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81.
82.
《Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)》1996,23(1):8-16
The quality of the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T-cell response may greatly determine the course of an HCV infection. An adequate T-cell response may contribute to a successful clearance of the virus and a rapid recovery from the disease. An inadequate response may lead to viral persistence and may eventually contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular damage in chronic disease. The effect of interferon alfa (IFN-alpha), presently the most popular therapeutic agent for chronic HCV infections, on HCV-specific T-cell responses is completely unknown. To demonstrate the presence of HCV-specific T lymphocytes during chronic HCV infections, to know their antigenic specificities, and to examine possible effects of IFN-alpha treatment on their presence and antigen recognition patterns, we have stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 35 chronic HCV patients with nine pools of synthetic peptides representing the HCV Core, E1, and E2 proteins as well as with a recombinant NS3 protein. The proliferative responses of PBMC from 16 healthy control subjects toward these antigens were measured for comparison. Lymphoproliferative responses of patients with chronic HCV infections were assayed either before (in 10 patients), during (in 13 patients), or after (in 21 patients) treatment with IFN-alpha. The analysis showed that PBMC from most HCV patients consistently recognized the COOH-terminal part of the core protein. E1, E2, and NS3 were recognized less frequently. This recognition pattern was not related to the therapy with IFN-alpha nor to the clinical response of the patient toward this therapy. The response to the Core protein could be fine-mapped to the COOH-terminal region encompassing amino acids (aa) 73 to 92, 121 to 140, 145 to 164, and 157 to 176. (Hepatology 1996 Jan;23(1):8-16) 相似文献
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Improved Methods for the Measurement of Acetaldehyde Concentrations in Plasma and Red Blood Cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Carlo Di Padova Jeffrey Alderman Charles S. Lieber 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1986,10(1):86-89
Research on the toxic effects of acetaldehyde (Ach) is hampered by analytical difficulties which have been overcome by two new methods suitable for the measurement of Ach in plasma and red blood cells. The first procedure involves rapid separation of plasma, deproteinization, and Ach derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNP). After extraction with isooctane, the Ach-DNP complex is separated by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Red blood cell Ach is measured by a modification of the semicarbazide method. The red blood cell hemolysate is mixed with the semicarbazide solution and the extract is injected into the head-space gas chromatograph. The procedure minimizes the artifactual Ach formation which interferes with the direct hemolysis method when human blood is used. After 0.3 g/kg of ethanol, Ach values of 1.5 +/- 0.2 and 9.9 +/- 2.3 microM were detected in plasma and red blood cells of healthy volunteers. These data indicate that an important fraction of Ach circulates in the red blood cells and can be missed or underestimated when only plasma Ach is measured. 相似文献
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Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare immune-mediated cholestatic disease for which no medical therapy has been shown to slow disease progression. Consequently, liver transplantation is the only lifesaving intervention for patients, and despite being a rare disease, PSC is the lead indication for transplantation across several European countries. The vast majority of patients (>70%) also develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at some point in their lifetime, which imparts added lifetime risks of hepatobiliary malignancy and colorectal cancer. The rare disease nature, variable and often slow rates of disease progression (years rather than months), and lack of robust surrogate biomarkers for early stage yet high risk disease, represent critical challenges in trial design that have long precluded the development of effective medical treatment. However, the horizon for new treatments is encouraging, given innovative clinical trial programmes led by industry, alongside several investigator-initiated studies. Herein, we outline the current platform of interventional trials in PSC, before discussing emerging areas of therapeutic interest. 相似文献
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There have been major strides towards the World Health Organization goal to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as a global public health threat. The availability of simple, well-tolerated direct-acting antiviral therapies for HCV infection that can achieve a cure in >95% of people has provided an important tool to help achieve the global elimination targets. Encouragingly, therapy is highly effective among people receiving opioid agonist therapy and people who have recently injected drugs. Moving forward, major challenges include ensuring that new infections are prevented from occurring and that people who are living with HCV are tested, linked to care, treated, receive appropriate follow-up, and have equitable access to care. This editorial highlights key themes and articles in a special issue focusing on the elimination of HCV among people who inject drugs. An overarching consideration flowing from this work is how to ensure equitable access to HCV treatment and care for all. This special issue maps the field in relation to: HCV prevention; the cascade of HCV care; strategies to enhance testing, linkage to care, and treatment uptake; and HCV treatment and reinfection. In addition, papers draw attention to the ‘risk environments’ and socio-ecological determinants of HCV acquisition, barriers to HCV care, the importance of messaging around the side-effects of new direct-acting antiviral therapies, the positive transformative potential of treatment and cure, and the key role of community-based drug user organizations in the HCV response. While this special issue highlights some successful efforts towards HCV elimination among people who inject drugs, it also highlights the relative lack of attention to settings in which resources enabling elimination are scarce, and where elimination hopes and potentials are less clear, such as in many low and middle income countries. Strengthening capacity in areas of the world where resources are more limited will be a critical step towards ensuring equity for all so that global HCV elimination among PWID can be achieved. 相似文献
89.
Dan-Qin Sun Ting-Yao Wang Kenneth I. Zheng Hao-Yang Zhang Xiao-Dong Wang Giovanni Targher Christopher D. Byrne Yong-Ping Chen Wei-Jie Yuan Yan Jin Ming-Hua Zheng 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2021,31(6):1822-1831
Background and aimsSeveral susceptibility gene variants predisposing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been identified in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Evidence supports that 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) rs72613567 plays a role in NAFLD development by affecting lipid homeostasis. Since lipid droplets may accumulate in the kidneys and contribute to renal injury, we investigated the association between the HSD17B13 rs72613567 variant and markers of renal function/injury in NAFLD.Methods and resultsWe measured estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary/serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (u-ACR) in individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD. Multivariable regression analyses were undertaken to examine the associations between the HSD17B13 rs72613567 variant and markers of renal function/injury. Individuals were stratified by HSD17B13 rs72613567 genotypes into ?/?, A/- and A/A groups. HSD17B13 rs72613567 genotypes were not significantly associated with eGFR and urinary/serum NGAL levels. Conversely, the prevalence of abnormal albuminuria in the A/- + A/A group was lower than in the ?/? group (4.92% vs. 19.35%, p = 0.001). Additionally, the mean u-ACR levels were lower among carriers of the A/- or A/A genotypes with coexisting hypertension or diabetes, than among those with the ?/? genotype. The risk of abnormal albuminuria (adjusted-odds ratio 0.16, p = 0.001) remained significantly lower in the A/- + A/A group after adjustment for established renal risk factors and histologic severity of NAFLD.ConclusionHSD17B13 rs72613567: A allele is associated with a lower risk of having abnormal albuminuria, but not with lower eGFR or urinary/serum NGAL levels, in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. 相似文献
90.
Thomas Marjot Andrew M. Moon Jonathan A. Cook Sherief Abd-Elsalam Costica Aloman Matthew J. Armstrong Elisa Pose Erica J. Brenner Tamsin Cargill Maria-Andreea Catana Renumathy Dhanasekaran Ahad Eshraghian Ignacio García-Juárez Upkar S. Gill Patricia D. Jones James Kennedy Aileen Marshall Charmaine Matthews Gwilym J. Webb 《Journal of hepatology》2021,74(3):567-577
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