对氧磷酶1基因192位Gln/Arg多态性对冠心病患者内皮功能的影响

目的研究国人血清对氧磷酶1（PON1）基因192位Gln/Arg多态性对冠心病患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法应用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片断长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法,对石家庄地区汉族151例冠心病患者及91例正常对照者PON1基因192位Gln/Arg多态性进行分析,同时应用超声检测肱动脉内皮功能。结果冠心病组及正常对照组PON1基因均以QR基因型为主,其频率分别为48%和54%。冠心病组RR型基因频率高于对照组（P<0.05）。平衡法计算等位基因的频率,R等位基因在冠心病组明显增高（65%vs39%,P<0.05）。冠心病组PON1各基因型内皮依赖性舒张功能均低于对照组（P<0.05）,以RR基因型最为明显,其次为QR基因性;而两组非内皮依赖性舒张功能差异无显著性。结论PON1基因192位Gln/Arg多态性可能与冠心病患者血管内皮功能异常有关。R等位基因可能为血管内皮功能受损的相对危险因素,且参与冠心病的发病。     

胶质瘤组织UCH37表达水平与病人预后的相关性

目的 探讨胶质瘤组织泛素化羧基末端水解酶37（UCH37）表达水平与病人预后的相关性。方法 选取2017年6月至2019年6月手术切除的脑胶质瘤组织104例和瘤旁脑组织64例,采用免疫组化法检测组织UCH37表达水平,根据免疫组化染色评分分成高表达组、低表达组;采用PCR法检测组织UCH37 mRNA水平。术后随访18个月,记录死亡、生存情况。结果 104例中,死亡20例,存活84例;UCH37高表达62例,低表达42例。脑胶质瘤组织UCH37高表达率（59.62%）明显高于瘤旁组织（17.19%;P<0.05）,而且脑胶质瘤组织UCH37 mRNA表达量明显高于瘤旁组织（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示UCH37高表达是脑胶质瘤术后死亡的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。UCH37高表达组中位生存期（9个月）较低表达组（13个月）明显缩短（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,UCH37 mRNA评估病人术后死亡的最佳界值为2.725,曲线下面积为0.797（95%置信区间0.695~0.899）,敏感度为70.00%,特异度为70.10%。结论 脑胶质瘤UCH37呈高表达,表达水平越高,预后越差。肿瘤组织UCH37 mRNA水平检测对病人预后有一定评估价值。     

Mental Health Multimorbidity among Caregivers of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Epidemic

ObjectiveTo investigate mental health status and associated factors among caregivers of older adults during the COVID-19 epidemic in China.MethodsFrom March 1 to 31, 2020, 916 caregivers of older adults participated in an online cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and sleep problems. The seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was administered to measure anxiety symptoms, the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) was used to assess depressive symptoms, and a self-developed questionnaire was used to assess sleep quality and duration. Six questions about COVID-19-related experiences were used to assess community-level infection contact and the level of exposure to media information. The prevalence rates of anxiety, depression and sleep problems were computed. The Wald χ² were applied to compare the differences between subgroups. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate factors associated with anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and multimorbidity.ResultsThe prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and sleep problems were 46.8%, 29.8%, and 10.8%, respectively. Approximately 263 participants (28.7%) presented with two or more mental health problems. Being female (OR, 2.254; 95% CI, 1.510–3.363), having community-level COVID-19 contact (OR, 1.856; 95% CI, 1.189–2.898), and having a mental disorder (OR, 3.610; 95% CI, 1.644–7.930) were associated with increased risk of multimorbidity among caregivers. Caregivers who preferred positive information (OR, 0.652; 95% CI, 0.472–0.899) had reduced risk of multimorbidity.ConclusionAnxiety and depression were common among caregivers of older adults during the COVID-19 epidemic. Being female and having community-level COVID-19 contact were independent risk factors for experiencing multiple mental health problems. Preexisting mental disorders increased the risk of multimorbidity among caregivers, while enhanced access to positive media information decreased the risk of multimorbidity.     

Heat shock protein is a key therapeutic target for nerve repair in autoimmune peripheral neuropathy and severe peripheral nerve injury

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune peripheral neuropathy and a common cause of neuromuscular paralysis. Preceding infection induces the production of anti-ganglioside (GD) antibodies attacking its own peripheral nerves. In severe proximal peripheral nerve injuries that require long-distance axon regeneration, motor functional recovery is virtually nonexistent. Damaged axons fail to regrow and reinnervate target muscles. In mice, regenerating axons must reach the target muscle within 35 days (critical period) to reform functional neuromuscular junctions and regain motor function. Successful functional recovery depends on the rate of axon regeneration and debris removal (Wallerian degeneration) after nerve injury. The innate-immune response of the peripheral nervous system to nerve injury such as timing and magnitude of cytokine production is crucial for Wallerian degeneration. In the current study, forced expression of human heat shock protein (hHsp) 27 completely reversed anti-GD-induced inhibitory effects on nerve repair assessed by animal behavioral assays, electrophysiology and histology studies, and the beneficial effect was validated in a second mouse line of hHsp27. The protective effect of hHsp27 on prolonged muscle denervation was examined by performing repeated sciatic nerve crushes to delay regenerating axons from reaching distal muscle from 37 days up to 55 days. Strikingly, hHsp27 was able to extend the critical period of motor functional recovery for up to 55 days and preserve the integrity of axons and mitochondria in distal nerves. Cytokine array analysis demonstrated that a number of key cytokines which are heavily involved in the early phase of innate-immune response of Wallerian degeneration, were found to be upregulated in the sciatic nerve lysates of hHsp27 Tg mice at 1 day postinjury. However, persistent hyperinflammatory mediator changes were found after chronic denervation in sciatic nerves of littermate mice, but remained unchanged in hHsp27 Tg mice. Taken together, the current study provides insight into the development of therapeutic strategies to enhance muscle receptiveness (reinnervation) by accelerating axon regeneration and Wallerian degeneration.     

过氧化物还原酶I-硫氧还蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶及过氧化氢酶在大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤中的表达变化

目的 观察过氧化物还原酶I-硫氧还蛋白(PrxI-Trx)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)抗氧化体系在大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤模型中的表达变化,探讨其在抗氧化应激反应中的作用。方法 通过无损伤血管夹钳夹通往大鼠肝左叶、肝中叶的血管和胆管蒂,30 min后松
开血管夹,制造大鼠70%肝脏缺血再灌注损伤模型。损伤再灌注6h后取血和肝脏。全自动生化分析仪测丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）含量。HE法观察大鼠肝脏形态学改变。采用RT-PCR的方法观察在肝脏缺血再灌注损伤中PrxI-Trx、SOD、CAT氧化还原体系mRNA水平的表达变化。采用Western
blotting测定PrxI、SOD和CAT的蛋白表达水平。结果 与对照组相比,血清中ALT水平和HE结果均显示肝脏缺血再灌注损伤组大鼠肝细胞明显受损。PrxI-Trx、SOD和CAT的mRNA水平明显升高。同时,PrxI、SOD和CAT的蛋白表达水平也明显升高。结论 PrxI-Trx、SOD和CAT在肝脏缺血再灌
注损伤中均发挥了抗氧化应激作用,对肝细胞具有保护作用。     

促红细胞生成素对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:检测促红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin,EPO)对荷黑色素瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法:将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为3组:正常对照组、盐水处理组和EPO处理组,盐水处理组和EPO处理组小鼠皮下接种黑色素瘤细胞B16.17天后,检测各组小鼠外周血中红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct)和白细胞(WBC)数量及脾脏脏器指数;应用流式细胞术检测脾细胞CD4+、CD8+T细胞亚群的分布;ELISA检测血清中IL-2和TNF-α细胞因子的水平.结果:盐水处理组荷瘤小鼠外周血中RBC、Hb和Hct含量明显低于正常对照组小鼠(P＜0.05),应用EPO可明显提高荷瘤小鼠外周血中RBC、Hb和Hct含量及脾脏脏器指数(P＜0.05),三组小鼠外周血中WBC数量无明显差别(P＞0.05);盐水处理组及EPO处理组荷瘤小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞百分率及CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值明显低于正常小鼠(P＜0.05).EPO处理组与盐水处理组相比,CD4+T细胞百分率无差别(P＞0.05),而CD8+T细胞百分率下降(P＜0.05),致使EPO处理组小鼠CD4 +/CD8+T细胞比值升高(P＜0.05);盐水处理组及EPO处理组荷瘤小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-2含量明显低于正常小鼠(P＜0.05),EPO处理组小鼠血清中IL-2水平与盐水处理组相比增高(P＜0.05),但该两组小鼠血清中TNF-α含量无明显差别(P＞0.05).结论:EPO在改善荷瘤小鼠贫血状态的同时,还可通过提高外周血CD4 +/CD8+T细胞比值和IL-2含量而增强小鼠的免疫功能.     

腕佩式心率远程报警器研制

研制一种新型腕佩式心率监测报警器,用于实时检测心脏病患者脉搏,在心率异常或脉搏消失时发出音响报警并自动拨打电话远程报警。该系统采用开关电路控制手机键盘,借助成熟手机技术及通信平台实现远程报警;程序对数字化的脉搏信号进行智能化分析识别,每捕获5个连续正确的心电波形,计算一次平均心率。为心脏病患者日常监护和报警提供了一种简单、廉价、有效的方法。     

Wire loop sinus membrane elevator: a novel instrument for lateral window sinus lift

This technical note introduces a novel instrument to facilitate lateral window sinus membrane elevation. The fabrication and use of the instrument are reported. The features of this instrument include easy control, good tactile sensation, flexibility in adjusting the instrument, and simple to replicate. Since its introduction, it has been the preferred instrument of our implant surgical trainees. Most importantly, it has proved to be an invaluable teaching tool, as it has helped not only to boost trainee confidence in the procedure, but also in their use of other sinus elevation instruments.     

Effect of Intravenous Administration of Liposomal Prostaglandin E1 on Microcirculation in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Intervention

Background:

Several studies have demonstrated that primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can result in reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1, Alprostadil, Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) for enhancing microcirculation in reperfusion injury. In addition, this study determined the optimal administration method for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI.

Methods:

Totally, 68 patients with STEMI were randomly assigned to two groups: intravenous administration of Lipo-PGE1 (Group A), and no Lipo-PGE1 administration (Group B). The corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (cTFC) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were calculated. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were also measured.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The cTFC parameter in Group A was significantly lower than Group B (18.06 ± 2.06 vs. 25.31 ± 2.59, P < 0.01). The ratio of final MBG grade-3 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Group A (87.9%) relative to Group B (65.7%). There was no significant difference between the two groups in final TIMI-3 flow and no-reflow. Patients were followed up for 6 months, and the occurrence of MACE in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B (6.1% vs. 25.9% respectively, P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Myocardial microcirculation of reperfusion injury in patients with STEMI, after primary PCI, can be improved by administering Lipo-PGE1.     

Relationship between lipids levels and right ventricular volume overload in congestive heart failure

BackgroundThe relationship between lipids and coronary artery disease has been well established. However, this is not the case between lipids and heart failure. Ironically, high lipid levels are associated with better outcomes in heart failure, but the mechan-isms underlying the phenomenon are not fully understood. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that reduced intestinal lipid absorption due to venous congestion may lead to low lipid levels.MethodsWe collected data of clinical characteristics, echocardio-graph, and lipid profile in 442 unselected patients with congestive heart failure. Correlations between lipid levels[including total cho-lesterol（TCL）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）, and triglycerides（TG）]and right ventricle end diastolic diameter （RVEDD）, left ventricle end diastolic diameter （LVEDD）, right atrium diameter （RA）, left atrium diameter （LA）, or left ventricle ejection fraction （LVEF） were analyzed using Pearson correlation and partial correlation. RVEDD, LVEDD, RA, and LA were indexed to the body surface area.ResultsThere was a significantly inverse correlation between TCL le-vels and RVEDD （r=-0.34,P〈0.001） and RA （r=-0.36,P〈0.001）. Other lipids such as LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG had asimilar inverse correlation with RVEDD and RA. All these correlations remained unchanged after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, physical activity levels, comorbidities, and medication use.ConclusionsLipid levels were inversely correlated to RVEDD in patients with congestive heart failure; however, because this was an observational study, further investigation is needed to verify our results as wellas identify a causal relationship, if any.