Risk factors of enteral feeding intolerance in severe acute pancreatitis patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have gastrointestinal dysfunction, and enteral nutrition intolerance is easy to occur during the implementation of enteral nutrition, which leads to the suspension or termination of enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition cannot tolerate the influence of many factors. At present, there is a lack of analysis on the influencing factors of enteral nutrition intolerance in patients with SAP. Therefore, this study analyzed the factors of enteral nutrition intolerance in patients with SAP by meta-analysis, to provide a basis for the protection of enteral nutrition in patients with SAP.Methods:Databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang) were searched using index words to find relevant studies published before March 2021. Meta-analyses of relative risk were performed for the identification of risk factors.Results:We will disseminate the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis via publications in peer-reviewed journals.Conclusion:This study systematically reviewed the existing evidence and determined the incidence and predictors of enteral nutrition intolerance in patients with SAP.     

Evaluation of adalimumab biosimilar candidate (HS016) in Chinese patients with active ankylosing spondylitis based on a health survey: sub-analysis of a phase 3 study

Clinical Rheumatology - The equivalence of the biosimilar HS016 to adalimumab (Humira) for the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients has been previously validated. The aim was to...     

五子衍宗方合逍遥散加减对男子弱精症的临床疗效

目的:观察五子衍宗方合逍遥散加减对男子弱精症的临床疗效。方法:136例弱精症患者随机分为治疗组(n=95)和对照组(n=41)。治疗组口服五子衍宗方合逍遥散加减;对照组只口服五子衍宗丸,连服三个月(一个疗程)。比较两组治疗前后精子活力、畸形率和密度,并比较两组临床疗效。结果:治疗前两组精子活力、畸形率和密度均无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗1个疗程后,两组a级精子百分率和a+b级精子百分率均较治疗前增加(P0.01),治疗组较对照组增加更显著(P0.01);两组精子畸形率较治疗前降低(P0.01),治疗组降低更明显(P0.01);两组精子密度较治疗前升高(P0.01),治疗组升高更显著(P0.01)。治疗组临床总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:五子衍宗方合逍遥散加减对男子弱精症有较好疗效。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者血清NGAL检测及意义

目的 探讨溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者血液中NGAL的含量和意义.方法 使用胶乳增强免疫比浊法检测89例UC患者血清中NGAL含量并与对照组比较.分析NGAL水平与UC患者WBC数量、PLT数量、CRP和Hgb、HCT、ESR、年龄、疾病活动程度(DAI)关系.结果 UC患者血清中NGAL水平显著高于健康对照组,中位数分别为112ng/mL和48.2ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.0001).血清NGAL水平在轻度和中、重度UC患者血清NGAL中位数分别为78.2ng/mL和67.2ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=3.981,P=0.006).UC患者血清NGAL水平与WBC数量、PLT数量、CRP和Hgb、HCT、ESR、年龄无关(P＞0.05),与疾病活动程度(DAI)轻度相关(r=0.525,P＜0.0001).结论 溃疡性结肠炎患者血清NGAL水平升高,升高水平与疾病活动程度有关,但是其在疾病中的作用尚需进一步研究.     

瑞舒伐他汀对自发性高血压大鼠心肌组织SOD、MDA、NO、ET的影响

目的：观察氧自由基损害和血管内皮功能失调与高血压发生的关系及瑞舒伐他汀干预的影响。方法将8只Wistar －Kyoto 大鼠（WKY）作为正常对照组;32只自发性高血压（SHR）大鼠,随机分为瑞舒伐他汀低剂量组3．125 mg／（kg· d）、瑞舒伐他汀中剂量组6．25 mg／（kg· d）、瑞舒伐他汀高剂量组12．5 mg／（kg· d）和SHR 对照组,每组8只。给药大鼠分别每日给予不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀＋1 mL蒸馏水灌胃;SHR 对照组给予相同容积的蒸馏水灌胃,测量血压。4周停药,3天后麻醉状态下提取心肌组织,用比色法检测SOD、MDA、NO 的水平,免疫组化法测定ET 的表达,PCR 法测定SODmRNA 的水平。结果自发性高血压大鼠SOD 活力、SODmRNA 表达、NO 含量下降,MDA 含量、ET －1的表达增强,与正常对照组比较,P ＜0．05。瑞舒伐他汀干预后上述指标均有改善（P ＜0．05）,且呈剂量相关性。瑞舒伐他汀干预后SHR 大鼠血压下降,但无剂量相关性。结论 SHR 大鼠存在氧化应激反应的增强,瑞舒伐他汀可通过降低氧化应激反应,改善血管内皮功能、降低血压。     

Factors influencing extrauterine growth retardation in singleton-non-small for gestational age infants in China: A prospective multicenter study

BackgroundThe incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) varies considerably in different countries due to the distinct definitions and inclusion criteria of individual studies. Most studies included small for gestational age (SGA) very preterm infants (VPIs), resulting in a higher incidence of EUGR. Experts have suggested the accurate definition of “EUGR” in SGA infants is not “true EUGR”. The postnatal growth curve of multiple premature births also differs from that of singletons. As far as we know, there is no study about relationship between singleton-non-SGA preterm infants and EUGR.ObjectivesTo analyze the factors influencing EUGR among VPIs who were singleton-non-SGA in China.MethodsA prospective-multicenter study was conducted in 28 hospitals distributed through China from September 2019 to December 2020. The clinical data on singleton-non-SGA among VPIs were divided into EUGR group (n = 692) and non-EUGR group (n = 912).ResultsCompared to non-EUGR group, the mean gestational age (GA), mean birth weight (BW) and percentage of BW in Fenton curve in EUGR group were lower (P < 0.001 for all). The incidence of EUGR among distinct GA groups (classifications of GA < 28weeks, 28–28⁺⁶ weeks, 29–29⁺⁶ weeks, 30–30⁺⁶ weeks and 31–31⁺⁶ weeks) and distinct BW groups (classifications of BW<1000 g, 1000–1249 g, 1250–1499 g, 1500–1999g and 2000–2500 g) were statistically significant (P = 0.004 and P <.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that later addition of human milk fortifier (HMF), later attainment of HMF sufficient fortification, later return to BW, more accumulative days of fasting, longer duration of parenteral nutrition, total duration of oxygen support and moderate/severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were risk factors for the development of EUGR in singleton-non-SGA VPIs (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.017, P = 0.003 and P = 0.002, respectively). The use of full-course antenatal steroids, greater BW as a percentile of the Fenton curve, breastfeeding initiation and faster average velocity of weight growth effectively protected against EUGR (P = 0.008, P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsThe overall incidence of EUGR was 43.1% among singleton-non-SGA VPIs in China. Raising the full-course antenatal steroids usage, reducing the incidence of moderate and severe BPD, attaching importance to the management of enteral nutrition in VPIs and increasing the weight growth velocity can reduce the incidence of EUGR.     

不同缺血时间再灌注损伤对大鼠骨骼肌的影响

目的探讨不同缺血时间再灌注损伤对大鼠骨骼肌的影响。方法选取35只雄性Wistar大鼠,采用单侧夹闭股动脉和压力绷带施压的方法构建下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)模型。根据不同缺血时间分为2 h缺血24 h再灌注(I2R24组)、2.5 h缺血24 h再灌注(I2.5R24组)、3 h缺血24 h再灌注(I3R24组)、4 h缺血24 h再灌注(I4R24组)、假手术组,每组7只。在再灌注终点,收集腓肠肌组织和血浆进行分析。采用湿重/干重比值(W/D)评估组织水肿情况;3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)检测组织活力;HE染色观察组织病理学变化;免疫荧光染色检测补体C1q和C3b/c沉积、凝血组织因子(TF)表达和纤维蛋白原(FN)沉积、缓激肽受体1(BR1)和BR2表达、内皮血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)和E选择素表达、炎症纤维介素蛋白-2(FGL-2)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)表达;ELISA法检测血浆干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-7(IL-7)、IL-18、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α(MIP-1α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平。结果延长缺血时间再灌注,组织水肿逐渐加重,I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组W/D分别为5.3±0.2、6.1±0.3、6.9±0.2、7.6±0.3,高于假手术组的4.5±0.1(P均<0.01)。组织活力逐渐降低,I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组分别为(62.4±3.5)%、(45.3±3.3)%、(35.4±3.4)%、(27.1±5.9)%,低于假手术组的(93.8±7.2)%(P均<0.01)。病理组织损伤逐渐加重,最重为I4R24组,有严重肌细胞损伤、间质水肿和大量炎性细胞浸润,余依次为I3R24组、I2.5R24组、I2R24组,假手术组肌细胞结构完整、排列整齐。免疫荧光染色提示C1q、C3b/c、FN、BR1、VCAM-1、E选择素、FGL-2水平逐渐升高,由低到高依次为假手术组、I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组。MPO阳性细胞数/高倍镜(×200)细胞总数的大体比例逐渐升高,从高到低依次为I4R24组、I3R24组、I2.5R24组、I2R24组、假手术组。而TF和BR2表达在各组间无明显改变。血浆IFN-γ、IL-7、IL-18、MIP-1α、MCP-1浓度随缺血时间延长均逐渐升高(P均<0.01),从低到高依次为假手术组、I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组(P均<0.01)。结论延长缺血时间再灌注增加补体、凝血、激肽、内皮细胞激活及炎症因子释放,从而加重大鼠骨骼肌组织损伤。     

无创正压通气在危重症支气管哮喘治疗中的应用价值研究进展

无创正压通气（noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation，NIPPV）技术具有简便经济、安全有效的特点，其在慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭中的应用已经为广大医师认可，但在危重支气管哮喘（哮喘）治疗中的应用价值，尚存在一定争议。本文对近年来NIPPV在危重哮喘治疗中的作用、地位和最新进展进行综述。在常规药物治疗的基础上，采用双水平鼻／面罩NIPPV用于危重症哮喘合并呼吸衰竭的治疗，安全有效，可减少气管插管率，降低住院时间和费用，但应严格掌握适应证，密切监测各项指标，必要时转为有创通气，避免贻误治疗时机。