淋球菌耐药监测15年

目的:了解我国1987～2001年淋病流行中的淋球菌对抗生素的敏感性,为修改淋病治疗方案和制订防治策略提供依据.方法:用琼脂稀释法检测淋球菌对WHO规定的5种核心抗生素的敏感性,用纸片酸度法测定淋球菌产青霉素酶(PPNG)菌株.结果:15年来用琼脂稀释法共检测了7583株菌,青霉素耐药株5399株,占71.20%;PPNG株占17.71%(1056/5964).四环素的耐药株占92.61%(1090/1177);由质粒介导的高度耐四环素淋球茵茵株(TRNG)占14.03%(811/5779).对环丙沙星的耐药性迅速增高,占61.12%(3311/5417).对大观霉素和头孢曲松的耐药菌百分率较低,分别为0.41%(26/6342)和0.39%(23/5853).对南京地区1993～1995年和1999～2001年大观霉素和头孢曲松对淋球菌的MIC50作了比较,结果显示MIC50值并无明显变化.结论:我国近15年流行的淋球菌对青霉素、四环素和环丙沙星的耐药性相当高,而对大观霉素和头孢曲松仍较敏感.为了防止淋球菌耐药菌株的进一步传播应强调对淋病病人进行范围治疗.     

美克西酮及其霜剂热稳定性研究

根据线性变温法原理,经一次加速试验测定美克西酮及其霜剂的化学稳定性常数。美克西酮及其霜剂的E值分别为18.5和16.7kcal·mol~(-1),r_0.9~(20℃)分别为10.6和4.67年。     

裴氏着色真菌基因组DNA文库的构建

为了进一步研究裴氏着色真菌基因组ＤＮＡ组成，以便为快速、准确地鉴定和诊断该菌的感染提供依据，采用Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ部分酶切基因组ＤＮＡ，以ｐＵＣ１８为载体，首次成功地构建了裴氏着色真菌基因组ＤＮＡ文库。插入片段的长度在２．５～６．０ｋｂ，ＤＮＡ文库的完整性在８４％以上。结果提示本文库大小适度、完整性较高，在实验诊断、菌种鉴定和探针筛选等方面有应用潜力     

Lymphogranuloma venereum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L3: a case report

Lymphogranuloma venereum （LGV） is a systemic sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis （C. trachomatis） L1, L2 and L3, the organism gains entrance through skin breaks and abrasions and travels via the lymphatics to multiply within mononuclear phagocytes in regional lymph nodes, The clinical presentation of LGV depends on the sex of the patient, mode of sexual contact （e.g. vaginal or anal sex） and the stage of the disease. LGV is diagnosed in men up to 6 times more frequently than in women, but the infected women are more likely developed to late stage. LGV is rare in China, however the incidence was increasing in recent years. In this paper we diagnosed a case of LGV, and confirmed this case was caused by L3 serovar of C. trachomatis by using genotype test.     

A comparison between raltitrexed plus cisplatin and docetaxel plus cisplatin in concurrent chemoradiation for non-surgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

PurposeChemoradiotherapy (CRT) is considered as a standard treatment for unresectable and inoperable esophageal cancer (EC) patients. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal synchronous chemotherapy regimen and the best combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of raltitrexed plus cisplatin and docetaxel plus cisplatin to find a safe and effective concurrent chemotherapy schedule.Patients and methodsOur retrospective study included 151 EC patients treated with raltitrexed and cisplatin (RP) (n = 90) or docetaxel and cisplatin (DP) (n = 61) from 2011 till 2018. Survival outcomes and treatment related toxicity were analyzed between the two groups.ResultsPFS and OS were 18 and 34 months in the RP group, while 13 and 20 months in the DP group (P = 0.118 and P = 0.270). The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rates of the RP group were 71.1, 55.4 and 46.4%. For the DP group, these were 63.9, 44.3 and 37.6%, respectively. Compared with DP group, RP group received a superior CR rate (68.9% versus 52.5%, P = 0.041). There was a trend that the total number of toxic reactions in RP group was lower than that in DP group (P = 0.058).ConclusionsEven RP and DP groups have the similar survival outcomes and toxicity, raltitrexed/cisplatin get a higher complete response rate. Our study suggests that raltitrexed combined with cisplatin is a safe and effective concurrent chemotherapy regimen and it might be used as an alternative for cisplatin/5-FU and cisplatin/docetaxel in CCRT for EC patients.     

社会网络理论和方法在研究MSM HIV感染者中的应用进展

男男性行为人群(MSM)中艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染率高、风险行为普遍,一部分人同时与女性保持性关系,性关系网络复杂,是HIV向一般人群传播的重要桥梁。与传统流行病学研究主要关注个体风险行为不同,社会网络理论从网络视角研究人际关系及其对个体行为和疾病传播的影响。近年来,越来越多的研究关注社会网络在HIV传播中发挥的作用。该文综述了社会网络分析的主要方法和国内外男男性行为人群的社会网络分析和干预研究进展。研究发现:1)性网络结构特征影响MSM感染和传播HIV的风险;2)社会网络可通过网络成员间的同伴压力、行为准则和社会支持影响MSM的行为和健康状况;3)以社会网络为基础的干预方法在MSM中可行且可减少风险行为。