Refinement of collagen–mineral interaction: A possible role for osteocalcin in apatite crystal nucleation,growth and development

Mineralization of vertebrate tissues such as bone, dentin, cementum, and calcifying tendon involves type I collagen, which has been proposed as a template for calcium and phosphate ion binding and subsequent nucleation of apatite crystals. Type I collagen thereby has been suggested to be responsible for the deposition of apatite mineral without the need for non-collagenous proteins or other extracellular matrix molecules. Based on studies in vitro, non-collagenous proteins, including osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein, are thought to mediate vertebrate mineralization associated with type I collagen. These proteins, as possibly related to mineral deposition, have not been definitively localized in vivo. The present study has reexamined their localization in the leg tendons of avian turkeys, a representative model of vertebrate mineralization. Immunocytochemistry of osteocalcin demonstrates its presence at the surface of, outside and within type I collagen while that of bone sialoprotein appears to be localized at the surface of or outside type I collagen. The association between osteocalcin and type I collagen structure is revealed optimally when calcium ions are added to the antibody solution in the methodology. In this manner, osteocalcin is found specifically located along the a_4–1, b₁, c₂ and d bands defining in part the hole and overlap zones within type I collagen. From these data, while type I collagen itself may be considered a stereochemical guide for intrafibrillar mineral nucleation and subsequent deposition, osteocalcin bound to type I collagen may also possibly mediate nucleation, growth and development of platelet-shaped apatite crystals. Bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin as well, each immunolocalized at the surface of or outside type I collagen, may affect mineral deposition in these portions of the avian tendon.     

胶体果胶铋干混悬剂治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的疗效分析

背景:对于胶体果胶铋干混悬剂治疗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性消化性溃疡的疗效是否优于胶体果胶铋胶囊,目前尚无相关的临床研究。目的:比较胶体果胶铋干混悬剂与胶体果胶铋胶囊对Hp阳性消化性溃疡的临床疗效。方法:选取2012年1月~2013年4月中南大学湘雅二医院门诊初治的126例Hp阳性的消化性溃疡患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,分别给予胶体果胶铋干混悬剂+标准三联方案以及胶体果胶铋胶囊+标准三联方案,评估比较临床症状缓解情况、内镜下溃疡愈合情况以及Hp根除率。结果:观察组患者胃溃疡(84.6%对55.6%)、十二指肠溃疡(84.8%对62.1%)2周末症状消失率均显著高于对照组(P0.05),但两组4周末症状消失率无明显差异(P0.05)。观察组的溃疡治疗总有效率(98.2%对84.0%)、总体Hp的PP根除率(89.5%对72.7%)和ITT根除率(81.0%对63.5%)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组均未见严重不良反应。结论:胶体果胶铋干混悬剂治疗Hp阳性消化性溃疡的疗效优于胶体果胶铋胶囊。     

Pancreatic perfusion imaging method that reduces radiation dose and maintains image quality by combining volumetric perfusion CT with multiphasic contrast enhanced-CT

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to propose and evaluate a new method of volumetric perfusion computed tomography (PCT) incorporated into pancreatic multiphasic contrast enhanced (CE)-CT in the clinical setting.MethodsIn this ethically approved study, PCT was incorporated into our existing scanning protocol in 17 patients and effective doses related to PCT were evaluated. CT values and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of anatomical structure were compared in diagnostic images that were acquired using 320-detector volumetric scan mode and 64-detector helical scan mode. In addition, focal lesion depiction was qualitatively assessed in the two groups. Perfusion parameters in normal pancreas were measured by two radiologists and the interobserver-reliability was assessed.ResultsThe effective dose of PCT was 5.1 ± 0.3 mSv. The actual effective dose (AED) including the dose used in volumetric scans for diagnostic imaging was 22.8 ± 5.3 mSv and the putative effective dose (PED) was 21.9 ± 9.1 mSv on average. There was no significant difference between AED and PED (p = 0.404). Compared with conventional helical scans, volumetric scans did not decrease CT values or SNR, but rather significantly increased those of the aorta in the arterial phase. Both groups had acceptable qualitatively assessed image quality with no significant difference in the depiction of each structure. There was almost perfect interobserver agreement in the measurement of perfusion parameters (mean ICCs > 0.9).ConclusionsOur scanning protocol for pancreatic perfusion CT provides high-quality images while requiring lower radiation doses than conventional methods.     

姜黄素对骨髓瘤细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响及其机制研究

 目的：探讨姜黄素对骨髓瘤细胞迁移侵袭能力的影响及其机制。方法：shRNA表达质粒沉默含IQ模序的RasGTP酶活化蛋白1(IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1,IQGAP1)后转染RPMI8226细胞,Western blotting法检测RPMI8226-shIQGAP1组、RPMI8226-shRNA阴性对照组和未转染RPMI8226组细胞IQGAP1表达;不同浓度姜黄素作用于各组细胞后,Transwell迁移实验和Matrigel侵袭实验检测细胞的迁移及侵袭力,RT-PCR法检测姜黄素作用后IQGAP1 mRNA的表达,Western blotting检测姜黄素对各组细胞IQGAP1蛋白表达的影响。结果：使用shRNA表达质粒沉默IQGAP1后,RPMI8226细胞IQGAP1表达减少;RPMI8226-shIQGAP1组较RPMI8226-shRNA 阴性对照组和未转染RPMI8226 组细胞迁移及侵袭力下降,姜黄素可降低RPMI8226-shRNA 阴性对照组和未转染RPMI8226组细胞迁移及侵袭力,无浓度相关性,不同浓度的姜黄素对RPMI8226-shIQGAP1组作用后细胞的迁移及侵袭力无明显变化。对于RPMI8226-shRNA阴性对照组及未转染RPMI8226组,姜黄素作用后IQGAP1 mRNA及蛋白的表达下降。结论：姜黄素通过抑制IQGAP1的表达降低骨髓瘤细胞的迁移力和侵袭力。     

Immunogenicity of recombinant human bocavirus‐1,2 VP2 gene virus‐like particles in mice

Human bocavirus (HBoV), a recently identified pathogen with a worldwide distribution is closely related to paediatric acute respiratory infection and gastroenteritis. The present study was performed to evaluate the immunogenicity of HBoV1 and HBoV2 virus‐like particles (VLPs) as vaccine candidates in mice. Both HBoV1 and HBoV2 VLPs were expressed in the bacmid virus–SF9 cell system. Mice were inoculated three times at 3‐week intervals with HBoV VLPs at one dose intramuscular (i.m.) or intradermal (i.d.) with or without the addition of the alum adjuvant. ELISA was used to detected antibody, and ELISPOT was used to test cellular immune responses. HBoV‐specific IgG antibodies were induced and alum adjuvant improved the antibody titres and avidity, while the inoculation pathway had no influence. T helper type 1/ type 2 immune responses were balanced induced by HBoV1 VLPs but not HBoV2 VLPs. Serum IgG antibody cross‐reactivity rates of the two subtypes were similar, but cross‐reactions of HBoV1 immunization groups were higher. The single i.m. group had more interferon‐γ‐secreting splenocytes. These data indicate that HBoV VP2 VLPs have good immunogenicity with induction of strong humoral and cellular immune responses, and they may be potential candidate vaccines for HBoV infection.     

Identify and categorize drug-related problems in hospitalized surgical patients in China

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy - Background Data is lacking on types and severities of drug-related problems (DRPs) in hospitalized surgical patients in China. Objective To identify and...     

lncRNA MIR31HG 对甲状腺乳头状癌细胞 增殖、迁移、侵袭的影响及作用机制研究

目的 探究长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）MIR31HG对甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）细胞增殖、迁 移、侵袭的影响及可能的作用机制。方法 选取2018 年8 月—2019 年4 月在湖南省中医药大学第一附属 医院行甲状腺癌根治术的48 例患者的新鲜癌组织及癌旁组织标本,男女各24 例。利用TCGA 数据库验证 lncRNA MIR31HG 在甲状腺癌组织与癌旁组织中的表达,患者术后病理报告确诊为PTC,提取样本RNA 行 qRT-PCR 验证lncRNA MIR31HG 在PTC 组织与癌旁组织中表达情况及与患者临床病理特征的相关性;利 用lncRNA MIR31HG 的小干扰RNA 转染PTC 细胞系TPC-1 并验证抑制率,保证抑制率>60%,MTT 检测 TPC-1 细胞增殖能力,细胞划痕实验和Transwell 小室实验检测细胞迁移及侵袭能力,Western blotting 检测 Akt 信号通路关键蛋白分子Akt、磷酸化Akt（p-Akt）、PTEN 的表达。结果 宫颈鳞状细胞癌、乳头状肾细 胞癌、头颈部鳞癌、胰腺癌及甲状腺癌组织lncRNA MIR31HG 相对表达量较癌旁组织高（P <0.05）,膀胱癌、 前列腺癌组织较癌旁组织低（P <0.05）。PTC 组织lncRNA MIR31HG 相对表达量较癌旁组织高（P <0.05）。 TPC-1、K1 及BCPAP 的lncRNA MIR31HG 相对表达量较Nthy-ori 3-1 高（P <0.05）,且TPC-1 相对表 达量最高。实验组lncRNA MIR31HG 相对表达量均较siRNA-NC 组下降（P <0.05）,其中siRNA-1 组与 siRNA-3 组沉默效率均>60%。各组OD 值比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。siRNA-1 组与siRNA-3 组 划痕愈合率较siRNA-NC 组低（P <0.05）。siRNA-1 组、siRNA-3 组侵袭至Transwell 小室下室的细胞数较 siRNA-NC 组低（P <0.05）。siRNA-1 组、siRNA-3 组PTEN mRNA 和蛋白较siRNA-NC 组升高（P <0.05）, 且siRNA-3 组最高;siRNA-1 组、siRNA-3 组p-Akt 蛋白较siRNA-NC 组低,且siRNA-3 组最低（P <0.05）。 结论 lncRNA MIR31HG 在PTC 组织中高表达并与PTC 患者肿瘤分期有关;下调lncRNA MIR31HG 的表 达可以抑制TPC-1 细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力,其机制可能与lncRNA MIR31HG 抑制PTEN 表达从而激 活Akt 通路有关。     

左归降糖舒心方含药血浆对ox-LDL诱导小鼠巨噬细胞泡沫化和凋亡的影响

目的?探讨左归降糖舒心方含药血浆对氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）诱导巨噬细胞泡沫化和凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法?将巨噬细胞J774A.1随机分为正常组、模型组、牛磺熊去氧胆酸（TUDCA）组、左归降糖舒心方含药血浆组、西药联合含药血浆组,每组5个复孔。除正常组外其余各组以ox-LDL（100?mg/L）处理构建巨噬细胞泡沫化模型。正常组和模型组正常培养,其余各组分别用10%相应含药血浆培养24?h。CCK-8法比较各组J774A.1细胞增殖情况,计算细胞抑制率;油红O染色检测细胞内脂质蓄积水平;Western blot检测双链RNA样内质网激酶（PEPK）、活化转录因子4（ATF4）、真核翻译起始因子2α（eIF2α）、C/EBP环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合转录因子同源蛋白（CHOP）及半胱氨酸蛋白酶蛋白-12（Caspase-12）的表达水平。结果?与正常组比较,模型组细胞抑制率增高,在ox-LDL浓度为100?mg/L时细胞抑制率为（50.06±0.09）%,有明显的脂质颗粒蓄积（P<0.01）。与模型组比较,各药物干预组细胞抑制率降低,可有效阻断ox-LDL的摄入及脂质堆积,其中左归降糖舒心方含药血浆组优于西药联合含药血浆组,与TUDCA组作用效应相当。ox-LDL可诱导细胞内质网应激相关蛋白p-PERK、p-eIF2α、ATF4、CHOP与Caspase-12表达上调。左归降糖舒心方含药血浆可显著抑制100?mg/L ox-LDL所致的p-PERK、p-eIF2α、ATF4的上调,降低内质网相关凋亡蛋白CHOP与Caspase-12的表达（P<0.01）,和TUDCA组作用相当(P＞0.05),其效果较西药联合含药血浆组明显（P<0.01）。结论?左归降糖舒心方含药血浆能有效改善ox-LDL诱导的巨噬细胞泡沫化、细胞凋亡及内质网应激状态,其作用机制可能与调控内质网应激信号通路PERK/eIF2α/ATF4通路,降低细胞内CHOP与Caspase-12表达有关。      

KLF4上调角质形成细胞中Keratin 17表达的分子机制

  目的  通过探讨转录因子KLF4在调节角蛋白17（Keratin 17, KRT17）表达中的作用,揭示银屑病患者皮损中KRT17过度表达的分子机制。  方法  以18例寻常型银屑病患者皮损组织为银屑病组,10例健康人皮肤为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot检测银屑病皮损组织及正常皮肤标本中KLF4的表达水平,检测HaCat细胞中KLF4过表达叠加组蛋白乙酰转移酶EP300（E1A binding protein p300,EP300）干扰后KRT17的表达水平。染色质免疫共沉淀（chromatin immunoprecipitation, ChIP）检测银屑病皮损组织及正常皮肤样本中KRT17启动子区KLF4结合水平及组蛋白H3乙酰化水平,检测HaCat细胞中KLF4过表达叠加EP300干扰后KRT17启动子区KLF4结合水平及组蛋白H3乙酰化水平。免疫共沉淀（co-immunoprecipitation, Co-IP）检测KLF4与EP300的相互作用。  结果  银屑病组皮损组织KLF4表达水平、KRT17启动子区KLF4结合水平及组蛋白H3乙酰化水平均高于对照组皮肤标本（P<0.01）。与转染对照组相比,KLF4过表达组KRT17表达水平升高（P<0.01）;KLF4过表达叠加EP300干扰组KRT17表达水平低于KLF4过表达组（P<0.01）和转染对照组（P<0.05）。与转染对照组相比,KLF4过表达组KRT17启动子区组蛋白H3乙酰化水平升高（P<0.01）;KLF4过表达叠加EP300干扰组KRT17启动子区组蛋白H3乙酰化水平低于KLF4过表达组（P<0.01）和对照组（P<0.01）。Co-IP证实KLF4与EP300能形成蛋白复合体。  结论  过度表达的KLF4通过协同EP300上调KRT17启动子区组蛋白H3乙酰化水平,介导银屑病患者皮损中KRT17的过度表达。     

不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者VEGF-HIFα-PTEN表达水平及肿瘤转移的影响

分析不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者的综合疗效,将160例患者按照不同治疗方法分为左胸路径组70例和右胸路径组90例。左胸路径组患者行左胸两切口入路手术,右胸路径组患者行右胸三切口手术入路。结果显示:与左胸路径组相比,右胸路径组的手术时间、术中出血量及VAS评分明显升高(P<0.05),淋巴结清扫率明显升高(P<0.05),1年转移率、3年转移率明显降低而1年生存率和3年生存率明显升高(P<0.05),而术后引流时间及住院时间无明显差异性;两组患者治疗后血清中VEGF、VEGFR、HIFα水平均明显降低而PTEN水平明显升高(P<0.05),且右胸路径组患者的上述指标变化更显著(P<0.05)。因此,不同手术入路途径对胸中段老年食管癌患者的临床效果及血清中VEGF-HIFα-PTEN表达水平和肿瘤转移有不同影响,临床上应合理选择。