EGFR靶向纳米载体荷载c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸对人乳腺癌SK-BR3细胞的体外研究

目的：探讨利用表皮生长因子偶联牛血清白蛋白纳米载体介导c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸以增加人乳腺癌SK-BR3细胞对其的摄取.方法：采用超声乳化-化学交联及羧和反应制备EGF偶联白蛋白靶向纳米载体.99mTc通过乙酰双半胱氨酸标记于c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸,研究其稳定性,结合靶基因的特异性,并探讨人乳腺癌SK-BR3细胞对其的摄取及滞留.结果：EGF靶向纳米载体包载99mTc-乙酰双半胱氨酸-c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸组的摄取率及滞留率均高于正义寡脱氧核苷酸组和无义寡脱氧核苷酸组.同时99mTc-乙酰双半胱氨酸-c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸使用纳米载体荷载组的摄取率及滞留率均高于未使用纳米载体组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：EGF靶向纳米载体能够提高乳腺癌SK-BR3细胞对99mTc-乙酰双半胱氨酸-c-erbB2反义寡脱氧核苷酸的摄取和滞留,能达到更好的靶向作用.     

肝癌微波消融术后患者复发的危险因素分析

目的探讨胆囊切除对行肝癌微波消融（microwave ablation，MWA）患者预后的影响。 方法72例接受MWA治疗肝癌的患者，分为胆囊切除组（36例）和非胆囊切除组（36例），分析总生存率（overall survival，OS）和无进展生存率（progression free survival，PFS），比较胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组的预后结果。采用单因素和多因素Cox分析评估总生存率和无进展生存率的潜在危险因素以及比较两组之间的预后。 结果本研究胆囊切除组纳入36例（50.00%），非胆囊切除组纳入36例（50.00%）。胆囊切除组中位OS为35.55个月（4.20～36.00个月），非胆囊切除组31.19个月（10.80～36.00个月） （P=0.894）。随访结束前，胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组的死亡率分别为22.22%和22.22%。胆囊切除组1、2、3年累积总生存率分别为91.67%、79.91%、75.71%，非胆囊切除组分别为97.22%、88.72%和73.81%（P=0.97）。胆囊切除组中位PFS为7.67个月（1.68～32.30个月），非胆囊切除组为18.25个月（2.24～33.60个月） （P<0.01）。随访结束时，胆囊切除组和非胆囊切除组肝癌复发率分别为69.44%和91.67%，胆囊切除组1、2、3年累积无进展生存率分别为36.11%、16.67%、0.00%，非胆囊切除组分别为77.78%、46.89%和0.00%。非胆囊切除组的累积无进展生存率明显高于胆囊切除组（P<0.01）。多因素分析显示肿瘤数量为3（HR=18.91，95%CI：1.54～232.99，P=0.02）是与OS相关的独立危险因素。多因素分析显示胆囊切除术（HR=3.55，95%CI：1.74～7.26，P<0.01），肿瘤数量为2和3（HR=2.21，95%CI：1.10～4.42，P=0.02；HR=3.63，95%CI：1.26～10.45，P=0.02）和AFP≥400 ng/mL（HR=0.43，95%CI：0.19～0.98，P<0.05）是与PFS相关的独立危险因素。 结论肝细胞癌患者在MWA后行胆囊切除术后更易发生肝内复发，这可能与γ-GT水平升高有关，且复发率随时间增加而增加。     

内蒙古地区胃肠道间质瘤804例临床数据分析

目的 分析内蒙古地区7个临床中心胃肠道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumors,GIST)数据库中患者的临床病理特征、免疫组织化学、基因分型及预后情况.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2019年1月间内蒙古地区的GIST数据,分析GIST患者性别、年龄、发病部位、肿瘤直径、核分裂像和美国国...     

Paclitaxel inhibits ovarian tumor growth by inducing epithelial cancer cells to benign fibroblast-like cells

Paclitaxel is commonly used to treat multiple human malignancies, but its mechanism of action is still poorly defined. Human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells (parental SKOV3) were treated with paclitaxel (1 μM) for 2 days, and the morphologic changes in the cells were monitored for more than 4 months. Parental SKOV3 underwent a markedly morphologic transition from the epithelial to fibroblast-like phenotype following treatment with paclitaxel; the resulting cells were designated as SKOV3-P. The SKOV3-P cells’ proliferative ability was assessed via a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The molecular characteristics of these cells were assessed via immunocytochemical staining and Western blot analysis. Their invasiveness and tumor formation ability was evaluated via wound-scratch and colony formation assays. The tumorigenicity of SKOV3-P cells was assessed in vivo after subcutaneous injection of tumor cells between injections of parental and paclitaxel-treated cells in nude mice. SKOV3-P cells have decreased the proliferation and invasion ability, decreased colony-forming ability when cultured in Matrigel and lost their tumor formation as compared with parental SKOV3 cells when injected in nude mice. SKOV3-P cells have decreased expression of E-cadherin, cytokeratin, Snail, PI3K, and P-Akt-Ser473, and increased expression of fibronectin, vimentin, Slug, P27, and PTEN. These results demonstrated that paclitaxel can inhibit tumor growth by inducing ovarian cancer epithelial cells toward a benign fibroblast-like phenotype through dysregulation of previously known pathways involved in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which may represent a novel mechanism for paclitaxel-induced tumor suppression.     

Paternity testing and other inference about relationships from DNA mixtures

We present methods for inference about relationships between contributors to a DNA mixture and other individuals of known genotype: a basic example would be testing whether a contributor to a mixture is the father of a child of known genotype. The evidence for such a relationship is evaluated as the likelihood ratio for the specified relationship versus the alternative that there is no relationship. We analyse real casework examples from a criminal case and a disputed paternity case; in both examples part of the evidence was from a DNA mixture. DNA samples are of varying quality and therefore present challenging problems in interpretation. Our methods are based on a recent statistical model for DNA mixtures, in which a Bayesian network (BN) is used as a computational device; the present work builds on that approach, but makes more explicit use of the BN in the modelling. The R code for the analyses presented is freely available as supplementary material.We show how additional information of specific genotypes relevant to the relationship under analysis greatly strengthens the resulting inference. We find that taking full account of the uncertainty inherent in a DNA mixture can yield likelihood ratios very close to what one would obtain if we had a single source DNA profile. Furthermore, the methods can be readily extended to analyse different scenarios as our methods are not limited to the particular genotyping kits used in the examples, to the allele frequency databases used, to the numbers of contributors assumed, to the number of traces analysed simultaneously, nor to the specific hypotheses tested.