南京市流动儿童自我意识状况的对比

目的:了解流动儿童自我意识评价及影响因素,改善流动儿童心理健康状态。方法:对南京市2所中学和2所小学的1 100名9～16岁的学生进行问卷调查,以流动儿童为研究组,非流动儿童为对照组,调查流动儿童的自我意识状况。结果:研究组自我意识评价总分均值为55.6分,自我评价偏低、正常和偏高的比例分别为15.9%、39.1%和45.0%;研究组与对照组自我意识评价仅在躯体外貌与属性分量表上存在统计学差异;是否独生子女、所在年级、学习成绩、父母文化程度、父母与孩子交流情况、班主任老师的关心程度对研究组自我意识评价有显著影响。结论:家庭、学校和社会需共同努力,促进流动儿童心理健康。     

半夏软腐病生防菌株筛选和田间应用探究

目的 开展生物防治试验，探究半夏软腐病绿色防控技术，为半夏软腐病绿色防控提供有效途径。方法 通过16S rRNA扩增鉴定病原菌，利用赋值法和温室、田间试验筛选生防菌剂。结果 2011—2012年诊断了半夏软腐病症状，鉴定其病原物为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌Pectobacterium carotovorum。2013—2014年从15种生防菌剂和产品中筛选获得有效防治该病的三菌混合生防菌剂BBS，并登记为微生物肥“宁盾”。2015—2018年，在不同地区开展“宁盾”的用法用量试验及田间示范试验。2019年，利用“宁盾”在全程绿色种植体系中开展的推广性田间试验结果表明，“宁盾”对半夏具有明显的防病促生效果，与对照组相比，对软腐病的防治效果达88.7%，出苗率、珠芽分化率可提高52.8%、65.7%，产量提高21.43%。结论 半夏软腐病由胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌引起，“宁盾”对半夏软腐病具有显著防效。     

碱水解橄榄苦苷制备羟基酪醇及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 以橄榄苦苷粗制品为原料,在强碱作用下水解制备羟基酪醇,并对其进行体外抗氧化活性研究.方法 选取4个因素,即水解温度、NaOH浓度、水解时间和料液比进行单因素试验;在其基础上进行L9(34)正交试验设计优化;利用HPLC-MS对羟基酪醇进行定性分析,同时在相同条件下进行酸水解对比试验和对羟基酪醇清除DPPH抗氧化活性评价.结果 选取的4个因素均极显著,主次因素顺序为水解温度＞ NaOH浓度＞水解时间＞料液比,优化水平组合为水解温度90℃,NaOH浓度0.2 mol/L,水解时间45 min,料液比1∶15;羟基酪醇的色谱保留时间约为10.3 min,且质谱条件下产生的碎片离子相对分子质量为134.8.通过酸与碱水解对比试验发现,橄榄苦苷在碱性条件下水解制备羟基酪醇的效率更高;与2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)对比,羟基酪醇清除DPPH能力是BHT的2.45倍.结论 羟基酪醇的制备在碱性条件下产率较高,且具有较好的抗氧化活性.     

Toxicokinetics of 4-chlorodiphenyl ether in the skate (Raja ocellata) following intravenous administration

The metabolic disposition of [¹⁴C]-labelled 4-chlorodiphenyl ether (4-CDE) was examined in the winter skate (Raja ocellata). Following intravenous administration of a single dose of 4-CDE (68 nmol/kg wet body wt.) to the skate, 4-CDE concentrations in the blood declined exponentially with time. Radioactivity was detected in all the organs and tissues examined; the liver and bile containing the highest levels. These results indicated that 4-CDE was removed rapidly from the blood by the tissues of the skate. The toxicokinetics of [¹⁴C]4-CDE in the skate were best described by a three-compartment open model with the central compartment and one of the peripheral compartments representing the blood and liver, respectively, of the skate. The validity of the model was confirmed by the observation that the apparent volume of the central compartment was identical to the blood volume of the skate and the liver accumulated the highest concentration of unmetabolized 4-CDE. 4-CDE was eliminated slowly from the skate mainly as metabolites in the bile. The body clearance of 4-CDE in the skate was 4.0 ± 1.1 ml · min⁻¹ · kg⁻¹ wet body wt.     

查尔酮及其衍生物防治新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-2019）潜在应用的研究进展

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-2019)自发生以来,疫情进展迅速,严重威胁人们的身体健康。目前,临床上尚无针对其治疗的特效药物,多数为对症治疗,以延缓新型冠状病毒引起的机体损伤为主,因此,寻找安全有效的治疗药物成为刻不容缓的工作。查尔酮及其衍生物具有广泛的药理学作用,可发挥抗病毒、抗菌抗炎、抗氧化、抗纤维等多种作用。主要对查尔酮及其衍生物的药理作用和机制进行综述,并对其用于COVID-2019防治的可行性进行探讨,以期为临床治疗提供参考。     

Nail Psoriasis: Treatment Options and Management Strategies in Special Patient Populations

Nail involvement is common in psoriasis and is considered a risk factor for and a predictor of the development of psoriatic arthritis. The treatment of nail psoriasis is challenging because of the unique anatomical structure of nails and the absence of standardized treatment protocols. Herein, we provide an up-to-date overview of the treatment options for nail psoriasis, including topical drugs and penetration enhancement strategies, traditional and novel oral drugs, and biologic agents. In addi...     

局部外用酞丁安软膏后皮内浓度测定

目的测定试验动物皮肤给药后的皮内药物浓度,观察受试制剂的经皮渗透及进入皮肤的药物水平。方法试验乳猪局部外用酞丁胺软膏后,采用匀浆法结合高效液相色谱测定皮内药物浓度。结果酞丁安软膏外用于皮肤后,有一定量的经皮吸收和渗透,但是吸收量相对较低。结论本试验结果可为酞丁安人体皮肤药代动力学研究提供参考。