Effects of different surgical procedures for meniscus injury on two-year clinical and radiological outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. -TMDU MAKS study

BackgroundThe treatment of meniscus injuries combined with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction would be important to improve outcomes after ACL reconstruction. However, the effects of treatment methods for meniscus after ACL reconstruction have not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of treatment methods for meniscus on clinical and radiological outcomes at 2 years after ACL reconstruction.MethodsThree-hundred and eighteen patients with primary ACL reconstruction using autologous hamstring tendon registered in our multicenter study database and who were followed up for 2 years were included. They were then divided into 3 groups, the no meniscal lesion/untreated group (n = 149), the meniscal repair group (n = 139), and the meniscal resection group (n = 30). Patient-based subjective evaluations (Lysholm score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score and International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score), objective evaluations (Lachman test, pivot shift test and KT measurement), and radiological measurements (medial and lateral joint space width) were compared among the 3 groups preoperatively and at 2 years follow-up.ResultsAll subjective scores and objective evaluations significantly improved in all groups without significant differences among the groups postoperatively. Regarding radiological findings, the medial joint space width significantly decreased only in the resection group during the 2-year period, and the medial joint space width in the resection group was significantly smaller than that of the other groups at the 2-year follow-up. Moreover, the medial joint space width significantly decreased during the 2-year period when MM was resected.ConclusionsIn radiological findings, medial meniscus resection decreased medial joint space width two years after ACL reconstruction. On the other hand, treatment methods for meniscus neither significantly affected subjective nor objective findings until the 2-year follow-up.Level of evidenceⅡ, Cohort study.     

Ischemic–hypoxic mechanisms leading to hippocampal dysfunction as a consequence of status epilepticus

Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the recognized primary precipitating events that can lead to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) associated with hippocampal sclerosis. This type of epilepsy is characterized by poor response to drug treatment, often requiring surgical intervention to remove the mesial temporal regions involved in the seizure onset. However, even neurosurgery may not be completely successful. Thus, the prevention of hippocampal damage and epileptogenesis is currently evaluated as a possible alternative therapeutic approach to prevent the development of pharmacoresistant TLE. Lines of evidence suggest that ischemic–hypoxic lesions might occur in different brain regions, including the hippocampus, during SE. Especially in the hippocampal CA3 region, an ischemic-like lesion develops in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare and is mainly characterized by a loss of astrocytes and neuronal processes and increased immunostaining of pimonidazole which probes areas exposed to hypoxia. Interestingly, these mechanisms can contribute to neuronal cell loss and may be counteracted by drugs that can afford vascular protection, as in the case of ligands of the ghrelin receptor. Notably, some of the ghrelin receptor ligands possess a double edge effect, since they are anticonvulsant and vascular-protective, thus, potentially representing new tools to counteract the consequences of SE.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “Status Epilepticus”.     

黄芪总皂苷对脂多糖诱导的BV2小胶质细胞的抗炎机制

目的:探讨黄芪总皂苷(TAS)对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的BV2小胶质细胞炎症损伤的抗炎作用机制.方法:用CCK-8法筛选出对细胞活力无抑制的药物浓度;用浓度为1 mg/L的LPS刺激BV2细胞24 h,建立细胞炎症模型;实验分为正常组、LPS组、高剂量(75 mg/L)TAS组和低剂量(50 mg/L)TAS组;应用流式...     

远志叶绿体基因组序列特征与系统发育分析

目的 解析远志Polygalatenuifolia叶绿体基因组信息序列特征和确定其在远志属的系统位置。方法 获得远志叶绿体基因组序列,借助Ge Seq、Chloroplot、MISA、REPute、Tandem repeats finder、CodonW、Geneious、IRscope、MAFFT7和IQtree2.0.5等生物信息学工具进行序列分析、密码子偏好分析、远志属基因组比较分析和系统发育研究。结果 远志的叶绿体基因组全长165 423 bp,为典型的环状四段式结构;包括1个大单拷贝区（large single copy,LSC;83 699 bp）,1个小单拷贝区（small single copy,SSC;8044 bp）和1对反向重复区（inverted repeats,IRs;36 840 bp）,该基因组共注释到135个基因,包括8个rRNA基因、38个tRNA基因和89个蛋白编码基因。该基因组中共检测到161个SSR位点,223条散在重复序列,90条串联重复序列;亮氨酸（Leu）是远志叶绿体基因组中使用次数最高的氨基酸（10.21%）,同义密码子相对使用频次（RS...     

润目灵护眼液治疗苯扎氯铵诱导的干眼症及其作用机制研究

目的 探究润目灵护眼液经超声雾化机雾化后对过度蒸发性干眼症的治疗效果及作用机制。方法 16只新西兰兔随机分为空白对照组、模型组、原方组和考察组,每组4只,采用苯扎氯铵滴眼法诱导过度蒸发性兔干眼症模型,经超声雾化机给予润目灵护眼液,通过检测兔眼泪液的分泌量、泪膜的破裂时间和角膜的荧光染色,以评价润目灵组方对兔干眼症模型的干预作用。免疫荧光染色法检测兔眼结膜黏蛋白-5亚型AC(MUC5AC)的表达情况;在光学显微镜下观察兔眼角膜和结膜的病理情况;ELISA法检测兔眼泪腺和房水中TNF-α和IL-6的含量。Western blot法检测兔眼角膜中JNK/P38通路以及MMP-9和MUC5AC蛋白的表达水平,以评价润目灵护眼液对兔干眼症模型的治疗作用。结果 经HPLC测定,原方组中绿原酸、金丝桃苷、木犀草苷的浓度分别为0.123 63、0.017 25、0.095 83 mg·mL^-1。通过优化提取工艺,考察组中绿原酸、金丝桃苷、木犀草苷的含量显著提升,浓度分别为0.225 18、0.042 11、0.183 10 mg·mL^-1。与模型组相比,原方...     

靶向DNA损伤应答关键分子在肿瘤放疗增敏中的应用

放射治疗是临床肿瘤治疗的重要手段,主要通过破坏DNA双链对肿瘤细胞造成严重损伤。然而,其作为单一的治疗手段,治疗效果受肿瘤细胞固有DNA损伤修复能力的影响。多项研究表明,靶向调节DNA损伤响应关键分子可以有效抑制DNA损伤修复,协同增强放化疗敏感性。本文对一些关键的DNA损伤响应抑制剂联合放疗、化疗在多种肿瘤治疗中的应用进行了总结,并阐述了联合治疗诱导由环鸟嘌呤核苷酸腺嘌呤核苷酸合成酶-干扰素基因刺激因子介导的免疫反应。最后总结和展望了联合治疗存在的挑战和发展前景。     

基于注意力机制和Pix2Pix网络的术后角膜地形图生成

目的:探索使用注意力机制和Pix2Pix生成对抗网络预测年龄相关性白内障患者术中行飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术后角膜地形图。方法:回顾性病例系列研究。选取2018-03/2020-03山西省眼科医院年龄相关性白内障患者术中行飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术患者87例105眼。收集患者术前及术后角膜地形图210张分为训练集(180张)、测试集(30张)用于模型训练和测试。采用峰值信噪比(PSNR)、结构相似性(SSIM)、Alpins散光矢量分析,比较不同注意力机制下术后角膜地形图预测结果的准确性。结果:基于注意力机制和Pix2Pix网络可以预测术后角膜地形图,其中基于Self-Attention注意力机制的模型预测效果最好,PSNR和SSIM达到了16.048、0.7661。真实的和生成的角膜地形图在3mm和5mm环上的误差矢量,误差矢量轴位,术源性散光和矫正比比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:基于Self-Attention注意力机制和Pix2Pix网络可以对术后角膜地形图做到良好的预测,可以为眼科临床医生的手术规划和术后效果提供参考。     

Fluorescent PEI@Pd nanoclusters: facile synthesis and application

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as a novel class of luminescent nanomaterials and held significant potential in analytical chemistry. In this work, novel polyethyleneimine stabilized palladium nanoclusters (PEI–Pd NCs) were synthesized by chemical reduction at 60 °C for 6 h, and used as a fluorescent nanosensor for the detection of oxytetracycline (OTC). The spectral characteristics, surface structure and morphology of the Pd NCs were studied. The selectivity and stability of the nanosensor were also investigated. The experimental results showed that the Pd NCs had good biocompatibility, stability and photobleaching resistance in aqueous solution. The fluorescence quenching effect showed a good linear relationship with the degree of fluorescence quenching of Pd NCs and OTC in the range of 25–440 nM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) of the proposed nanosensor for OTC was calculated to be 22 nM. The mechanism of determination was thought to be an inner filter effect (IFE) between OTC and Pd NCs. Based on this, we have established a new nanosensing analysis method for detecting OTC.

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as a novel class of luminescent nanomaterials and held significant potential in analytical chemistry.     

SIRT6对老年人皮肤成纤维细胞迁移能力和增殖能力的影响及机制研究

目的 探讨沉默信息调节因子2同源类似物6（SIRT6）对老年人皮肤成纤维细胞迁移能力和增殖能力的影响及机制。方法 在山西医科大学第二附属医院泌尿外科取不同年龄患者包皮环切术切取的包皮组织,其中老年组8例,青年组8例。用胶原酶消化法提取人皮肤成纤维细胞,Western印迹法检测不同年龄组人皮肤成纤维细胞中SIRT6和磷酸化p65蛋白（p-p65）的表达,划痕实验检测细胞迁移活性,CCK8法检测细胞增殖活性。将老年组皮肤成纤维细胞分成两组,一组用SIRT6慢病毒感染使其SIRT6表达增高作为SIRT6组,另一组以空病毒感染作为对照组,用上述方法分别检测SIRT6组和对照组细胞迁移活性、增殖活性和p-p65蛋白表达水平,实时PCR检测两组Ⅰ型和Ⅲ胶原蛋白、整合素亚基α3、α5和β1 mRNA的表达。采用GraphPad Prism 5软件进行统计学分析,t检验分析两组之间数据的差异。结果 老年组皮肤成纤维细胞SIRT6表达水平（0.434 ± 0.179）显著低于青年组（1.000 ± 0.067,t = 3.040,P = 0.012）,p-p65表达水平（1.694 ± 0.148）显著高于青年组（1.000 ± 0.093, t = 2.949,P = 0.015）,迁移率（43.81% ± 18.84%）显著低于青年组（94.63% ± 12.32%,t = 5.903,P = 0.003）,24、48 h增殖活性也较青年组显著下降（P < 0.05）。老年组成纤维细胞过表达SIRT6后,与对照组相比,p-p65表达显著下降（P < 0.05）,迁移能力和增殖能力显著提高（P < 0.05）,同时Ⅲ胶原蛋白和整合素亚基α3、α5和β1的mRNA表达水平显著升高（P < 0.05）。结论 SIRT6可提高老年人成纤维细胞的迁移能力和增殖能力,其机制可能与抑制NF-κB通路有关。     

社会化标注系统中不同主题资源的用户标注行为差异分析

采用自主研发的软件抓取豆瓣网用户对互联网、健康、心理学等主题资源的标注标签数据,利用标签类型比率量化指标、统计描述法和差异分析法从7方面分别进行系统性分析,结果显示不同主题资源在语言类型、标注倾向和词来源3个方面对用户标注行为产生显著影响。