用SYBR Green I实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应定量检测人、小鼠精子中CatSper1 mRNA

目的:建立并优化SYBR GreenI实时RT-PCR体系,定量检测人、小鼠成熟精子中的CatSper1 mRNA。方法:用TRIzol分别提取人、小鼠成熟精子中的总RNA,逆转录后用SYBR GreenI实时PCR定量检测CatSper1 mRNA。SYBR GreenI实时PCR采用普通PCR试剂,加入SYBR GreenI染料,优化退火温度、Mg2+浓度及上、下游引物比例,并在PCR循环时采用四步法以消除引物二聚体的影响。优化完成后用不同浓度的精子cDNA为模板做标准曲线,以检测SYBR GreenI实时PCR的扩增效率。结果:定量检测CatSper1 mRNA的SYBR GreenI实时PCR体系适宜退火温度、Mg2+浓度及上、下游引物比例分别为63℃、3.0mmol/L和1∶1,四步法中采集荧光的温度为88℃。优化后用人和小鼠精子cDNA为模板做标准曲线分别为Y=-3.402log(X)+25.99和Y=-3.409log(X)+24.09,扩增效率分别为96.8%和96.5%,可定量检测人、小鼠成熟精子中的CatSper1 mRNA。结论:用普通的逆转录及PCR系统和试剂,建立了一种方便、廉价、可靠的SYBR GreenI实时荧光定量RT-PCR系统,可用于人、小鼠精子中CatSper1 mRNA定量检测。     

基于内部控制视角的医院合同全生命周期管理

本文归纳了医院合同管理面临的主要问题,梳理了国家政策对医院合同管理的要求。基于内部控制视角,介绍了某医院加强合同全生命周期管理的实践:改变以往纸质管理模式,研发合同管理系统,推进智慧财务建设;贯穿事前、事中、事后阶段,建立合同闭环管理体系;对接相关系统,促进合同与全面预算、收支、采购管理有机结合;按照不同经济业务对运营风险防控的要求,实施合同分类管理。     

肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系的构建

目的：构建肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系,为肺结核临床护理质量管理提供参考依据。方法：以Donabedian的“结构–过程–结果 ”三维质量评价模型为理论基础,通过文献检索、德尔菲专家函询法、层次分析法确立肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系。结果：共有45名专家完成两轮函询,问卷有效回收率均为100%;专家权威系数（Cr）分别为0.822和0.859;两轮函询肯德尔协调系数（Kendall’s W）分别为0.140～0.379和0.107～0.665,P均<0.01。根据条目筛选标准、专家意见及院内外专家小组会议讨论结果,确立终版评价指标体系含一级指标3项,二级指标18项,三级指标73项。结论：肺结核专科护理质量评价指标体系结构合理,构建过程科学、可靠,可为肺结核专科护理质量管理及专业学科发展提供理论参考。     

神经外科ICU疑似耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌医院感染暴发调查与控制

目的对神经外科重症监护病房(ICU)一起疑似耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)医院感染暴发进行调查和控制,为多药耐药菌医院感染预防与控制提供参考。方法对2019年5月-6月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院神经外科ICU的6例CRKP感染患者进行流行病学调查和环境卫生学监测,并采取针对性防控策略。结果共发生CRKP医院感染6例;其中5例的住院时间和床位存在重叠或相邻;6例患者的保洁人员为同一人;环境卫生学监测显示CRKP检出率为3.13%(2/64),分别从呼吸机和保洁人员手检出;患者检出的6株CRKP菌株和环境检出的2株CRKP菌株药敏结果基本一致。采取改进环境清洁消毒流程、严格执行手卫生、加强科室人员管理和全员医院感染防控培训及督导等针对性防控策略后,此次事件得到有效控制。结论神经外科ICU内环境清洁消毒不彻底以及医务人员手卫生执行不到位是导致此次疑似CRKP医院感染暴发的主要原因。及时识别并调查原因,采取针对性防控策略是有效控制医院感染暴发的关键。     

国产与进口吲哚美辛缓释胶囊生物等效性评价

比较国产与进口吲哚美辛缓释胶囊在人体内的生物利用度和生物等效性.18名健康男性志愿者双周期随机交叉口服吲哚美辛缓释胶囊75 mg,用反相高效液相色谱法测定达稳态后的血药浓度.受试制剂与参比制剂的达峰时间(Tpeak)分别为(3.78±1. 00)h和(3.50±1.29)h;达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(7.51±2.74)ug/ml和(8.05±2.58)ug/ml;药时曲线面积(AUC)分别为(66.41±30.12)和(63.90±26.50)ug@ml-1@h-1.多次给药达稳态条件下,国产的吲哚美辛缓释胶囊与进口制剂的相对生物利用度为(103.20±21.90)%.双单侧检验表明,国产与进口吲哚美辛缓释胶囊具有生物等效性.     

Safety and efficacy of thulium laser resection of bladder tumors versus transurethral resection of bladder tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lasers in Medical Science - The thulium laser resection of bladder tumor (TmLRBT) is widely used in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and we conduct this study to compare...     

体质指数正常人群中的代谢综合征患病情况

目的 了解体质指数（BMI）正常人群多代谢异常与代谢综合征（MS）的患病情况。方法 选取2016年1月—2017年12月健康体检人群为研究对象,以2004年中华医学会糖尿病学分会制订的MS诊断标准,符合纳入标准的正常BMI对象共5 781名（男3 069名,女2 712名）。根据BMI的四分位数将调查对象分成Q1～Q4组计算性别、年龄别MS的患病率。结果 5 781名对象的MS患病率为12.71％（男性9.22％,女性16.67％,χ2 = 71.92,P＜0.001）。专业技术人员的MS患病率较其它职业人群显著增高（χ2 = 19.76,P = 0.001）,低学历人群的MS患病率较高学历人群显著增高（χ2 = 10.79,P = 0.005）。男性随BMI升高（Q1～Q4）MS患病率由3.21％增至17.54％（χ2 = 87.11,P＜0.001）;女性（Q1～Q4）MS患病率由7.32％增至29.78％（χ2 = 147.66,P＜0.001）。男性各个BMI组MS患病率均低于女性（Q1:3.21% vs 7.32%,χ2 = 10.31,P＜0.001;Q2:6.35% vs 10.26%,χ2 = 8.64, P＜0.001;Q3:9.72% vs 19.27%,χ2 = 27.39, P＜0.001;Q4:17.54% vs 29.79%,χ2 = 28.11,P＜0.001）。男性随年龄升高（≤40岁～≥60岁）MS患病率由3.43％增至13.15％（χ2 = 67.09,P＜0.001）、女性（≤40岁～≥60岁）MS患病率由10.72％增至24.25％（χ2 = 54.43,P＜0.001）;随BMI升高（Q1～Q4）,伴有MS组分异常的患病率由28.51％增至40.56％（χ2 = 77.39,P＜0.001）。结论 BMI正常人群仍有一定多代谢异常和MS患病率,要注意BMI正常人群的代谢性健康风险管理。     

Gene polymorphism in apolipoprotein E and presenilin-1 in patients with late -onset Alzheimer’s disease

Objective To evaluate the association of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and presenilin-1 (PS-1) gene polymorphism with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods A case-control study was undertaken to detect the polymorphism of apoE and PS-1 by polymerase chain reaction and digestion with the endonucleases of BspL Ⅰ, Hha Ⅰ and BamH Ⅰ. Results The frequencies of apoE ε3/4 genotype and ε4 allele in late-onset AD (n=42) were significantly higher than those of age-matched controls (P&lt;0.05). The frequencies of the apoE intron 1 enhancer (IE1) G/G genotype and G allele in late-onset AD were also significantly higher than those in controls (P&lt;0.05). The frequencies of the PS-1 1/1 genotype but not the 1 allele in AD were significantly higher than those in controls (P&lt;0.05).The apoE ε4 allele was associated with a tripling of risk for late-onset AD compared with that with no ε4 allele (odds ratio: 2.932). Homozygosity of the G allele in IE1 and 1/1 genotype in PS-1 was associated with a doubling of risk for late-onset AD, and odds ratios were 2.223 and 2.066, respectively.When the apoE ε4 was controlled, the association between the IE1 G/G genotype AD was no longer statistically significant (P&gt;0.05). We sequenced the exon 4 of apoE in patients with late-onset AD, and found no other genetic polymorphism or mutation except for apoE ε4 and IE1 G alleles associated with AD. Conclusion apoE ε4 gene appears to be the strongest gene risk factor for late-onset AD and its apparent association between the IE1 G/G genotype and late-onset AD is a consequence of the association between the ε4 and IE1 G/G genotype.The PS-1/1 genotype is weakly associated with late-onset AD.