Durable response to pulsatile icotinib for central nervous system metastases from EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND Central nervous system(CNS) metastases are a catastrophic complication of nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC), including brain and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, and are always accompanied by a poor prognosis. Despite the continuous development of existing treatments, the therapy of CNS metastases remains challenging.CASE SUMMARY We report a patient who was definitively diagnosed with brain and leptomeningeal metastases from NSCLC with a targeted mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). A standard dosage of icotinib(125 mg three times daily) was implemented but ineffective. CNS lesions developed despite stable systemic control, so pulsatile icotinib(1125 mg every 3 d) was administered. This new strategy for administration has lasted 25 mo so far, and resulted in complete remission of neurological symptoms, almost vanished lesions, and longer survival with no notable side effects.CONCLUSION This is the first successful example of pulsatile icotinib for treating isolated CNS progression from EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, providing a new alternative for the local treatment of CNS metastases.     

Total endovascular repair of an intraoperative stent-graft deployed in the false lumen of Stanford type A aortic dissection: A case report

BACKGROUND A 46-year-old male underwent ascending aortic replacement,total arch replacement,and descending aortic stent implantation for Stanford type A aortic dissection in 2016.However,an intraoperative stent-graft was deployed in the false lumen inadvertently.This caused severe iatrogenic thoracic and abdominal aortic dissection,and the dissection involved many visceral arteries.CASE SUMMARY The patient had pain in the chest and back for 1 mo.A computed tomography scan showed that the patient had secondary thoracic and abdominal aortic dissection.The ascending aortic replacement,total arch replacement,and descending aortic stent implantation for Stanford type A aortic dissection were performed 2 years prior.An intraoperative stent-graft was deployed in the false lumen.Endovascular aneurysm repair was performed to address this intractable situation.An occluder was used to occlude the proximal end of the true lumen,and a covered stent was used to direct blood flow back to the true lumen.A three-dimensional printing technique was used in this operation to guide prefenestration.The computed tomography scan at the 1stmo after surgery showed that the thoracic and abdominal aortic dissection was repaired,with all visceral arteries remaining patent.The patient did not develop renal failure or neurological complications after surgery.CONCLUSION The total endovascular repair for false lumen stent-graft implantation was feasible and minimally invasive.Our procedures provided a new solution for stent-graft deployed in the false lumen,and other departments may be inspired by this case when they need to rescue a disastrous stent implantation.     

基于加权TOPSIS法的拉氧头孢钠在儿科中的药物利用评价

目的:建立拉氧头孢钠药物利用评价标准,为儿科临床合理应用拉氧头孢钠提供参考依据.方法:参考拉氧头孢钠的药品说明书及应用指南等,在查阅相关文献的基础上制定儿科药物利用评价细则,并通过加权TOPSIS法对南京医科大学附属儿童医院2019年上半年120例应用拉氧头孢钠的出院病历进行评价.结果:120份病历中,相对接近度大于9...     

循环肿瘤细胞在胰腺癌诊疗中的应用

胰腺癌(pancreatic cancer,PC)是一种预后极差的消化系统恶性肿瘤,2020年全球癌症数据显示:PC的死亡病例数与新发病例数相当[1].2021年最新数据显示,其5年生存率仅为10％[2,3].但一组来自日本的研究数据显示,小于2 cm的Ia期PC预后良好,5年生存率可达到68.7％,原位癌的5年生存率...     

ⅡB-ⅢD期黑色素瘤患者术后辅助PD-1抗体对比高剂量干扰素：一项回顾性队列研究

目的：探讨PD-1抗体对比高剂量干扰素在ⅡB-ⅢD期黑色素瘤患者术后辅助治疗中的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性收集2013 年9 月至2022 年9 月期间在南京大学医学院附属楼医院收治的ⅡB-ⅢD期皮肤和肢端黑色素瘤患者的临床资料。所有患者术后均接受了高剂量干扰素（HDI）或PD-1 抗体辅助治疗。通过Kaplan-Meier 法行单因素生存分析并绘制生存曲线, Log-Rank 法分析评估组间无复发生存期（RFS）、无远处转移生存期（DMFS）以及总生存期（OS）差异是否有统计学意义,单因素和多因素Cox 回归分析判断影响患者预后的因素。结果：本研究共纳入91 例患者,中位随访时间为31.0个月。HDI 组和PD-1抗体组的mRFS 分别为29.2 个月和32.3 个月,差异无统计学意义[HR=0.90, 95%CI（0.50,1.64）;P=0.736]。HDI 组的mDMFS 和mOS分别为36.0个月和109.2个月,而PD-1抗体组均未达到（均P>0.05）。两组最常见的首次远处转移部位均是肺,并且在任何部位远处转移的发生率均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。通过单因素Cox 分析,相比于PD-1抗体,HDI 可以降低BRAFV600E/K突变的患者的远处转移风险[HR=10.03, 95%CI（1.10,91.35）;P=0.041]。亚组分析结果显示,在皮肤和肢端黑色素瘤中,HDI 组和PD-1单抗组的RFS 差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。HDI 组和PD-1抗体组不良反应发生率分别为83.3%和79.1%,多数为1或2级。两组均未发生与不良反应有关的死亡事件。结论：本研究中,PD-1抗体与HDI辅助治疗恶性黑色素瘤的临床疗效和安全性差异均无统计学意义;BRAFV600E/K突变的患者可能从HDI中获益更多;仍需大量前瞻性研究进一步探索亚洲人群黑色素瘤患者的最佳辅助治疗方案。     

我国HIV感染者合并感染HBV现况

目的:通过文献回顾,了解我国HIV感染者中HBV感染的流行特征。方法:通过对2010-2019年文献检索、文献筛选、质量评价等过程,收集我国有关HIV感染者合并感染HBV的研究文献,对符合纳入标准的文献提取相关数据后进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入27项研究,合并样本量为69 816例;我国HIV感染者的HBV合并感染率...     

基于德尔菲法构建中药注射剂上市后再评价指标体系

目的:拟建立中药注射剂上市后再评价指标体系,完善中药注射剂上市后再评价的基本框架,为推动中药上市后再评价工作提供参考依据.方法:应用德尔菲法,选择与中药注射剂上市后再评价研究相关的来自政府机构、医院、企业、学校及科研机构等行业的专家共40名,进行2轮调查,对上市后再评价指标进行筛选.结果:经两轮调查后专家权威系数平均值...     

基于CHARLS数据中老年人口腔卫生服务利用现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查中国中老年人口腔卫生服务利用现状,并分析其影响因素,为提高居民口腔卫生服务利用率提供指导.方法 选取中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2015年数据,对中国≥45岁20837名中老年人的口腔卫生服务利用现状进行分析,采用logit回归和tobit回归模型探究影响口腔卫生服务利用的因素.结果 20 837名...     

胃癌患者根治术后腹腔灌洗液中CEA mRNA表达的临床意义

目的：探讨胃癌患者根治术后腹腔冲洗液中CEA mRNA表达情况及其临床意义。方法: 回顾性分析了2013 年1 月至2017 年12 月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院接受胃癌根治切除术后进行腹腔灌洗液CEA mRNA检测的139 名患者的病历资料,并进行术后常规随访。用RT-PCR检测139 胃癌患者根治术后腹腔灌洗液中CEA mRNA表达情况。卡方检验分析腹腔灌洗液中CEA mRNA表达与临床基本特征、组织病理学资料、血液学指标及复发方式之间的关系。采用Logistic 单因素及多因素回归分析筛查影响CEA mRNA表达水平的因素。结果：139 名患者中44 名（31.7%）患者腹腔灌洗液CEA mRNA阳性。分析显示,胃癌患者腹腔灌洗液CEA mRNA阳性表达与性别、年龄、病理分级、Lauren 分型和HER2、EGFR、VEGFR等标记物间均没有明显的关联（均P>0.05）,与病理类型、脉管是否侵犯、局部浸润深度、淋巴结转移程度和临床AJCC 分期有明显的关联（均P<0.05）。CEA mRNA阳性患者腹膜复发率明显高于阴性患者（P=0.012）。Logistic 单因素回归分析显示,印戒细胞癌（P=0.04,HR=2.810,95% CI: 1.050~7.520）、T 分期（P=0.016,HR=6.329,95% CI: 1.417~28.264）、N 分期（P=0.022,HR=3.068,95% CI: 1.172~8.027）、AJCC分期（P=0.016 ,HR=3.971 ,95% CI: 1.295~12.173 ）、神经侵犯（P=0.002 ,HR=6.738,95% CI: 1.995~22.757）、脉管侵犯（P<0.001,HR=16.36,95% CI: 3.85~69.512）为胃癌患者腹腔灌洗液CEA mRNA阳性表达的危险因素。Logistic 多因素回归分析显示,经过对其他因素的校正,脉管侵犯（P<0.001,HR=21.314,95% CI: 4.21~107.907）为胃癌患者腹腔灌洗液CEA mRNA阳性表达的独立危险因素。结论：胃癌腹腔灌洗CEA mRNA阳性的患者腹膜复发转移风险高且预后不良,应考虑包括腹腔局部治疗在内的更加积极的抗肿瘤治疗。