肝外胆管细胞癌治疗现状及进展

近年来,肝外胆管细胞癌的发病有增加的趋势。目前仍以手术治疗为主要的治疗手段。针对已失去根治机会的病例,有效的胆汁引流、放化疗、光动力疗法是延缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者生活质量,延长患者生存期的关键。     

大孔吸附树脂纯化白簕叶总多酚的工艺优化

目的考察大孔吸附树脂对白簕叶总多酚的吸附性能和纯化效果,寻找白簕叶总多酚纯化的较优工艺。方法采用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法定量,比较5种不同型号大孔吸附树脂对药食同源植物白簕叶中总多酚的吸附和解吸效果,从中筛选出适合分离纯化白簕叶总多酚的树脂,并对其吸附和解吸条件进行考察和优化。经过单因素实验,确定最终优化工艺。结果所得优化工艺为以质量浓度为1.0 mg/m L,pH值为3.0左右的白簕叶总多酚粗提液作为上样液,同时控制其体积流量为2.0m L/min,上样量控制为30 mL;然后以体积分数50%的乙醇水溶液洗脱,调节pH值为6.0,并控制洗脱体积流量为2.0 mL/min,洗脱量为40 mL。经HPD100型树脂纯化后,白簕叶多酚样品质量分数由纯化前的11.7%上升为49.7%,纯化效果为4.25倍。通过将HPD100型树脂进行扩大30倍实验证实:白簕叶多酚样品质量分数由纯化前的12.5%上升为54.5%,纯化效果为4.4倍,纯化效率并不随大孔树脂数量改变而改变。结论 HPD100为纯化白簕叶总多酚的最佳树脂,该工艺适合白簕叶总多酚的提取纯化工业生产。     

Characterization of microRNA expression profiles in blood and saliva using the Ion Personal Genome Machine® System (Ion PGM™ System)

MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiling is gaining interest in the forensic community because the intrinsically short fragment and tissue-specific expression pattern enable miRNAs as a useful biomarker for body fluid identification. Measuring the quantity of miRNAs in forensically relevant body fluids is an important step to screen specific miRNAs for body fluid identification. The recent introduction of massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has the potential for screening miRNA biomarkers at the genome-wide level, which allows both the detection of expression pattern and miRNA sequences. In this study, we employed the Ion Personal Genome Machine^® System (Ion PGM™ System, Thermo Fisher) to characterize the distribution and expression of 2588 human mature miRNAs (miRBase v21) in 5 blood samples and 5 saliva samples. An average of 1,885,000 and 1,356,000 sequence reads were generated in blood and saliva respectively. Based on miRDong, a Perl-based tool developed for semi-automated miRNA distribution designations, and manually ascertained, 6 and 19 miRNAs were identified respectively as potentially blood and saliva-specific biomarkers. Herein, this study describes a complete and reliable miRNA workflow solution based on Ion PGM™ System, starting from efficient RNA extraction, followed by small RNA library construction and sequencing. With this workflow solution and miRDong analysis it will be possible to measure miRNA expression pattern at the genome-wide level in other forensically relevant body fluids.     

The Survey ofCronobacterspp. (formerlyEnterbacter sakazakii) in Infant and Follow-up Powdered Formula in China in 2012

ObjectiveTo determineCronobacterspp.contamination in infant and follow-up powdered formula in China. MethodsAll of 2282 samples were collected from theretailmarkets in China from January 2012 to December 2012, and analyzed forCronobacter spp.by theChineseNationalFood Safety Standard. Characterization of the isolates was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) withXbaI and SpeI restriction enzymes. ResultsCronobacterspp. strains were isolated from 25 samples, and the positive rates ininfant powdered formulas and follow-up powdered formulas were 0.90% (10/1011) and 1.18% (15/1271), respectively. Analysis of variable data regarding different purchasing store formats, seasonality, and production locations as well as comparison of infant versus follow-up formulas did not reveal statistically significant factors. During the sampling period, one of six surveillance zones did exhibit a statistically significant trend towards higher positive rate. PFGE characterization ofCronobacterspp.to elucidate genetic diversity revealed only three pairs ofCronobacterspp.out of 25 having the same PFGE patterns. ConclusionThe current investigation indicated a lower positive rate ofCronobacterspp.in the powdered formula in China.This evidence suggested contamination originating from multiple different sources during the manufacturing process.     

基于悬吊疗法的神经肌肉激活技术对脑卒中偏瘫患者运动功能的影响

  目的  探讨基于悬吊疗法的神经肌肉激活技术对脑卒中偏瘫患者躯干控制、步态以及平衡等运动功能的临床应用疗效。  方法  选取2019年1—11月于湖南省人民医院康复医学科住院的80例脑卒中偏瘫患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用常规康复训练,观察组采用基于悬吊疗法的神经肌肉激活技术训练。训练前后评定患者的平衡、躯干控制、下肢运动功能、平衡和生活质量以及行走过程中下肢的步态时空参数。  结果  观察组治疗后的平衡能力、躯干控制能力、下肢运动功能和步行功能[(37.61±4.36)分、(83.41±8.61)分、(80.71±9.19)分、(3.86±0.23)分]均高于对照组[(34.86±4.11)分、(76.83±7.36)分、(72.37±9.57)分、(3.66±0.34)分,均P＜0.05];观察组生活质量得分均高于对照组(均P＜0.05);步态时空参数的步速、步频和跨步长均大于对照组(均P＜0.05);跨步时间和支撑相占比均低于对照组(均P＜0.05)。  结论  基于悬吊疗法的神经肌肉激活技术可有效优化脑卒中偏瘫患者的步态功能,改善其躯干控制能力、平衡能力、步行能力和生活质量,值得临床推广。      

临床护理路径在择期剖宫产术患者中的应用效果

目的探讨临床护理路径在择期剖宫产手术健康教育中的应用效果。方法选择本院实施临床护理路径的126例孕产妇作为护理组,选择行常规护理的103例孕产妇作为对照组,比较两组的住院时间、良好配合手术率、剖宫产相关知识掌握率、纯母乳喂养率及切口愈合情况。结果护理组的护理满意率与对剖宫产相关知识的掌握率显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。护理组的住院时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。护理组的剖宫产术中良好配合率、纯母乳喂养率、甲级切口愈合率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）结论在择期剖宫产手术中实施临床护理路径,可有效提升孕产妇对健康教育知识的掌握程度,有利于剖宫产术后的愈合,值得临床推广应用。     

宜春市麻疹强化免疫前后发病状况的研究

目的 了解宜春市2006年1月～2012年12月麻疹强化免疫前后麻疹流行病学的特征,为更好地制订消除麻疹措施提供依据.方法 根据中国疾病预防控制信息系统及宜春市疾控中心麻疹强化免疫接种率报表,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析宜春市麻疹强化免疫前后的发病状况.结果 宜春市2006～2012年共报告麻疹病例1107例,男女性别比为2.2∶1,以散发为主,年平均发病率为2.88/10万;以散居儿童居多;发病年龄以＜15岁为主,其中,＜2岁发病例数最多（x2=52.64,P＜0.05）;麻疹强化接种前年平均发病率与强化接种后相比下降率为95.49％（x2=709.48,P＜0.05）;麻疹强化接种前后均以4～8月份为发病高发季节,且4月份为高峰期.年平均发病率排在前5位分别是万载县、丰城市、高安市、靖安县、袁州区;麻疹强化接种前后各县市区麻疹年平均发病率的下降率均＞75％,其中铜鼓县2010～2012年连续3年发病率为0％.结论 宜春市麻疹以散发为主,麻疹强化接种后,各年龄段、各地区麻疹发病率显著下降,部分儿童接种麻疹疫苗后仍有发病,0～2岁儿童发病率最高;建议在常规免疫的基础上,间隔2～3年对全市范围大规模实施麻疹强化免疫,保护易感人群,形成较牢固的免疫屏障,使麻疹发病率保持低态势.     

Role of miR-511 in the Regulation of OATP1B1 Expression by Free Fatty Acid

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of non-coding RNA that are able to adjust the expression of many proteins, including ATP-binding cassette transporter and organic cation transporter. We sought to evaluate the effect of miR-511 on the regulation of OATP1B1 expression by free fatty acids. When using free fatty acids to stimulate Chang liver cells, we found that the expression of miR-511 increased significantly while the expression of OATP1B1 decreased. We also proved that SLCO1B1 is the target gene of miR-511 with a bioinformatics analysis and using the dual luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the expressions of SLCO1B1 and OATP1B1 decreased if transfecting Chang liver cells with miR-511, but did not increase when transfecting the inhibitors of miR-511 into steatosis cells. Our study indicates that miR-511 may play an important role in the regulation of OATP1B1 expression by free fatty acids.     

2011-2013年长沙空港口岸入境传染病疑似病例分析

目的通过分析2011-2013年长沙空港口岸入境传染病疑似病例流行病学调查资料,指导口岸传染病防控。方法对相关资料进行归纳分析,计算出地区分布、时间分布、主要症状分布、性别分布、发现方式分布。结果传染病疑似病例主要来自中国台湾、中国香港和泰国,时间上主要分布在第一、三季度及十月份,多以呼吸道和消化道症状为主,男性多于女性,以体温监测为主要发现方式。结论长沙空港口岸旅检工作应加强来自中国台湾、中国香港、泰国的入境旅客的体温监测、医学巡查,加强第一季度、第三季度、十月的旅客查验工作,重点关注呼吸道症状旅客、消化道症状旅客。     

神经内镜治疗自发性脑室出血的疗效分析

目的探讨神经内镜对自发性脑室出血手术治疗的疗效分析。方法收集2009年6月至2013年12月我院经CTA筛查的119例自发性脑室出血患者,分为2组:神经内镜手术组(NEG)48例、脑室外引流组(EVDG)71例,手术治疗均在48小时内进行;比较二组不同术式术后6小时颅脑cT,血肿清除率、术后并发症及术后6个月对患者进行ADIL预后分级等治疗效果评估。结果①血肿清除率:NEG明显优于EVDG(p0.01)。②术后片发症:发生率分别为1 2.5%、40.6%。NEG明显低于EVDG(p=0.048)。③术后6月ADI分级:NEG和EVDG术后6个月ADL预后评分恢复良好(ADL.Ⅰ~Ⅲ级)比例分别为:79.17%(38/48)、46.48%(33/71)。NEG术后6月ADL评分明显优于EVDG(p=0.001)。结论神经内镜组手术血肿清除率高、并发症少、预后好,优于脑室外引流手术组。