Pyogenic spondylitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis in a patient with nasopharyngeal cancer

In the treatment of head and neck cancer, radiation therapy is an effective modality and is often used in routine clinical practice. Although rare, pyogenic spondylitis has been reported as a complication of radiation therapy. Here, we report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma resulting in pyogenic spondylitis from a catheter-related bloodstream infection after chemoradiotherapy. The initial symptoms were fever and posterior cervical pain. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis was detected in blood cultures. Magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal enhancement of the C6 and C7 vertebrae and an anterior epidural abscess. The infection was successfully treated with antibacterial therapy.     

Long-term use of tedizolid for pulmonary nocardiosis

Nocardiosis usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and causes infections in various organs, including the lungs, skin, and organs of the central nervous system. Herein, we report the case of a patient with minimal change nephrotic syndrome who had been on immunosuppressive drugs and developed pulmonary nocardiosis due to Nocardia nova complex and Pneumocystis pneumonia. For pulmonary nocardiosis, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, linezolid, and clarithromycin were initiated sequentially, but were subsequently discontinued due to side effects; the treatment was completed with tedizolid. Tedizolid was used safely for 200 out of 286 days of antibiotic treatment, and clinical improvement was observed. Tedizolid is a bacteriostatic oxazolidine antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, the same mechanism as its predecessor, linezolid. Tedizolid is thought to cause less frequent myelosuppression than linezolid, at least for short-term use. In the future, tedizolid may be a promising alternative to linezolid in cases of nocardiosis that usually require long-term treatment.     

乌司他丁经p38MAPK通路对脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤影响的研究

目的研究乌司他丁（UTI）经p38MAPK通路对脓毒症大鼠急性肾损伤（AKI）的影响。 方法采用脂多糖（LPS）诱导脓毒症AKI大鼠模型,将32只SD大鼠随机分为4组,空白对照组、脂多糖组（LPS组）、乌司他丁处理组（LPS+UTI组）、p38MAPK阻断剂干预组（LPS+SB组）,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测肾组织中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和转化生长因子（TGF-β1）的表达,采用蛋白质免疫印迹试验（Western Blotting）检测肾组织中磷酸化p38MAPK蛋白的表达,并在光镜和电镜下观察肾小球及肾小管的变化。 结果与空白对照组相比,LPS组光镜下肾小球充血肿胀,肾球囊扩张,近曲肾小管上皮细胞肿胀明显,细胞核淡染,部分出现核浓缩、破碎甚至溶解现象,肾间质充血、水肿、大量炎性细胞浸润;电镜下肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞窗孔消失或闭塞,基底膜部分断裂消失,足细胞足突广泛融合消失,近曲肾小管上皮细胞质内线粒体排列紊乱,结构模糊,高度肿胀,有空泡样现象;均提示脓毒症肾损伤严重,且肾组织TNF-α、TGF-β1和p38MAPK蛋白的表达明显升高。与LPS组相比,LPS+UTI组肾组织TNF-α、TGF-β1和p38MAPK蛋白的表达均较LPS组下降［TNF-α（pg/ml）：4915.00±267.06 vs 8836.00±739.51;TGF-β1（pg/ml）：257.71±23.88 vs 354.39±29.44;p-p38MAPK/β-actin：0.158±0.022 vs 0.300±0.044,均P＜0.05］,LPS+SB组肾组织中TNF-α、TGF-β1和p38MAPK蛋白的表达较LPS组均下降［TNF-α（pg/ml）：4856.75±167.23 vs 8836.00±739.51;TGF-β1（pg/ml）：249.56±23.42 vs 354.39±29.44;p-p38MAPK/β-actin：0.136±0.017 vs 0.300±0.044,均P＜0.05］,但LPS+UTI组与LPS+SB组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论乌司他丁对脓毒症急性肾损伤有保护作用,且可能是通过抑制TGF-β1/p38MAPK信号转导通路来实现的。     

迷走神经刺激术对癫痫病人心率变异性影响的Meta分析

目的系统评价迷走神经刺激术对癫痫病人心率变异性的影响。方法以“epilepsy”“vagal nerve stimulation”“heart rate variability”和“癫痫”“迷走神经刺激术”“心率变异性”等为检索词,检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台、Clinical Trials.gov、EMbase、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Knowledge、FDA.gov等收录的相关研究,采用心率变异性的低频部分(LF)及高频部分(HF)作为评价指标,采用Newcastle-Ottawa Scale进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3进行Meta分析。结果纳入9篇文献,共122例施行迷走神经刺激术的癫痫病人。Meta分析结果显示,癫痫病人迷走神经刺激术前后LF值[SMD=-0.06,95%CI(-0.45,0.33),P=0.77]和HF值[SMD=-0.05,95%CI(-0.31,0.20),P=0.68]比较差异均无统计学意义。结论迷走神经刺激术前后癫痫病人的心率变异性无显著变化。     

参松养心胶囊对大鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流和瞬时外向钾电流的抑制作用

目的:研究参松养心胶囊对大鼠心室肌细胞L型钙电流(ICa-L)和瞬时外向钾电流(Ito)的抑制作用。方法:20只SD大鼠随机均分为对照(等容生理盐水)组与参松养心胶囊(0.5 g/kg)组,灌胃给药,每天1次,连续2周。采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录大鼠心室肌细胞的ICa-L与Ito。结果:与对照组比较,参松养心胶囊组大鼠ICa-L电流密度降低,峰值降低,ICa-L电流-电压(I-V)曲线上移,Ito电流密度降低,峰值降低,ItoI-V曲线下移。结论 :参松养心胶囊可抑制大鼠心室肌ICa-L与Ito,可能是其抗心律失常的重要机制。     

A dual-mode nanoparticle based on natural biomaterials for photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging of bone mesenchymal stem cells in vivo

Stem cell imaging in vivo is critical to elucidate the homing, distribution, survival, and repair mechanisms and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of engrafted stem cells. Unfortunately, unimodal imaging of stem cells does not simultaneously satisfy all current requirements owing to their intrinsic limitations. Obviously, bimodal or multimodal imaging of stem cells is a promising strategy for circumventing this issue. This study aimed to design and synthesize a novel dual-modal polyethylene glycol-modified magnetic nanoparticle (Fe³⁺-PEG-MNP) based on natural biomaterials including melanin and Fe ions for photoacoustic (PA) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of stem cells in vivo. The Fe³⁺-PEG-MNPs were characterized and their PA/MR imaging capability and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) labeled with Fe³⁺-PEG-MNPs were subjected to PA and MR imaging in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, Fe³⁺-PEG-MNPs displayed many superior properties, including ultra-small particle size, higher stability, water solubility, easy labeling of cells, lower cytotoxicity, high biosafety, excellent capability of PA/MR imaging, high sensitivity and long-term monitoring in vitro and in vivo. In particular, PA and MR signals of labeled BM-MSCs were maintained for at least 35 and 28 d, respectively, in vivo. Therefore, Fe³⁺-PEG-MNPs are ideal dual-modal PA/MR nanoparticles for non-invasive and effective monitoring of engrafted stem cells in vivo.

Stem cell imaging in vivo is critical to elucidate the homing, distribution, survival, and repair mechanisms and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of engrafted stem cells.     

中介素通过激活AMPK信号通路对脂多糖诱导巨噬细胞极化的影响

目的探讨中介素(intermedin,IMD)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞系RAW 264.7极化的影响及其作用机制。方法RAW 264.7细胞随机分为对照组、LPS组、LPS+IMD组、LPS+IMD+CC(AMPK抑制剂Compound C)组。Real time-PCR法检测TNF-α、CD86、iNOS、Arg^-1、CD206 mRNA表达,Western blot法检测p-AMPK、AMPK、TNF-α、IL-6和IL^-10蛋白表达,流式细胞术检测巨噬细胞亚型,ELISA法检测培养基上清IL-6和TNF-α浓度。结果与对照组及LPS组比较,IMD处理可增加AMPK磷酸化水平,增加p-AMPK/AMPK比值;与对照组相比,LPS诱导可导致巨噬细胞发生M1极化,M1型标志分子CD86、TNF-α及iNOS mRNA表达升高,M2型标志分子CD206、Arg^-1 mRNA表达降低,上调促炎因子TNF-α、IL-6表达,降低抑炎因子IL^-10表达,使M1型细胞数量增加,细胞上清中TNF-α、IL-6分泌增加;而IMD处理可抑制LPS诱导的M1极化,AMPK抑制剂Compound C组处理可在一定程度上拮抗这一作用。结论IMD通过激活AMPK信号通路抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞M1型极化。     

阴囊神经鞘瘤1例报道并文献复习

目的探讨阴囊神经鞘瘤的疾病特点,提高对阴囊神经鞘瘤的临床诊治水平。方法对1例阴囊神经鞘瘤病例进行报道,并结合文献报道的7例资料进行分析总结。结果 8例中,良性神经鞘瘤4例,平均直径6.5cm,平均病程4.4年,年龄34～48岁,平均年龄38.4岁,超声检查提示肿瘤与周围组织界限清楚;1例合并阴茎癌良性神经鞘瘤,患者年龄78岁;3例恶性神经鞘瘤平均直径12.6cm,平均病程2.2年,平均年龄75岁,超声检查提示肿瘤边界不清,内部回声不均。结论阴囊神经鞘瘤极为罕见,目前确诊依赖于术后病理检查。对于阴囊肿瘤应尽早手术切除,手术是目前治疗的有效方法,以避免恶性肿瘤的诊治延误。     

Roy适应模式在提高乳腺癌病人生存质量中的应用

[目的]探讨应用Roy适应模式对乳腺癌病人生存质量的影响。[方法]将确诊的60例乳腺癌病人随机分组,对照组按照乳腺癌病人护理常规进行护理,观察组在常规护理基础上应用Roy适应模式进行护理干预,采用乳腺癌生存质量测评量表分别于干预前、干预7d后对两组病人生存质量状况进行评分。[结果]干预前两组病人生存质量评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组病人生存质量评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]应用Roy适应模式对乳腺癌病人进行护理可有效提高病人生存质量。     

纳米氧化锌对口腔科磷酸锌水门汀粘接剂结构影响的扫描电镜观察

目的通过扫描电镜形态学观察,探讨纳米氧化锌对磷酸锌水门汀结构的影响。方法用磷酸锌水门汀、1%和3%纳米复合磷酸锌水门汀各粘接3对镍铬合金试件,并用扫描电镜对粘接标本的横断粘接界面进行观察。结果纳米氧化锌含量为1%的复合磷酸锌水门汀组粘接剂内部结构致密,界面适合性较好;磷酸锌水门汀组和纳米氧化锌含量为3%的复合磷酸锌水门汀组粘接剂内部缺陷较多,结构疏松,界面适合性差。结论适当的纳米氧化锌含量可以改善传统磷酸锌水门汀粘接剂的内部结构。