老年冠心病患者踝臂指数和心脏结构与功能的相关分析

目的探讨老年冠心病患者踝臂指数(ABI)和心脏结构与功能的相关性。方法87例老年冠心病患者,按ABI分组,A组ABI≤0.9,B组ABI>0.9,同时测量2组的心脏结构指标:左心房直径(LAD)、左心室舒张期直径(LVDD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPW)。左室收缩功能指标:左室缩短率(FS)、左室射血分数(EF)。左室舒张功能指标:EF斜率。结果A、B2组比较,年龄、血脂、血糖、肝功能、肾功能、LAD、LVDD、LVPW和EF斜率均无显著性差异。FS和EF均有显著性差异,A组较B组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论ABI与老年冠心病患者的心脏功能有较好的相关性,对其预后的判定有一定的价值。     

Teriparatide in the management of osteoporosis

Fracture of the hip is frequently a catastrophic event in the elderly, often resulting in death within a year and of the survivors, few regain pre-fracture quality of life. Although less appreciated, fractures of the spine result in significant morbidity and are also associated with increased mortality compared with individuals without a fracture. In recent years there has been an explosion in the development of new drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1–34) (20 μg/day) is a recent addition to this armamentarium with a novel mechanism of action, which was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis and male osteoporosis secondary to hypogonadism in November 2002. It is the first osteoporosis treatment that leads to the formation of new bone with architecture similar to normal bone. Intense efforts have been made to understand the effect of teriparatide on antiresorptive therapy and vice versa. Although these relationships are not completely understood, the results of recent studies allow clinicians to begin to optimize therapeutic gains in bone mineral density and improve anti-fracture efficacy.     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对老年冠心病患者血液流变学的影响

用蝮蛇抗检酶治疗老年冠心病50例．通过对治疗前后血液流变学变化的观察，了解到蝮蛇抗栓酶能有效改善血浓浓粘聚状态，降低纤维蛋白原，是治疗冠心病的理想药物．     

谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体检测在2型糖尿病早期诊断中的意义

目的探讨谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GAD-Ab)检测在2型糖尿病患者早期诊断中的意义。方法比较2型糖尿病患者GAD-Ab阳性组12例与阴性组86例的临床特征、体重指数、C肽、糖化血红蛋白等指标。结果GAD-Ab阳性组发病年龄低于阴性组,空腹及餐后2 h C肽值较低,使用胰岛素者比例较高,酮症酸中毒发生率高。结论检测2型糖尿病患者的GAD-Ab可帮助临床上早期发现迟发自身免疫糖尿病病人,尽早采用胰岛素治疗,对保护残存的胰岛功能有重要意义。     

Metabolic and hormonal blood flow modeling in patients with coronary heart disease: In vitro and clinical study

The blood flow pattern investigations are of great importance in coronary blood flow destabilization pathogenesis understanding, and consequently in acute coronary event (ACE) risk stratification in patients with coronary heart disease. The aim of the study was to research the principal hormonal and metabolic blood flow regulative aspects and its structure in patients with ischemic heart disease and the contribution to cumulative ACE risk.A total of 182 patients with stable angina pectoris were included in the prospective study (2000–2006). Complex clinical examination, biochemical tests and blood tests were performed. Whole-blood (WB) viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation and deformation ability, WB suspension stability, and initial erythrocytes disaggregation parameter were studied. Dynamic characteristics of blood flow were obtained in the experiment.Received results allow marking the principle components of blood flow pattern with proven high prognostic value of ACE in patients with ischemic heart disease. ACE risk stratification program was developed.     

早发2型糖尿病骨密度、骨代谢变化及影响因素分析

  目的  研究早发2型糖尿病(T2DM)骨密度、骨代谢水平改变并探讨其影响因素。  方法  选取2018年1月—2021年12月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院内分泌科住院的初诊年龄≤40岁的2型糖尿病患者201例为早发组,另以本院与早发组年龄、性别相匹配的非糖尿病患者107例为对照组。比较2组一般临床资料及腰椎L_1~4平均骨密度(BMD)、骨代谢水平差异。  结果  (1)校正BMI后,早发组与对照组BMD比较差异无统计学意义(F=1.004,P>0.05),早发组1型原胶原氨基端前肽(P1NP)、骨钙素、25(OH)D₃、甲状旁腺激素均低于对照组(t=3.941、6.556、7.123、4.620,均P＜0.05),2组1型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列(β-CTX)比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.684,P>0.05)。(2)影响因素分析结果显示,BMD与年龄呈独立负相关关系(95% CI:-0.007~-0.001,P=0.012),与BMI(95% CI:0.004~0.014,P=0.001)、糖化血红蛋白(95% CI:0.002~0.021,P=0.014)呈独立正相关关系;β-CTX与年龄(95% CI:-0.013~-0.003,P=0.001)、TC(95% CI:-0.079~-0.015,P=0.004)呈独立负相关关系,女性(95% CI:-0.177~-0.020,P=0.014)是β-CTX降低的独立危险因素;P1NP与年龄(95% CI:-0.831~-0.137,P=0.007)、空腹血糖(95% CI:-1.815~-0.333,P=0.005)、TG(95% CI:-0.635~-0.508,P=0.004)呈独立负相关关系。  结论  早发2型糖尿病患者的骨密度与非糖尿病人群相比未见明显差异,但骨形成标志物降低,年龄、性别、BMI、血糖、血脂水平是其骨密度、骨代谢水平改变的独立影响因素。      

SNHG6靶向miR-101/TGFBR1促进AMI小鼠左心室心肌纤维化

目的探讨SNHG6对急性心肌梗死(AMI)小鼠左心室心肌的影响。 方法将30只雄性C57/BL6小鼠构建成AMI小鼠后随机均分为AMI组、AMI+SNHG6组、AMI+miR-101-3p组、AMI+SNHG6+miR-101-3p组、AMI+miR-101-3p+TGFBR1组,另设正常小鼠6只为假手术组。qRT-PCR检测AMI小鼠SNHG6、miR-101-3p表达水平。心脏彩超检测各组小鼠左室射血分数(LVEF);马松和天狼星红染色法以及免疫组化分析各组小鼠左心室心肌纤维化变化。将H9C2细胞株分为阴性对照组(转染空质粒)、SNHG6组(转染质粒SNHG6)、miR-101-3p组(转染质粒miR-101-3p)。Western blotting检测各组TGFBR1蛋白表达;采用双荧光素酶报告基因法预测并验证SNHG6/miR-101-3p/TGFBR1荧光素酶活性及调控机制。 结果AMI小鼠较假手术组SNHG6表达显著增加,miR-101-3p降低(P＜0.05)。与AMI组比较,AMI+SNHG6组小鼠LVEF降低,心肌纤维化程度加重(P＜0.05);AMI+miR-101-3p组LVEF升高,心肌纤维化程度减轻(P＜0.05)。AMI+SNHG6+miR-101-3p组较AMI+SNHG6组LVEF升高、心肌纤维化程度减轻(P＜0.05),而AMI+miR-101-3p+TGFBR1组较AMI+miR-101-3p组LVEF降低、心肌纤维化程度加重(P＜0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因法验证显示,miR-101-3p组SNHG6、TGFBR1野生型质粒的荧光素酶活性较阴性对照组明显降低(P＜0.05)。 结论SNHG6抑制miR-101-3p上调TGFBR1加重AMI小鼠左心室心肌纤维化。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与甘油三酯葡萄糖指数的相关性

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与甘油三酯葡萄糖（TyG）指数的相关性。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年12月中南大学湘雅二医院行睡眠呼吸监测的270例OSA患者。根据甘油三酯和空腹血糖计算TyG指数,根据TyG指数的三分位数将患者分为Q1组、Q2组、Q3组,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）将患者分为轻度组、中度组、重度组。采用多元线性分析评估TyG指数与AHI之间的关系,有序Logistic回归分析TyG指数与OSA严重程度之间的关系。结果 TyG指数越高的患者AHI、体质量指数（BMI）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、空腹血糖越高,而血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平则越低（P <0.05）。TyG指数越高的患者肥胖和糖尿病、冠心病比例越高,男性比例越高,年龄更低（P <0.05）。随着患者AHI的增加,TyG指数、BMI增加,TG、空腹血糖上升,最低血氧饱和度下降（P <0.05）,OSA越严重的患者肥胖、高血压和冠心病比例越高（P <0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,TyG指数与AHI水平呈正相关（r =0.282,P <0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,AHI（b =0.002）、BMI（b =0.017）、TG（b =0.361）、空腹血糖（b =0.109）和性别（b =0.083）是TyG的影响因素（P <0.05）。有序Logistic模型结果显示：轻度OSA［O^R=0.396（95% CI：0.207,0.757）］和中度OSA［O^R=0.281（95% CI：0.163,0.484）］患者的TyG等级较重度OSA低,说明OSA严重程度增加是TyG指数升高的影响因素。非肥胖患者［O^R=0.424（95% CI：0.253,0.710）］、不吸烟患者［O^R=0.506（95% CI：0.283,0.904）］、非糖尿病患者［O^R=0.268（95% CI：0.156,0.460）］、非冠心病患者［O^R=0.452（95% CI：0.253,0.807）］、女性［O^R=0.409（95% CI：0.221,0.760）］的TyG等级较低,故吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病、冠心病、男性是TyG指数升高的影响因素（P <0.05）。结论 TyG指数与OSA严重程度相关,可以考虑将TyG指数用于OSA患者胰岛素抵抗的观察,从而进行干预,使患者获益。