恩丹西酮预防椎管内阻滞后寒战的效果

①目的观察麻醉前静脉注射恩丹西酮预防椎管内阻滞后寒战的效果和对腋温的影响.②方法选择腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉下行经腹全子宫切除术病人160例,随机分为两组,实验组(n=80)麻醉前静脉注射恩丹西酮8mg;对照组(n=80)麻醉前静脉注射生理盐水4mL,观察两组术中平均动脉压、心率、腋温变化和寒战发生情况.③结果实验组8例出现寒战(10.0%),对照组26例出现寒战(32.5%),两组比较差异有显著性(x2=7.05,P＜0.01).两组平均动脉压、心率、腋温变化差异无显著性(t=0.14～1.71,P均＞0.05).④结论恩丹西酮可预防椎管内阻滞后寒战的发生,但对腋温无影响.     

睫状神经营养因子对应激大鼠体质量的影响及其机制探讨

①目的　探讨睫状神经营养因子 (CNTF)对躯体性和心理性应激大鼠体质量的影响及其与下丘脑促肾上腺皮质素释放激素 (CRH)含量的关系。②方法　建立应激大鼠动物模型 ,应用鼠脑立体定向方法 ,在应激前给予大鼠双侧海马微量注射CNTF ,称量大鼠应激前后的体质量变化 ,并用放射免疫分析法测定大鼠下丘脑CRH含量的变化。③结果　在应激前及应激期间给予双侧海马微量注射CNTF ,可以有效改善应激引起的大鼠体质量的下降 (t=2 .16 3.86 ,P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 1) ,改善应激引起的下丘脑CRH含量的升高 (t=3.0 5 4.0 3,P <0 .0 1)。④结论　CNTF可以改善应激对大鼠生长的损害 ,其机制可能与CNTF降低应激大鼠下丘脑CRH的含量有关。     

Comparison of efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and PDE5Is alone or combination in treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

The meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) alone or combination in treating patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). We performed a search of randomised controlled trials in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Four articles including 373 patients were studied. Erectile functions were significantly improved in three therapy groups compared with baseline. Patients who received the combination of L-arginine and PDE5Is showed significant improvement compared to those treated with L-arginine and PDE5Is alone, as assessed by sexual function index (p <0.00001 and p =0.005, respectively) and total testosterone (p <0.00001 and p =0.0007, respectively). Furthermore, patients who treated with PDE5Is alone exhibited the better efficacy than those treated with L-arginine alone in respects of sexual function index (p <0.00001) and total testosterone (p =0.0001). However, the combination of L-arginine and PDE5Is had no obvious difference relative to PDE5Is alone in terms of various adverse events (AEs). Conclusively, compared with monotherapy, the combination of L-arginine and PDE5Is showed a greater improvement of sexual function and total testosterone, and did not significantly increase the AEs. Besides, PDE5Is alone revealed a better effect than those treated with L-arginine alone for patients with ED.     

Analysis of pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo as treatment of erectile dysfunction with network pharmacology-based strategy

Erectile dysfunction is considered an important health problem that impacts the quality of life of men. Yinyanghuo, also called Epimedium or Horny Goat Weed, is a frequently used Chinese traditional herbal medicine, commonly used in treating erectile dysfunction in China. A network pharmacology method was performed systematically, at a molecular level, to analyse the pharmacological mechanism of Yinyanghuo as erectile dysfunction therapy. The network pharmacology method used in this study primarily includes prescreening of the active compounds, prediction of targets, network analysis and gene enrichment analysis. This network analysis proved that 4 targets (AR, NR3C2, PDE5A and BMP2) could be the targets of Yinyanghuo therapy on erectile dysfunction. Besides, gene enrichment analysis predicted that Yinyanghuo might have a role in erectile dysfunction by regulating 10 molecular functions, 8 cellular components, 10 biological processes and 36 possible targets related to 10 signalling pathways. Our study demonstrated the molecular and pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo against erectile dysfunction with a holistic approach and demonstrated a powerful method for analysing pharmacological mechanisms and rational utilisation of Traditional Chinese Medicine clinically.     

稀释法自体输血在喉癌手术中的应用

目的：探讨稀释法自体输血在喉癌手术中的应用价值。方法：对３０例Ⅲ、Ⅳ期喉癌患者采用稀释法自体输血（稀释组）,仅在术中失血过多时,再输入适量异体血;将３０例病情及手术方法与稀释组一致的喉癌患者为对照组,不采用稀释法自体输血,有输血指征时输入异体血。结果：稀释组中仅８例需输入异体血,对照组中１９例需输入异体血,差异有极显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）;两组均无并发症发生（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：稀释法自体输血     

耳源性脑脓肿105例临床分析

目的 本文的目的为探讨耳源性脑脓肿的发生、诊断和治疗。方法 对1952～2002年治疗的105例耳源性脑脓肿患者(颞叶66例,小脑38例),对疾病的发生、诊断和治疗方式进行回顾性分析,特别是手术所见、诊断方法、治疗方法和结果。结果本组中发病年龄主要在10～30岁,10岁以内和更高的年龄组较少见。头痛(99.05％)、淡漠和昏迷(91.43％)是较常见的症状。105例中神经系统检查异常者78例。23例经CT诊断。经乳突腔穿刺抽脓者63例,外科钻颅穿刺抽脓26例,脓肿切除17例。死亡15例,其中66例颞叶脓肿中11例死亡,38例小脑脓肿中3例,脓肿部位不明者1例。结论 正确掌握经乳突腔穿刺抽脓的适应证对耳源性脑脓肿的治疗十分重要。颅骨钻孔穿刺引流和脑室引流是脑疝的有效的紧急处理措施。自CT用于耳源性脑脓肿的诊断和随访以来,死亡率明显下降。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病血浆Th2 源细胞因子水平的研究

目的　研究新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE)患儿辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群 2 (Th2 )细胞功能变化及其与HIE间的关系。　方法　采用ELISA法和单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光法 ,检测 4 6例HIE患儿不同病期血浆和外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)体外分别产生白细胞介素 (IL) 6、IL 8、IL 10水平和T细胞IL 2受体 (IL 2R)表达率 ,并与正常足月新生儿脐血 (2 0例 )进行对照。　结果　HIE病程第 1天血浆及PBMC体外产生IL 6 [分别为 6 6 .3、80 4 .5ng L(中位数 ,以下同 ) ]、IL 8(4 10 .5、1983.6ng L)和IL 10 (2 7.9、14 0 .1ng L) ,明显高于正常脐血对照组 (分别为 1.9、187.7;91.0、76 6 .8;2 .6、16 .4ng L) (Z =4 .6 5 3～ 5 .85 6 ,P <0 .0 1) ;中重度组及并发多器官功能损害 (MOD)的HIE患儿血浆及PBMC体外产生IL 6 (分别为 86 .0、12 36 .4 ;111.3、174 6 .9ng L)、IL 8(分别为5 79.5、2 812 .2 ;5 32 .8、2 94 3.3ng L) ,分别高于轻度组 (分别为 5 2 .6、5 83.4 ;335 .3、15 2 8.9ng L)及无MOD组 (分别为 5 6 .6、713.8;35 2 .4、15 72 .4ng L)患儿 (Z =2 .2 2 8～ 2 .70 1,P <0 .0 5 ;Z =2 .877～4 .187,P <0 .0 1) ,而IL 10差异无显著性 (Z =0 .4 5 0～ 1.85 0 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;T细胞IL 2R表达率 [(5 2 .8± 13.4 ) % ]明显     

葡萄胎p53、p21~(CIP1)及p185蛋白表达与恶变的关系

目的 :探讨葡萄胎p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白表达与恶变的关系及其临床特点。方法 :免疫组化法检测葡萄胎标本中p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白的表达 ,以侵蚀性葡萄胎及绒癌为对照 ,并回顾性分析其临床资料。结果 :葡萄胎组p5 3、p2 1CIP1、p185蛋白阳性表达率分别为 35 % (35 / 10 0 ) ,71% (71/ 10 0 )及 36 % (36 / 10 0 ) ,与恶性对照组相比均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而完全性与部分性葡萄胎 ,完全性葡萄胎恶变组与非恶变组之间差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但恶变组p2 1CIP1表达有降低趋势。结论 :p5 3、p2 1CIP1及p185蛋白表达改变与葡萄胎恶变无确定关系 ,但可作为晚期现象出现于恶性滋养细胞肿瘤中 ,其中p2 1CIP1蛋白表达降低提示滋养细胞有向恶性转化的倾向     

上皮性卵巢肿瘤组织中端粒酶活性的表达及与临床病理因素相关性研究

目的:探讨端粒酶在卵巢癌发 生和发展中的作用,及端粒酶活性与临 床病理因素的相关性。方法:应用端粒 重复序列扩增技术(TRAP)检测45例卵 巢上皮性肿瘤及9例正常卵巢组织端粒 酶活性。结果:端粒酶阳性检出率在恶 性和交界性卵巢肿瘤组中分别为 83.33%(25/30)和5/7,差异无统计学意 义,P=0.5963;良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤及 正常卵巢上皮组织中未检测到端粒酶活 性,与前两组之间均差异有统计学意义 P<0.01。端粒酶的表达与临床病理因 素无明显相关性。结论:端粒酶在卵巢 癌发生和发展过程中可能具有重要作 用,并有望作为卵巢上皮性癌基因治疗 的靶点。