阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者亚临床右心室功能障碍的肺动脉硬化度

目的:研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者发生亚临床的右心室功能障碍时其肺动脉硬化度(PAS)的变化.方法:实验组选取的是经多导睡眠监测仪(PSG)确诊的80例OSAHS患者,根据AHI的不同分成3组,对照组选取的是同一时间段的35例健康者.使用二维超声收集所需常规超声参数,使用速度向量成像(VVI)技...     

复方甘草酸苷片与米诺地尔酊治疗斑秃有效性和安全性的Meta分析

目的系统评价复方甘草酸苷片与米诺地尔酊治疗轻型斑秃(AA)的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献光盘数据库及中国期刊全文数据库,纳入比较复方甘草酸苷片与米诺地尔酊治疗轻型斑秃的随机对照试验(RCT),对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评价,并应用Rev Man5.3软件进行统计分析。结果共纳入20项RCT,合计2026例患者。Meta分析结果表明,复方甘草酸苷片联合米诺地尔酊可有效治疗轻型AA,总有效率[OR=3.87,95%C(I 3.06,4.88),Z=11.34,P<0.00001],差异有统计学意义;2组的不良反应[RR=0.97,95%CI(0.64,1.45),Z=0.17,P=0.87],差异无统计学意义;2组脱发严重程度工具(SALT)评分[SMD=-2.83,95%C(I-4.65,-1.01),Z=3.05,P=0.002],差异有统计学意义。进行敏感性分析[RR=1.32,95%C(I 1.23,1.42),Z=7.76,P<0.00001],差异有统计学意义。结论复方甘草酸苷片联合米诺地尔酊治疗轻型AA疗效更好,可有效降低SALT评分,不良反应较少。     

Hemodynamic changes between different anatomically designed stents after carotid stenting: a prospective multicenter study

Journal of Neurology - The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the dynamic changes and risk factors of hemodynamic depression (HD) between straight and tapered carotid stenting (SCS...     

Correction to: Limb Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Reduces Repeated Ketamine Exposure-Induced Adverse Effects in the Developing Brain of Rats

Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes in Fig.&nbsp;2c, d and Funding section.     

胸腺上皮肿瘤中程序性死亡蛋白1及其配体的临床研究进展

近年来,随着免疫治疗及肿瘤微环境概念的广泛普及,许多肿瘤靶向位点被人们关注并投以大量的实验研究。程序性死亡蛋白1及其配体（PD-1/PD-L1）作为目前最热门的一个免疫靶点通路,其抑制剂已经应用于多种恶性肿瘤的治疗当中。胸腺上皮肿瘤（TETs）是一种较为少见的肿瘤,目前已有证据表明PD-L1在TETs中存在高表达水平并且其与疾病的预后相关,因此本文针对PD-1/PD-L1在TETs中的临床研究进展作一综述。     

The influence of age on prostate cancer screening index

PurposeThis study aimed to identify parameters with a higher diagnostic value for early screening of prostate cancer (PCa) at different ages.Materials and MethodsA total of 294 patients were included and divided into two groups according to the age of patients (≤66 and >66 years). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of total prostate‐specific antigen (TPSA), free PSA (FPSA), (F/T)PSA, PSA density (PSAD), PSA–AV score, the ratio of patients'' age to prostate volume (AVR) and (F/T)/PSAD were constructed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated, and differences in the AUC values among the above‐mentioned parameters were compared.ResultsThere were 121 patients in the ≤66 years age group (benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH, 103 patients; PCa 18 patients) and 173 patients in the >66 years age group (BPH, 100 patients; PCa, 73 patients). In the ≤66 years age group, the AUC value of AVR for PCa diagnosis was the highest; however, there was no statistically significant difference compared with the AUC values of PSAD and (F/T)/PSAD; compared with TPSA, FPSA, (F/T)PSA and PSA‐AV, the differences were statistically significant. In the >66 years age group, the AUC values of PSAD and PSA–AV for PCa diagnosis were higher than those of TPSA, FPSA, (F/T)PSA and (F/T)/PSAD, and the difference was statistically significant; however, the difference was not statistically significant when compared with the AUC value of AVR.ConclusionIn different age groups, screening indices for PCa diagnosis should be selected according to the age of patients.     

microRNA-128在胶质瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究人脑胶质瘤的microRNA-128(miR-128)表达水平及IDH1突变型、MGMT、Ki-67蛋白表达与胶质瘤病理分级、预后的关系.方法 收集脑胶质瘤手术标本21例,其中病理分级低级别者13例、高级别者8例;脑外伤清除组织6例.采用实时定量PCR法检测胶质瘤标本及胶质瘤细胞株U87、人小胶质细胞株HMC...     

解偶联蛋白2基因-866G/A,Ala55Val及Ins/Del多态性与宁夏回族人群脑缺血发病风险的相关性研究

目的 探讨UCP2基因多态性在回族人群中的分布特点及UCP2SNP与脑缺血发病风险的相关性。方法 收集宁夏地区回族正常人群及回族脑缺血患者外周血样本,提取外周血基因组DNA,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性方法检测各样本UCP2基因-866G/A,Ala55Val及Ins/Del多态性。结果 UCP2基因-866G/A,Ala55Val及Ins/Del多态性在宁夏地区回族正常人群与脑缺血患者中分布频率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 UCP2多态性与宁夏地区回族脑缺血发病无相关性。     

Expression and cellular distribution of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in diabetic renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, in vitro and in vivo

Aim

Inflammation and extracellular matrix hyperplasia are crucial in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) involved in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Macrophage accumulation plays a major role, but whether immune factors contribute to DN pathogenesis is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB-dependent pathway's involvement in TIF pathogenesis.

Methods

STZ-induced diabetic rats and rat renal tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells cultured under high glucose conditions were used as in vivo and in vitro models, respectively. Real-time RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, MCP-1, and α-SMA.

Results

Compared with 5.5 mmol/L glucose, treatment of NRK-52E cells with 25 and 50 mmol/L d-glucose resulted in significantly increased TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.05). TLR4 and MyD88 were detected in the cytoplasm of most NRK-52E cells cultured under high glucose. Pronounced damage in the renal tubulointerstitium was observed in diabetic rats (scores: 3.82 ± 0.65 vs. 0.38 ± 0.08, P < 0.01). Compared with the normal controls, a sharp upregulation of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, MCP-1, and α-SMA mRNA and protein levels was observed in diabetic rat kidneys (P < 0.05). In diabetic animals, TLR4 and MyD88 were strongly expressed in the cytoplasm, while NF-κB p65 was widely expressed in cytoplasm and nuclei of renal tubular epithelial cells.

Conclusion

The inflammatory reaction and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation observed in renal tubulointerstitium may be the result of overactivation of the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB-dependent innate immunity under high glucose, and may be involved in DN occurrence and progression.