2853564、rs2853566位点多态性和区块（rs1544410、rs7967152）GC单倍型与GDM的发病风险升高有关。     

中国农村地区现在吸烟者戒烟意愿及其影响因素研究

目的 了解中国农村地区现在吸烟者戒烟意愿,探索其影响因素,为控烟工作提供参考。方法 本研究数据来源于2018年中国慢性病及危险因素监测,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法抽取184 509名≥18岁居民,其中10 241名农村现在吸烟者纳入研究。采用χ²/F检验对戒烟意愿与人口学信息、烟草使用情况、烟草相关危害知识的认知、慢性病患病情况等因素进行单因素分析,多因素分析采用非条件多因素logistic回归分析。结果 3 453名（37.46%）考虑在未来12个月内戒烟。logistic回归分析显示,偶尔吸烟者的戒烟意愿高于每天吸烟者（OR=0.693,95%CI：0.494~0.971）,每天吸烟量<1包者的戒烟意愿高于≥1包者（OR=0.628,95%CI：0.511~0.771）,12个月内有戒烟经历者的戒烟意愿高于12个月内未戒过烟的现在吸烟者（OR=0.438,95%CI：0.357~0.537）,烟草危害认知程度高者戒烟意愿更高（OR=1.056,95%CI：1.028~1.086）,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 中国农村地区现在吸烟者戒烟意愿与吸烟状况、吸烟量、戒烟情况、烟草危害认知有关。建议加强对农村地区的健康教育宣传,提供简短的戒烟干预,提高农村现在吸烟者的戒烟意愿。     

Long-term persistent immunogenicity after successful standard and triple-dosed hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients: A 3-year follow-up study in China

BackgroundAlthough the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccines among hemodialysis patients has been documented, the long-term persistence of immunogenicity in this population remains largely unknown. We explored the long-term persistence of immunogenicity induced by different hepatitis B vaccine regimens in hemodialysis patients.MethodsIn initial study, we conducted a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial among hemodialysis patients in 13 hospitals in Shanxi Province, China. A total of 352 hemodialysis patients were allocated to receive 3-dose 20 μg (IM20 group) and 3-dose 60 μg (IM60 group) recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at months 0, 1, and 6. Vaccine-induced immune responses were measured at month 7. In this study, the responders (anti-HBs ≥ 10 mIU/mL) were followed up at months 18, 24, 30, 36 and 42, respectively. We used the generalized log-rank test and generalized estimating equations (GEE) to analyze the long-term durability of responses and the kinetics of anti-HBs levels, respectively.ResultsA total of 284 patients were involved in the extended follow-up period. The duration of vaccine-induced response with 75% of patients maintained protective antibody were 12 months and 18 months in the IM20 group and IM60 group, respectively (P = 0.291). The long-term persistent immunogenicity induced by 3-dose 60 μg was more satisfactory than that by 3-dose 20 μg hepatitis B vaccine in patients with hemodialysis duration ≥ five years (P = 0.023). The peak anti-HBs levels in 100–1000 mIU/mL or ≥ 1000 mIU/mL were more likely to maintain long-term protective antibody compared to anti-HBs levels in 10–100 mIU/mL (P ＜ 0.05). The kinetic profile was similar between the two groups (P = 0.334).ConclusionHigh-dose 60 μg hepatitis B vaccine could lead a satisfactory long-term durability of immunogenicity among patients with hemodialysis duration of five years or more. Peak anti-HBs level after vaccination was associated with the long-term persistence of immunogenicity.     

基于UHPLC-QqQ-MS的四逆散水提液中16种主要化学成分的定量研究

目的 建立同时测定四逆散水提液中16种化学成分含量的方法。方法 应用UHPLC-QqQ-MS技术,采用负离子模式进行扫描,以MRM配对离子方式进行定量。结果 柴胡皂苷A、柴胡皂苷B₂、柴胡皂苷C、柴胡皂苷D、橙皮素、儿茶素、甘草苷、甘草酸、甘草素、绿原酸、没食子酸、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、异甘草素、异绿原酸A、橙皮苷在负离子模式下响应良好。结论 本实验所建立的同时测定四逆散水提液中16种化学成分含量的分析方法专属性强、快速、灵敏且准确可靠,在完成含量测定的同时又可以准确给出化合物质量数信息,从而达到成分鉴别的效果,该方法可以为四逆散水提液的全面质量控制提供技术支持。      

右美托咪定靶控输注在冠状动脉搭桥术中的作用

【摘要】 目的 研究右美托咪定靶控输注在冠状动脉搭桥术 (CABG) 中的作用。方法 纳入2015年1 月~2017年10月于我院行CABG治疗的94例冠心病患者,数字法随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各47例。两组均采用常规气管插管全麻,观察组在此基础上进行右美托咪定靶控输注,对照组输注等量生理盐水。将麻醉诱导前、麻醉后、插管前、插管后及插管后5min设为T0、T1、T2、T3、T4,比较各时间点两组动脉舒张压（DBP）、收缩压（SBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、HR与SBP乘积（RPP）以及手术时间、拔管时间、苏醒时间。结果 两组T0、T1、T2 HR、RPP比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞005）,T3、T4观察组HR低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）; 两组T0、T1、T2DBP、SBP、MAP比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞005）,T3、T4观察组DBP、SBP、MAP均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）;两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）;观察组苏醒时间、拔管时间低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）。结论 冠心病冠状动脉搭桥术治疗运用右美托咪定靶控输注能够降低插管后血压与心率,即减轻气管插管时心血管反应及心肌耗氧。     

士兵乐观品格和团队认同及工作倦怠之间的关系

目的 考察士兵乐观品格、团队认同及工作倦怠之间的关系.方法 采用路径分析的方法对某陆军部队的872名士兵进行研究.结果 结果显示:①士兵乐观品格对其团队认同有正向作用(B=0.432,P＜0.001).②团队认同对士兵工作倦怠总分及其各维度有负向作用(成就感低:B=-0.402；情绪耗竭:B=-0.194；玩世不恭:B=-0.261；工作倦怠总分:B=-0.286).结论 具有乐观品格的士兵拥有更高的团队认同感,更不容易产生工作倦怠的症状.     

Tri-allelic patterns of STRs and partially homologous non-sister chromatid crossover observed in a parentage test

A maternity testing case is reported, in which the child showed tri-allelic patterns in two short tandem repeat (STR) loci. The genotypes of Penta D of the mother and the child were 9,13 and 9,10,13, respectively. Those of D21S11 were 32.2,35 and 29,35, respectively, but intensity ratio of alleles 29 and 35 of the child was 1:2. These results suggested the copy number variations (CNVs) or trisomy of chromosome 21. By further examination using STR-based chromosome aneuploidy detection kit, three alleles were detected in D21S1411, LFG21 and Penta D, and 2 alleles with intensity ratio of 1:2 were observed in D21S2502, D21S1435, D21S11 and D21S1246. Karyotype and whole-genome SNP array analyses showed that the child had a free trisomy 21. In addition, partially homologous non-sister chromatid crossover occurred at the region 19181770-39499178 on the long arm of chromosome 21.