慢性阻塞性肺疾病中MMP-9/TIMP-1与Th17/Treg作用与联系

目的 检测慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）外周血中Th17、Treg细胞占CD4^＋T细胞的比例、Th 17/Treg比值和血浆中MMP-9、TIMP-1含量、MMP-9/TIMP-1比值,探讨其在发病中的作用和机制.方法 COPD急性加重组患者30例,COPD缓解组25例患者健康吸烟组20例患者,健康非吸烟组20例患者;采用流式细胞分析技术检测Th17、Treg细胞占CD4^＋T细胞的比例,ELISA法检测血浆中MMP-9、TIMP-1含量.结果 外周血Th17占CD4^＋T细胞的比例在：COPD急性期组高于缓解组、健康非吸烟组、健康吸烟组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,COPD缓解期组与健康吸烟组相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,与健康非吸烟组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.外周血Treg占CD4＋T细胞比例在：各组间比较,差异无统计学意义（F=1.971,P＞0.05）;Th17/Treg比值的：COPD急性期组分别与COPD缓解期组、健康吸烟组、健康非吸烟组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,COPD缓解期组与健康吸烟和健康非吸烟组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;血浆中MMP-9含量的在：COPD急性期组与COPD缓解期组、健康吸烟组、健康非吸烟组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,COPD缓解期组与健康吸烟组、健康非吸烟组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,血浆中MMP-9/TIMP-1比值：COPD急性加重期组与其他三组相比均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,COPD缓解期组与健康组相比,均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 Th17、Treg细胞、MMP-9、TIMP-1可能均参与了COPD的发生和发展.Th17、MMP-9增高可能促发COPD的发生和急性加重,并且两者存在一定相关性,并相互影响,加重COPD的自体免疫反应.     

甘草甜素对人颊黏膜成纤维细胞炎症反应的初步研究

目的：观察甘草甜素对经脂多糖刺激后体外培养的人颊黏膜成纤维细胞炎症反应的作用。方法：取正常人颊黏膜,组织块法体外培养颊黏膜成纤维细胞,加入不同浓度的甘草甜素,培养24h、48h、72h后,经MTT法检测每孔的光密度值（OD）。用脂多糖（LPS）对细胞进行干预,用来模拟口腔扁平苔藓（0LP）的炎症状态。以第4代成纤维细胞为对照组、加入脂多糖为炎症组、同时加入脂多糖和甘草甜素为实验组,用ELISA法分别检测三组白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的浓度。结果：MTT法测出甘草甜素在一定范围内浓度越高、时间越长,抑制细胞的增殖作用就越强;ELISA法检测出炎症组较对照组上清液中IL-6浓度明显升高,实验组较炎症组上清液中IL-6浓度明显降低。结论：甘草甜素可明显抑制由脂多糖刺激的人颊黏膜成纤维细胞分泌IL-6。甘草甜素在治疗OLP的炎症反应中有重要作用。     

山西人群MTHFR基因rs1801133位点多态性与非综合征性唇腭裂的关联性研究

目的:研究亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,MTHFR)基因rs1801133位点多态性与非综合征性唇腭裂(NSCL/P)的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,检测334例非综合征性唇腭裂患者和314例正常对照组的MTHFR基因rs1801133位点的多态性。结果:MTHFR基因rs1801133位点基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡;MTHFR基因rs1801133位点基因型及等位基因的分布在NSCL/P组与对照组之间均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:MTHFR基因rs1801133位点多态性与山西人群非综合征性唇腭裂的发生无关。     

Valproic acid reduces autophagy and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats

Secondary damage is a critical determinant of the functional outcome in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), and involves multiple mechanisms of which the most important is the loss of nerve cells mediated by multiple factors. Autophagy can result in cell death, and plays a key role in the development of SCI. It has been recognized that valproic acid (VPA) is neuroprotective in certain experimental animal models, however, the levels of autophagic changes in the process of neuroprotection by VPA treatment following SCI are still unknown. In the present study, we determined the extent of autophagy after VPA treatment in a rat model of SCI. We found that both the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 were significantly increased at 1, 2, and 6 h after SCI and peaked at 2 h; however, Western blot showed that autophagy was markedly decreased by VPA treatment at 2 h post-injury. Besides, post-SCI treatment with VPA improved the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale, increased the number of ventral horn motoneurons, and reduced myelin sheath damage compared with vehicle-treated animals at 42 days after SCI. Together, our results demonstrated the characteristics of autophagy expression following SCI, and found that VPA reduced autophagy and enhanced motor function.     

Abnormal activation of the occipital lobes during emotion picture processing in major depressive disorder patients

A large number of studies have demonstrated that depression patients have cognitive dysfunction. With recently developed brain functional imaging, studies have focused on changes in brain function to investigate cognitive changes. However, there is still controversy regarding abnormalities in brain functions or correlation between cognitive impairment and brain function changes. Thus, it is important to design an emotion-related task for research into brain function changes. We selected positive, neutral, and negative pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Patients with major depressive disorder were asked to judge emotion pictures. In addition, functional MRI was performed to synchronously record behavior data and imaging data. Results showed that the total correct rate for recognizing pictures was lower in patients compared with normal controls. Moreover, the consistency for recognizing pictures for depressed patients was worse than normal controls, and they frequently recognized positive pictures as negative pictures. The consistency for recognizing pictures was negatively correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Functional MRI suggested that the activation of some areas in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, limbic lobe, and cerebellum was enhanced, but that the activation of some areas in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe was weakened while the patients were watching positive and neutral pictures compared with normal controls. The activation of some areas in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and limbic lobe was enhanced, but the activation of some areas in the occipital lobe were weakened while the patients were watching the negative pictures compared with normal controls. These findings indicate that patients with major depressive disorder have negative cognitive disorder and extensive brain dysfunction. Thus, reduced activation of the occipital lobe may be an initiating factor for cognitive disorder in depressed patients.     

重度磨耗对大鼠三叉神经节中CGRP表达的影响

目的：探讨重度磨耗对大鼠三又神经节中降钙素基因相关肽（calcitonin gene—related petide,CGRP）表达的影响。方法：8周龄雄性SD大鼠75只,随机平均分为操作对照组、空白对照组和实验组,每组各25只,实验组用人工逐次磨低大鼠牙冠高度的方法建立重度磨耗动物模型。各组分别于干预后3、7、14、21、28天处死5只动物,取出双侧三叉神经节,通过免疫荧光染色的方法观察三叉神经节中CGRP的表达变化。结果：与空白对照组和操作对照组相比,实验组3天组和7天组的CGRP阳性神经元数量明显增加（P〈0．05）,14天组和21天组CGRP阳性神经元数量有所减少,但仍明显多于对照组（P〈0．05）,28天组基本恢复正常（P〉0．05）。结论：重度磨耗可导致大鼠三叉神经节内CGRP表达的可逆性变化。     

老年人甲状腺功能低下的认知损害特点研究

目的探讨老年甲状腺功能低下患者的认知损害特点。方法选择原发性甲状腺功能减退患者60例,根据年龄分为老年组15例和年轻组45例,并2组患者进行神经心理学检测。结果老年组在图形延迟回忆、连线A、词表学习3、数字倒背、符号数字试验中较非老年组成绩差,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而简易智能状态检查量表评分、立体图形、画钟表试验、图像记忆、摆积木、复杂图形描摹、复杂图形回忆,连线B、词表学习1、词表学习2、词表延迟回忆、词语再认、数字顺背、词语流畅性等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论老年原发性甲状腺功能低下患者的认知损害在一些认知易老化区域表现较年轻患者有更严重的损害。     

生长停滞特异性基因产物6的2个单核苷酸多态性与缺血性脑卒中的相关性

目的探讨生长停滞特异性基因产物6(growth arrest-specific gene 6,Gas 6)单核苷酸多态性(single nucleo-tide polymorphisms,SNP)与缺血性脑卒中(ischemic stroke,IS)及其亚型发生的相关性。方法选择IS患者119例作为病例组,同期随机抽取无心、脑及周围动脉粥样硬化史的健康体检者217例作为对照组。根据既往研究的阳性结果及HapMap数据库,选择Gas6 rs8191974及rs7400722位点分析。采用PCR-RFLP技术进行2个SNP基因分型。采用logistic多元回归分析IS及其亚型的危险因素。结果 2组2个SNP基因型(P=0.80、0.79)、等位基因频率(P=0.57、0.50)及不同模型基因频率(显性:P=0.93、0.58;隐性:P=0.51、0.58)比较,差异均无统计学意义;以连锁不平衡系数>0.5为判断标准,共构建4个单体型(G-C,G-T,A-C,A T),2组4个单体型分布频率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);校正相关危险因素后,差异仍无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Gas6 rs8191 974及rs7400722位点基因型、等位基因频率及单体型与IS无明显相关性。     

糖尿病视网膜病变诊疗的研究现状:基于OCTA

糖尿病是一种由高血糖引起的慢性进行性疾病,糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）作为其常见的微血管损伤并发症,可以造成视力损伤甚至失明,是引起中老年人群致盲的主要原因之一。OCTA是一种无创、快速和高效的成像技术,可用于检测视网膜微血管的变化,尤其可以清晰地显示糖尿病黄斑病变。因此,其可用于监测DR的病情变化,并可用于判断患者预后。本文将对OCTA 在DR诊疗中的应用作一综述。     

PVP-coated Sb2Se3 nanorods as nanotheranostic agents for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy in NIR-I bio-windows

Antimony selenide (Sb₂Se₃) as a simple, low toxicity, low-cost p-type semiconductor material with broad absorbance ranging from the UV to the NIR region has many potential applications in photovoltaic, thermoelectric, and phase-change memory devices. Owing to these excellent properties, Sb₂Se₃ nanorods were firstly synthesized with triphenylantimony and dibenzyldiselenide under solvothermal conditions. In order to enhance the biocompatibility of the Sb₂Se₃ nanorods, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was coated onto the surface of the Sb₂Se₃ nanorods to form PVP-coated Sb₂Se₃ nanorods. The cell viability of PVP-coated Sb₂Se₃ nanorods toward Hep-2 cells was assessed for 24 h using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The results showed that Hep-2 cells treated with PVP-coated Sb₂Se₃ nanorods were alive at a concentration as high as 100 μg mL⁻¹ in the absence of NIR irradiation. In vivo assessment confirmed that PVP-coated Sb₂Se₃ nanorods exhibited excellent photoacoustic imaging and PTT performance, which yielded complete ablation of tumors after laser irradiation (808 nm or 980 nm) in the NIR-I bio-window.

Herein we reported a biocompatible PVP-coated Sb₂Se₃ nanorods as PTT nanotheranostic agent, which is responsive to the light (808 and 980 nm) in NIR-I bio-windows and effective for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal destruction of cancer cell.