阿折地平片的人体药动学研究

 目的建立人血浆中阿折地平的HPLC-MS测定方法,并对其人体药动学进行评价。方法12名健康受试者分别po单剂量阿折地平片8,16 mg,受试者经清洗期后,连续po阿折地平8 mg,每日1次,连续服药8 d。采用HPLC-MS测定人血浆中阿折地平浓度,并计算单次及多次给药后的药动学参数。结果单次口服阿折地平片8及16 mg后,阿折地平的消除半衰期分别为(25.0±4.3)和(24.6±5.6)h,达峰时间分别为(2.9±1.4)和(2.6±0.8)h;达峰浓度分别为(5.13±2.20)和(9.48±3.70)μg·L^-1;AUC分别为(53.6±17.1)和(107.9±39.1)μg·h·L^-1。多次po阿折地平片8 mg后,阿折地平的消除半衰期为(25.2±5.0)h,达峰时间为(3.1±1.1)h,达峰浓度为(6.12±2.27)μg·L^-1,AUC为(53.6±18.4)μg·h·L^-1.结论本试验建立的测定方法灵敏、准确、简便。阿折地平在8～16 mg内呈线性药动学特征,多剂量给药与单剂量给药药动学参数基本一致。     

Effect of composite Yuyin recipe on cultured human epithelial cell proliferation in vitro

Objective

To study the effect of Yuyin recipe, a Chinese composite recipe, on cultured human epithelial cell proliferation in vitro

Methods

YYR in different concentrations was added separately into the keratinocyte CoLo-16 line, after the latter had been cultured 24 hrs, to be co-cultured for different periods of time (24–72 hrs). A blank control group was set up in the meantime. Effect of YYR with different concentrations and different acting time on keratinocyte proliferation was observed by MTT method

Results

YYR in different concentrations showed significant inhibitory effect on keratinocyte CoLo-16 line in concentration-dependent and acting-time-dependent manner

Conclusion

Inhibition on over proliferation of epithelial cells may be one of the mechanisms of YYR in curing psoriasis.     

中国1949-2007年消除麻风病的历程及其流行特征

目的 分析中国50多年麻风病防治进程中的一些流行病学规律和特征,为加快彻底消除麻风病提供经验.方法 利用全国麻风疫情监测系统,获得每年由基层防治机构,上报的资料,进行系统回顾分析.结果 1949-2007年全国累计报告麻风病患者487 900例.发现率从最高1958年的5.56/10万下降到2007年的0.12/10万.患者主要分布在云南、贵州、四川、广东、广西、湖南、江西等省(自治区)气候温暖湿润且经济较为落后的山区.经过50多年的积极防治,中国东部和南部沿海省份麻风病的发现率下降幅度较大,而西部和西南省份下降幅度缓慢.每年复发病例数与新发现病例数的比从1960年代的1:139上升到1980年代后的1:10左右.儿童麻风病发现比例从1968年以后到现在一直波动在3%～4%.近20年新发病例皮肤查菌阳性率不断上升,2级畸残率波动在20%以上.在东部省份新诊断的病例中,已经含有一些从西南省份迁入或以后发病的患者.结论 随着社会经济发展,加之持久的积极防治,麻风病的流行会逐渐缓慢下降,但需要一个漫长的过程,一些重大事件作为负面因素会引起病例发现趋势的波动.     

Pilomatricoma with a bullous appearance

BACKGROUND: Pilomatricoma is a benign, cutaneous neoplasm with differentiation toward hair matrix. The tumor is usually a deep-seated, solitary, firm nodule with overlying normal epidermis. Pilomatricoma with a bullous appearance is very rare. METHODS: A 16-year-old Chinese girl with a soft, purplish, translucent bulla on the left shoulder for 6 months and a nodule underlying the bulla is described. RESULTS: The histopathologic findings were consistent with pilomatricoma. There was extraordinary dilation of lymphatic vessels in the overlying dermis, which explains the clinical bullous appearance. The surrounding dermis had an edematous appearance. A Verhoeff-van Gieson stain disclosed the marked reduction of the elastic fibers, and an alcian blue stain was negative. CONCLUSIONS: The patient is diagnosed as bullous variant of pilomatricoma.     

Leprosy in China: epidemiological trends between 1949 and 1998

OBJECTIVE: To report the epidemiological trends of leprosy in China from 1949 to 1998. METHOD: Data for the study were obtained from the computerized database of the National System of Leprosy Surveillance. FINDINGS: A total of 474,774 leprosy patients were detected during this 50-year period. Case detection rates per 100,000 population were highest in the 1950s and 1960s, with peaks appearing in 1957-58, 1963-66, 1969-70, and 1983-84, corresponding to mass surveys or screening surveys carried out in most areas or selected areas of the country. While the duration of the disease at the time of detection fell over the period, the disability rates, which were > 50% in the early 1950s, have decreased gradually to 20.8% by 1997-98 but are still too high. More than 50% of cases were found through active methods in the periods 1955-58, 1965-66, and 1969-76, but in recent years cases are mostly detected through dermatological clinics or by voluntary reporting. The peak prevalences of the 1960s (i.e. > 2 per 10,000 population) decreased annually from the 1970s onwards. By the end of 1998 the prevalence was 0.05 per 10,000 population. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that leprosy was well controlled in China and that the WHO goal of elimination of leprosy as a public health problem has been achieved at the national and subnational levels. However, leprosy is still unevenly distributed in the country. According to the criterion for leprosy elimination in China--defined as a prevalence of < 1 per 100,000 in county or city--there are still more than 10% of counties or cities where this target has not yet been reached. Special attention must therefore be given to achieve elimination and final eradication of leprosy in China.     

Primary syphilis cases in Guangdong Province 1995-2008: Opportunities for linking syphilis control and regional development

Background  

Syphilis cases have risen in many parts of China, with developed regions reporting the greatest share of cases. Since syphilis increases in these areas are likely driven by both increased screening and changes in sexual behaviours, distinguishing between these two factors is important. Examining municipal-level primary syphilis cases with spatial analysis allows a more direct understanding of changing sexual behaviours at a more policy-relevant level.     

Mexiletine-responsive erythromelalgia due to a new Nav1.7 mutation showing use-dependent current fall-off

Inherited erythromelalgia (IEM), characterized by episodic burning pain and erythema of the extremities, is produced by gain-of-function mutations in sodium channel Na_v1.7, which is preferentially expressed in nociceptive and sympathetic neurons. Most patients do not respond to pharmacotherapy, although occasional reports document patients as showing partial relief with lidocaine or mexiletine. A 7-year-old girl, with a two-year history of symmetric burning pain and erythema in her hands and feet, was diagnosed with erythromelalgia. Treatment with mexiletine reduced the number and severity of pain episodes. We report here a new IEM Na_v1.7 mutation in this patient, and its response to mexiletine. SCN9A exons from the proband were amplified and sequenced. We identified a single nucleotide substitution (T2616G) in exon 15, not present in 200 ethnically-matched control alleles, which substitutes valine 872 by glycine (V872G) within DII/S5. Whole-cell patch-clamp analysis of wild-type and mutant Na_v1.7 channels in mammalian cells show that V872G shifts activation by − 10 mV, slows deactivation, and generates larger ramp currents. We observed a stronger use-dependent fall-off in current following exposure to mexiletine for V872G compared to wild-type channels. These observations suggest that some patients with IEM may show a favorable response to mexiletine due to a use-dependent effect on mutant Na_v1.7 channels. Continued relief from pain, even after mexiletine was discontinued in this patient, might suggest that early treatment may slow the progression of the disease.     

Quality of life in patients with facial steroid dermatitis before and after treatment

Background Improper long‐term, even low‐dose, topical corticosteroids, especially application to the face, could induce steroid dermatitis, which was refractory and detrimental to the quality of life. Objective To evaluate the quality of life in patients with facial steroid dermatitis before and after the treatment of doxycycline and indomethacin plus support therapy. Study design A prospective study. Setting Outpatients of the Department of dermatology, the Third Hospital of Hangzhou, from August 2, 2004, to April 20, 2005. Subjects Fifty consecutive outpatients completed the treatment. Intervention The intervention is doxycycline 10 mg twice a day and indomethacin 25 mg twice a day for 4 weeks, cetirizine or loratadine 10 mg daily if pruritic, topical white petroleum if feeling dry and wet dressing if burning and oedema, plus psychological support and health education. Main outcome measure The efficacy of the treatment was quantified using a 24‐point steroid clinical score. The detriment of the quality of life was quantified using a 30‐point Dermatology Life Quality Index. Results The steroid dermatitis clinical score decreased significantly from 15.06 ± 4.61 at baseline to 4.52 ± 3.39 at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (week 6; P < 0.001). Twenty‐one patients underwent a rebound phenomenon and the steroid dermatitis clinical score increased significantly from 13.71 ± 4.33 at baseline (week 0) to 19.24 ± 3.40 at 1 week after treatment (week 1; P < 0.001). Quality of life score decreased significantly from 13.76 ± 7.68 at baseline to 3.44 ± 2.57 at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (week 6; P < 0.001). Conclusions The quality of life was profoundly affected by facial steroid dermatitis. Doxycycline and indomethacin plus support therapy might be effective in patients with facial steroid dermatitis.     

Is delayed micro-graft hair transplantation possible?--evaluation of viabilities of hair follicles preserved in two storage media.

BACKGROUND: Preservation of hair grafts for the purpose of delayed transplantation would allow use of thousands of hair grafts at one time. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the viabilities of hair follicle units preserved in DMEM and Ringer's solution at 0 degrees C for various periods. METHODS: Cell cultures and transplantation of hair follicle units into athymic mice were used. RESULTS: Outer root sheath cells could be cultivated in 95.8% of those follicles preserved in Ringer's solution, and in 86.7% of those preserved in DMEM culture medium (p < 0.01). In 84.5% of those preserved in Ringer's and 72.5% of those preserved in DMEM for 24 h, hair follicles grew well after implantation into an athymic mouse model (p < 0.05).