基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育在肝切除术中的应用效果

目的 探讨基于加速康复外科（ERAS）理念的健康行动过程取向（HAPA）模型健康教育在肝切除术中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年6月在湖北省荆州市第一人民医院行肝切除术的患者90例,按照随机数字表法,分为干预组和对照组,每组45例。对照组给予常规健康教育,干预组给予基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育,比较两组患者术后身体体征恢复情况、自我效能感、健康行为、自我管理能力差异。结果 干预组患者首次活动时间为（23.87±4.32）min、首次进食时间为（9.87±2.67）h、首次通气时间为（45.28±4.32）min、引流管拔管时间为（22.45±4.25）h、住院时间为（10.53±2.85）d,均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后,干预组患者自我效能感量表、健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ、成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表评分均高于对照组,且干预前后各指标差值比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 肝切除术患者采用基于ERAS理念的HAPA模型健康教育干预,能够提高术后身体体征恢复效率,改善患者自我效能感、健康行为及自我管理能力。     

Impact of Margin Status on Survival in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

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Assessment of static and perfusion methods for decellularization of PCL membrane-supported periodontal ligament cell sheet constructs

ObjectivesDecellularization aims to harness the regenerative properties of native extracellular matrix. The objective of this study was to evaluate different methods of decellularization of periodontal ligament cell sheets whilst maintaining their structural and biological integrity.DesignHuman periodontal ligament cell sheets were placed onto melt electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes that reinforced the cell sheets during the various decellularization protocols. These cell sheet constructs (CSCs) were decellularized under static/perfusion conditions using a) 20 mM ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)/Triton X-100, 0.5% v/v; and b) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 0.2% v/v), both +/− DNase besides Freeze–thaw (F/T) cycling method. CSCs were assessed using a collagen quantification assay, immunostaining and scanning electron microscopy. Residual fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were assessed with Bio-plex assays.ResultsDNA removal without DNase was higher under static conditions. However, after DNase treatment, there were no differences between the different decellularization methods with virtually 100% DNA removal. DNA elimination in F/T was less efficient even after DNase treatment. Collagen content was preserved with all techniques, except with SDS treatment. Structural integrity was preserved after NH4OH/Triton X-100 and F/T treatment, while SDS altered the extracellular matrix structure. Growth factor amounts were reduced after decellularization with all methods, with the greatest reduction (to virtually undetectable amounts) following SDS treatment, while NH4OH/Triton X-100 and DNase treatment resulted in approximately 10% retention.ConclusionsThis study showed that treatment with NH4OH/Triton X-100 and DNase solution was the most efficient method for DNA removal and the preservation of extracellular matrix integrity and growth factors retention.     

Residual total pancreatectomy: Short- and long-term outcomes

Background/objectivesBecause of limited numbers of patients, there are limited data available regarding outcomes after residual total pancreatectomy (R-TP). This study aimed to assess outcomes after the R-TP vs the one-stage total pancreatectomy (O-TP), especially focused on the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases.MethodsFrom 2005 to 2014, all patients who underwent the R-TP (n = 8) and the O-TP (n = 12) for pancreatic primary malignancy were prospectively enrolled.ResultsThe median time from the initial operation to the R-TP was 30 months. Ten patients in the O-TP group and 8 in the R-TP had pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Postoperative complications occurred in two O-TP patients and one R-TP patient. There was no in-hospital mortality. At 12 months after surgery, the median insulin dose was 27 U/day after the O-TP and 24 U/day after the R-TP, the median hemoglobin A1c was 7.2% after the O-TP and 6.9% after the R-TP. There was a significantly larger reduction in body weight after the O-TP than after the R-TP. Postoperative fatty liver disease occurred in about half of the patients in each group. In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the 2-year overall survival rate was not significantly different (68.6% after the O-TP vs 71.4% after the R-TP).ConclusionsAlthough the postoperative morbidity and nutritional statuses should be improved, these favorable short- and long-term outcomes demonstrate that the R-TP is a feasible procedure for patients with malignant tumor in the remnant pancreas.     

Preoperative tyrosine kinase inhibitors risks bowel anastomotic healing in patients with advanced primary and recurrent/metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors--- A rose has its thorns

BackgroundThe combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and surgery has created a paradigm shift for advanced primary and metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, the associated surgical morbidity rate is reportedly high, which we hypothesized is attributable to the adverse effects of the previous use of TKIs on bowel anastomosis healing.MethodsA total of 613 GIST patients with (n = 108) and without (n = 505) preoperative TKI treatment were enrolled. Propensity score matching compared the surgical morbidities and mortalities between the two cohorts. An animal model was used to elucidate the relevant mechanism.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, the incidence and severity of surgical complications were higher in patients with preoperative TKIs than in those without (34% vs 10%, p < 0.0001; grades 3–5, 16% vs 2%, p < 0.0001). Specifically, the incidence of bowel anastomosis leakage was increased in those with versus those without preoperative TKI (18% vs 6%, p = 0.032). A constellation of mucosal shedding, shortening of villus height and crypt depth, and disarrayed epithelial lining of the bowel was observed with preoperative TKI treatment. The animal model showed that bowel anastomosis healing was weakened by imatinib through the downregulation of Col1A1, Col3A1, and MMPs.ConclusionsImpaired bowel anastomosis healing was responsible for the extraordinarily high surgical morbidity rate of patients with GIST after TKI treatment. The mechanism involved altered tissue microarchitecture and dysregulated Col1A1, Col3A1, and MMP expressions.