口腔科患者电子病历程序的建立

目的通过系统结构设计、专家指标论证等方式,建立起有循证医学意义的口腔疾病病案管理系统框架图和口腔科患者病案管理系统的电子程序。方法使用模拟退火模型收录可能的诊断指标、治疗指标、复查指标,使用9分度专家打分法分别建立三个指标的层次分析模型,对于三个指标进行分层,并运用ACCESS+ASP技术构建网络框架体系。结果设计出的口腔科电子病历管理网站可包涵四大业务模块:面向患者模块;面向医生模块;费用管理;数据模块。结论口腔门诊电子病历管理网站的建立能很好地保证病案的完整性,系统地进行口腔疾病统计,促进口腔医患互动和圈内病例的交流学习。     

高度近视性弱视儿童脉络膜厚度及其影响因素

目的：：研究高度近视性弱视儿童脉络膜厚度变化,并探讨其脉络膜厚度与眼轴、年龄的关系。方法：2014-01/07在我院眼科门诊就诊的儿童50例65眼,年龄4~15(平均9.91±3.41)岁,所有受检眼排除眼底疾病和眼前节病变。根据扩瞳验光的结果,分成高度近视性弱视组(24眼)、高度近视组(19眼)、正视眼组(22眼),运用海德堡EDI-OCT技术对中心凹下脉络膜厚度及距中心凹0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0mm处上方( S,12：00方位)、颞侧( T,9：00方位)、下方( I,6：00方位)、鼻侧( N,3：00方位)的脉络膜厚度进行测量,并通过A超测量出所有受检者眼轴长度。结果：高度近视性弱视组中心凹下及各方位脉络膜厚度与高度近视组、正视眼组相比最薄,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高度近视弱视组中心凹下脉络膜厚度与眼轴长度有显著负相关性(r=-0.531, R2=0.282, F=7.476, P=0.013);与年龄无明显相关性( r=-0.292, R2=0.085, F=2.044, P=0.167)。结论：高度近视性弱视儿童的脉络膜厚度变薄,眼轴长度是重要的影响因素。     

PDR患者外周血CD4+CD25+T细胞和相关基因FOXP3的变化及临床意义

目的：探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病（ proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR）患者外周血CD4＋CD25＋T细胞及相关基因FOXP3表达变化意义,观察其在PDR发病中的临床意义。
　　方法：采用流式细胞术检测PDR患者及正常对照外周血CD4＋CD25＋T细胞比例,Q－PCR测PDR患者、糖尿病和正常人中 FOXP3, IL－17和CTLA－4的 mRNA 表达,并用Wilcoxon秩和检验和直线相关分析法分析PDR患者糖化血红蛋白、年龄、血脂、肾功能的临床资料及它们之间相关度。
　　结果：PDR患者CD4＋T细胞降低,CD4＋CD25＋T无显著差异,FOXP3和CTLA－4在PDR中下降, IL－17增高。 CD4＋T细胞与年龄相关,CD4＋CD25＋T与患者的血肌酐存在正相关性,CD4＋CD25＋T细胞水平与年龄、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、血肌酐（ Cr）、尿素氮（ BUN）均无明显相关性。 PDR患者糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白均高于正常值。
　　结论：CD4＋CD25＋T细胞可能参与PDR的发病机制,并且血脂异常提示PDR可能与血脂相关。     

中药联合激光光凝治疗糖尿病视网膜病变

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病眼病不可逆盲的最严重的并发症,严重影响患者的生存质量。目前,我国在DR手术治疗方面已进行了广泛的开展,对于增殖前期DR,增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative DR,PDR)采取全视网膜光凝术,破坏缺血区视网膜,减少需氧量,以防止新生血管形成,阻止病情恶化。中医药对治疗DR有着非常丰富及个性化的治疗方案,本文就中药联合激光光凝治疗DR的研究进行综述。     

儿童外伤性眼内炎的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨儿童外伤性眼内炎的治疗效果.方法:回顾性研究2 ～11岁儿童确诊为外伤性眼内炎24例24眼的治疗方法及结果.所有患儿入院后立即行患眼的玻璃体腔内注药(万古霉素1mg/0.1mL+头孢他啶2.25mg/0.1mL+地塞米松0.4 mg/0.1 mL),第2d,23例重症者行玻璃体切除+晶状体切除术,充填硅油者10例、无菌空气者8例、C3F8者3例、灌注液者2例.1例轻症者72h后再次注射.结果:术后随访6 ～ 78mo,所有病例炎症控制,4例眼球萎缩(3例硅油眼).7例硅油眼已取出硅油并植入IOL.BCVA:＜0.02者12例,0.02～0.1者4例,0.15 ～0.3者4例,0.5 ～1.0者4例.16例(70％)较入院视力提高,4例(17％)不变,3例(13％)下降,1例不配合.结论:及时行玻璃体腔内注射广谱抗生素、玻璃体切除术能改善儿童外伤性眼内炎的预后.     

Ultrasensitive determination of ascorbic acid by using cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets to enhance the chemiluminescence of the luminol–H2O2 system

Ascorbic acid (AA) as an essential vitamin in the human body participates in various physiological reactions and plays a key role in many biochemical processes. Therefore, it is of vital importance to monitor and quantify AA in commercial tablets, beverages and food. In this work, a rapid and ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) system for the detection of AA was developed, in which ultrathin cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanosheets were applied in the conventional luminol–H₂O₂ CL system. The results showed that ultrathin CoOOH nanosheets as a catalyzer remarkably improved the CL intensity of the CoOOH–luminol–H₂O₂ system, up to about 1400-fold. Under the optimized conditions, the CL inhibition efficiencies increase linearly with the concentrations of AA in the range of 1–500 pmol L⁻¹, and the limit of detection was 39 fmol L⁻¹. Moreover, the proposed CL system was successfully applied in the determination of AA in medicinal tablets with satisfactory results.

An ultrasensitive CL system for the determination of ascorbic acid in medicinal tablets was developed based on the enhancement effect of cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets on the luminol–H₂O₂ system.     

Metabolic profiling putatively identifies plasma biomarkers of male infertility using UPLC-ESI-IT-TOFMS

Male infertility has become a global health problem. Currently, the diagnosis of male infertility depends on the results of semen quality or requires invasive surgical intervention. The process is complex and time-consuming. Metabolomics is an emerging platform with unique advantages in disease diagnosis and pathological mechanism research. In this study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-TOFMS) combined with chemometrics methods was used to discover potential biomarkers of male infertility based on non-targeted plasma metabolomics. Plasma samples from healthy controls (HC, n = 43) and various types of infertile patients, i.e., patients having oligozoospermia (OS, n = 36), asthenospermia (AS, n = 56) and erectile dysfunction (ED, n = 45) were analyzed by UPLC-ESI-IT-TOFMS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed. The results of OPLS-DA showed that HCs could be discriminated from infertile patients including OS (R² = 0.903, Q² = 0.617, AUC = 0.992), AS (R² = 0.985, Q² = 0.658, AUC = 0.999) or ED (R² = 0.942, Q² = 0.500, AUC = 0.998). Some potential biomarkers were successfully discovered by variable selection methods and variable important in the projection (VIP) in combination with the T-test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05; the Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate was used to reduce type 1 errors resulting from multiple comparisons. The identified biomarkers were associated with energy consumption, hormone regulation and antioxidant defenses in spermatogenesis. To elucidate the pathophysiology of male infertility, relative metabolic pathways were studied. It was found that male infertility is closely related to disturbed phospholipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis metabolism, metabolism of fatty acids and products of carnitine acylation, and purine and pyrimidine metabolisms. Plasma metabolomics provides a novel strategy for the diagnosis of male infertility and offers a new insight to study pathogenesis mechanism.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry combined with chemometrics methods was used to discover potential biomarkers of male infertility based on untargeted plasma metabolomics.