大剂量化放疗及自体骨髓移植治疗霍奇金淋巴瘤

目的探讨大剂量化疗、放疗及自身骨髓移植（ＡＢＭＴ）对霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效。方法用高剂量长春新碱、阿糖胞苷、环已亚硝脲及环磷酰胺加全淋巴（全身）照射［ＨＤ－ＶＣＣＡ＋ＴＬ（Ｂ）Ｉ］和ＡＢＭＴ治疗１６例成人霍奇金淋巴瘤（ＨＬ）患者。移植时５例为晚期，８例显耐药复发，３例为部分缓解；其中２例骨髓受浸润。结果ＡＢＭＴ后１５例（９３．７％）达完全缓解；１６例中有３例在ＡＢＭＴ后３个月内死亡，１３例至今无病存活；中位随访９２（３┐１５８）个月，其中存活３年以上者１１例，５年以上者８例，１０年以上者２例。结论本文提示ＡＢＭＴ对ＨＬ具有缓解率高、生存期长、毒性反应可以耐受等优点，同时提示对骨髓受累的患者在移植前应作适当的净化残留肿瘤细胞的处理。     

反义bcl-2 RNA促进膀胱癌BIU-87细胞的凋亡

为探讨反义ｂｃｌ２对膀胱癌ＢＩＵ８７细胞凋亡的作用，应用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ将插有反义ｂｃｌ２基因片段的重组逆转录病毒载体转染ＢＩＵ８７细胞，使细胞在体外标准培养条件下生长速率降低，用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的变化。结果显示：Ｇ期细胞比率增高，细胞周期分析可见凋亡峰，细胞形态学观察凋亡细胞增多，ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳出现梯状电泳带。结果提示：反义ｂｃｌ２瞬时表达可促进ＢＩＵ８７细胞凋亡     

Stachyose extract from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. to lower plasma glucose in normal and diabetic rats by oral administration

The hypoglycemic effects of water extract and stachyose extract (Part III) from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. were investigated in this paper by oral administration to normal, glucose- and adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results showed that Part III had the effect of lowering fasted plasma glucose level and partially preventing hyperglycemia induced by glucose (2.5 g x kg(-1), i.p.) and adrenaline (300 microg x kg(-1), i.p.), respectively, but no obvious dose-dependent effect was found when it was administered at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg x kg(-1) for 6 days, i.g. In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, Part III (200 mg x kg(-1) for 15 days, i.g.) gave a significant decrease in blood glucose level. The results suggested that Part III, which is mainly composed of stachyose from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., had a significant hypoglycemic effect in glucose- and adrenaline-induced hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats.     

TGF-β1 inhibits connexin-43 expression in cultured smooth muscle cells of human bladder

Objective： In this research, we studied the TGF-β1 effects on connexin-43 expression in cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells. Methods： Human bladder smooth muscle cells primary cultures, with bladder tissue obtained from patients undergoing cystectomy, were intervened by recombinant human TGF-β1. Connexin-43 expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells was then examined by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results： Stimulation with TGF-β1 led to significant reduction of connexin-43 immunoreactivity and coupling （P〈0.0001）. Connexin-43 protein expression was significantly downregulated （P〈0.05）. Simultaneously, low phosphorylation species of connexin-43 were particularly affected. Conclusion： Our experiments demonstrated a significant downregulation of connexin-43 by TGF-β1 in cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells. These findings support the view that TGF-β1 is involved in the pathophysiology of urinary bladder dysfunction     

Homotransplantation of adrenal gland.

Eight patients with Addison's disease or Cushing's syndrome received adrenal homograft for 9 times after total adrenalectomy. All patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years. Symptoms and signs were improved without the supplement of steroids. The grafts showed satisfactory endocrinal functions in the recipients, but the grafts were dead in two patients 2 and 4 years after operation respectively. One of the two patients received the second homograft with good result. Single perfusion and ice-storage method of the all-adrenal gland and their clinical results were also presented.

     

铁离子对大脑毒性的研究进展

铁离子广泛存在于脑组织各部位,基底神经节含量最高,红核、黑质和齿状核较多,大脑皮质和小脑相对较少。铁毒性作用主要基于芬顿化学作用,铁与活性氧中间物反应,可产生高反应的自由基。脑内不同的细胞对铁超载及血红蛋白的防御反应,都可引起对神经元的毒性作用。自由铁通过产生的自由基对脑有高度的毒性作用,然而,在脑损伤和脑出血中铁的浓度是否是导致神经元损伤和死亡的必然因素,血液是否是促使神经元死亡的原因尚不是很清楚。     

Progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation impairs partial memory following learning tasks in rats*★

BACKGROUND： Complex learning tasks result in a greater number of paradoxical sleep phases, which can improve memory. The effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation, induced by ＂flower pot＂ technique, on spatial reference memory and working memory require further research. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of progressive paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats, subsequent to learning, on memory using the Morris Water Maze. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Controlled observation experiment. The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University from December 2006 to October 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty-eight, male, Wistar rats, 3-4 months old, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Lanzhou University. The Morris Water Maze and behavioral analyses system was purchased from Genheart Company, Beijing, China. METHODS： All animals, according to a random digits table, were randomly divided into paradoxical sleep deprivation, tank control, and home cage control groups. Paradoxical sleep deprivation was induced by the ＂flower pot＂ technique for 72 hours, housing the rats on small platforms over water. Rats in the ＂tank control＂ and ＂home cage control＂ groups were housed either in a tank with large platforms over the water or in normal cages without paradoxical sleep deprivation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Morris Water Maze was employed for task learning and spatial memory testing. Rats in all groups were placed at six random starting points each day for four consecutive days. Each placement was repeated for two trials; the first trial represented reference memory and the second working memory. Rats in the first trial were allowed to locate the submerged platform within 120 seconds. Data, including swimming distance, escape latency, swimming velocity, percentage of time in correct quarter, and memory scores were recorded and analyzed automatically by behavioral analyses systems for Morris Water Ma     

肝细胞生长因子基因转染脂肪细胞对移植组织工程脂肪存活的影响**★

背景：在脂肪组织工程的研究中，若将种子细胞与支架材料复合后移植，则此组织工程脂肪将可替代颗粒脂肪。肝细胞生长因子可以促进血管生成、减少纤维组织增生。 目的：观察肝细胞生长因子基因修饰骨髓间充质干细胞来源的脂肪细胞对大鼠组织工程脂肪移植存活的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机区组设计的动物实验，于2006-08/2007-07在解放军兰州军区兰州总医院医学科学实验中心完成。 材料：纳入Wistar大鼠用于分离、培养骨髓间充质干细胞及植入细胞-支架复合物。 方法：①分离培养雄性大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞，诱导成脂，携带绿色荧光蛋白基因及肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒毒株分别转染脂肪细胞，流式细胞仪测定转染效率，应用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定培养上清中肝细胞生长因子的表达，将脂肪细胞接种于聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物支架。②将75只Wistar雌性大鼠按随机数字表法分为3组：脂肪细胞组、Ad-肝细胞生长因子转染组及Ad-绿色荧光蛋白转染组分别将脂肪细胞-聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物、转染肝细胞生长因子基因脂肪细胞-聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物、转染绿色荧光蛋白基因脂肪细胞-聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物移植于大鼠腿部肌肉之间。 主要观察指标：移植后3，7，14，28，60 d，每组各取5只大鼠麻醉后处死，取出移植物。电镜观察；并行苏木精-伊红、油红O、Masson’s染色，观察病理改变；同时用免疫组织化学法检测组织中肝细胞生长因子表达，观察并计数血管生成。 结果：①骨髓间充质干细胞来源的脂肪细胞胞浆内富含丰富的脂滴，重组腺病毒感染复数=100时，携带绿色荧光蛋白基因的重组腺病毒株转染脂肪细胞效率可达64.39%。②移植3，7，14 d时，Ad-肝细胞生长因子转染组移植物中肝细胞生长因子的表达高于其他组（P < 0.05），且3 d达到高峰。③移植3，7，14，28，60 d时，Ad-肝细胞生长因子转染组移植物中血管生成高于其他组（P < 0.05），且7 d时血管增加的幅度最大。④移植28，60 d时，Ad-肝细胞生长因子转染组坏死程度均小于其他组，电镜下脂肪细胞也多于其他组。 结论：携带肝细胞生长因子基因的脂肪细胞在移植物中能够表达肝细胞生长因子，促进移植组织工程脂肪血管生成，进而促进移植组织的成活。     

Hepatocyte growth factor gene transfer effects on the femoral and intramuscular nerve in a canine model of lower limb ischemia*☆

BACKGROUND： Recent advancements in gene therapy have provided new methodology for treating ischemia in lower extremities. Gene transfer of angiogenic factors to ischemic tissues may promote local proliferation of new vessels and form collateral circulation. OBJECTIVE： To observe histopathological changes in the femoral and intramuscular nerve three months after intramuscular injection of hepatocyte growth factor （HGF） into the peripheral skeletal muscle in a canine model of lower limb ischemia. DESIGN： Randomized occlusion modelled and verification animal study. SETTING： Experimental Center, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS： This study was performed at Animal Experimental Center, Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from September to November 2006. A total of eight male mongrel dogs, weighing 12–15 kg and 1.5–3 years of age, were selected for this study. This experimental study was in accordance with local ethics standards. Recombinant plasmid carrying HGF （pUDKH） and occlusion model plasmid （pUDK） were provided by the Third Laboratory of Radiation Medical Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA. METHODS： Grouping and model establishment： under anesthesia, complete vascular occlusion models were established on the left lower extremities. The experimental dogs were randomly divided into a model group and a pUDKH treatment group, with four dogs in each group. Dogs in the pUDKH group were injected with 0.15 mg/kg pUDKH. Ten minutes later, intramuscular injections were performed at three spots into the peripheral skeletal muscle of the left hind limb, as well as lateral injections at two spots. The injection volume at each spot was 0.2 mL. Dogs in the model group were injected with pUDK, and dosage and injection method were identical to the treatment group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Histopathological changes in the femoral nerve, as well as internal and external intramuscular nerve tissue     

Ad—HGF转染对HepG2细胞的生长抑制作用

目的：探讨Ad—HGF转染对HepG2生长抑制作用的影响。方法：用Ad—HGF转染HepG2细胞，检测HGF蛋白表达及对细胞凋亡的影响；并用裸鼠致瘤试验体内观察Ad—HGF对HepG2细胞致癌的影响。结果：转染后24hHGF即有表达，48h达高峰。并观察到Ad—HGF可促进HepG2凋亡，体内Ad—HGF可抑制HepG2细胞生长成瘤。结论：Ad—HGF在体外可抑制HepG2细胞增殖、促进其凋亡，体内抑制其致癌作用。