运用小鼠淋巴瘤细胞基因突变试验测定4,4′-二甲基二苯基碘鎓盐六氟磷酸盐的遗传毒性

目的研究运用小鼠淋巴瘤试验(MLA)对4,4′-二甲基二苯基碘鎓盐六氟磷酸盐(IHT-PI820)作为食品外包装上油墨使用安全性的评价。方法采用L5178Y细胞,处理3h,表达48h后测定突变细胞频率及小集落比例。同时进行添加和未添加代谢活化系统的试验,每个条件下设6个剂量组,阴性(二甲亚砜)、阳性(甲磺酸甲酯或环磷酰胺)对照组及IHT-PI8204个剂量组(37.5,75.0,150.0和300.0mg·L-1),在相同条件下,每组设定两个平行样。结果IHT-PI820各剂量组和阳性对照组的突变频率均显著性高于阴性对照组,并且IHT-PI820各剂量组间存在明确的剂量反应关系,小集落的比例也随剂量的升高呈上升趋势。结论IHT-PI820可以诱发小鼠淋巴瘤细胞Tk基因突变,故将其作为食品外包装上的油墨使用时,应严格按照相关的行业规定操作。     

Linkage analysis of chromosome 14 and essential hypertension in Chinese population

Background Hypertension is a complex biological trait that influenced by multiple factors. The encouraging results for hypertension research showed that the linkage analysis can be used to replicate other studies and discover new genetic risk factors. Previous studies linked human chromosome 14 to essential hypertension or blood pressure traits. With a Chinese population, we tried to replicate these findings.Methods A linkage scan was performed on chromosome 14 with 14-microsatellite markers with a density of about 10 centi Morgen (cM) in 147 Chinese hypertensive nuclear families. Multipoint non-parametric linkage analysis and exclusion mapping were performed with the GENEHUNTER software, whereas quantitative analysis was performed with the variance component method integrated in the SOLAR package.Results In the qualitative analysis, the highest non-parametric linkage score is 1.0 (P=0.14) at D14S261 in the single point analysis, and no loci achieved non-parametric linkage score more than 1.0 in the multipoint analysis. Maximum-likelihood mapping showed no significant results, either. Subsequently the traditional exclusion criteria of the log-of-the-odds score-2 were adopted, and the chromosome 14 with λs≥2.4 was excluded. In the quantitative analysis of blood pressure with the SOLAR software, two-point analysis and multipoint analysis suggested no evidence for linkage occurred on chromosome 14 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion There was no substantial evidence to support the linkage of chromosome 14 and essential hypertension or blood pressure trait in Chinese hypertensive subjects in this study. Chin Med J 2005; 118(23):1939-1944     

Automatic Femoral Deformity Analysis Based on the Constrained Local Models and Hough Forest

Clinically, Taylor spatial frame (TSF) is usually used to correct femoral deformity. The first step in correction is to analyze skeletal deformities and measure the center of rotation of angulation (CORA). Since the above work needs to be done manually, the doctor’s workload is heavy. Therefore, an automatic femoral deformity analysis system was proposed. Firstly, the Hough forest and constrained local models were trained on the femur image set. Then, the position and size of the femur in the X-ray image were detected by the trained Hough forest. Furthermore, the position and size were served as the initial values of the trained constrained local models to fit the femoral contour. Finally, the anatomical axis line of the proximal femur and the anatomical axis line of the distal femur could be drawn according to the fitting results. According to these lines, CORA can be found. Compared with manual measurement by doctors, the average error of the hip joint orientation line was 1.7°, the standard deviation was 1.75, the average error of the anatomic axis line of the proximal femur was 2.9°, and the standard deviation was 3.57. The automatic femoral deformity analysis system meets the accuracy requirements of orthopedics and can significantly reduce the workload of doctors.

     

64-SCTCA与CCA对钙化及非钙化性冠状动脉狭窄程度评估的一致性分析

目的64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管成像（64-SCTCA）对钙化及非钙化冠状动脉狭窄程度的评估与选择性X线冠状动脉成像（CCA）比较,两者进行一致性分析。方法搜集67例患者64-SCTCA及近期CCA资料,根据冠状动脉钙化积分的扫描结果将冠状动脉分为非钙化组和钙化组,按管径无狭窄,轻度狭窄（≤50%）,中度狭窄（51%～75%）,重度狭窄或闭塞（76%～100%）4个等级分别比较两组的64-SCTCA与CCA评估狭窄程度的一致性。统计学分析采用Kappa评价方法。结果67例患者共评价分析冠状动脉804段血管,其中非钙化组冠状动脉714段,钙化组冠状动脉90段;在非钙化组64SCTCA和CCA一致性分析显示Kappa值=0.643,二者对冠状动脉狭窄程度评估一致性好;在钙化组64-SCTCA和CCA一致性分析显示Kappa值=0.145,二者对冠状动脉狭窄程度评估一致性差,有55（55/90）段钙化冠状动脉血管64-SCTCA评估狭窄程度高于CCA。结论64-SCTCA对非钙化冠状动脉有无狭窄及狭窄程度显示准确性高,对管壁斑块显示好;对有钙化斑块的冠状动脉狭窄评估与CCA的一致性差,64-SCTCA常常会高估狭窄程度。     

护理资料归档与管理

为了使护理资料能进一步清晰化和规范化，我们采取及时准确归档、合理分卷管理的方法。现总结如下。     

Embryonic stem cells-derived exosomes enhance retrodifferentiation of retinal Müller cells by delivering BDNF protein to activate Wnt pathway

ObjectiveThe present study was intended to investigate the role of embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes (ESC-Exos) in Müller cell retrodifferentiation and their specific mechanism.MethodsFollowing co-incubation of the extracted ESC-Exos and Müller cells, their effects on the retrodifferentiation and proliferation of Müller cells were measured by EdU staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot. ESCs transfected with small interfering RNA of BDNF were co-incubated with Müller cells to determine Müller cell proliferation and retrodifferentiation. β-catenin expression in the nucleus and GSK-3β phosphorylation were measured to determine the role of the Wnt pathway in Müller cells. The function of the retina in RCS rats was observed using flash electroretinogram.ResultsCo-incubation of ESCs with Müller cells or overexpression of BDNF contributed to Müller cell retrodifferentiation and proliferation, as evidenced by increased cell proliferation, fluorescence intensities of proliferation markers and retinal stem cell markers, and expression of BDNF and β-catenin, and suppressed GSK-3β phosphorylation. However, co-incubation with ESCs silencing BDNF or treatment with GW4869 inhibited the proliferation and retrodifferentiation of retinal Müller cells. In addition, exosome injection increased BDNF, BrdU, PH3, SOX2, and Pax6 expression, enhanced β-catenin expression in the nucleus, diminished GSK-3β, and improved retinal degeneration in RCS rats.ConclusionESC-Exos accelerated Müller cell retrodifferentiation and proliferation through Wnt pathway activation by delivering BDNF protein to Müller cells.     

具有胰岛素样活性的钒化合物研究进展

本文对具有胰岛素样活性的钒化合物理化性质、分布、生物体内测定方法、药代动力学、对糖尿病的治疗作用和毒性等几个方面加以阐述。     

荧光定量PCR技术在基因治疗药物组织分布研究中的应用

介绍应用荧光定量PCR技术对基因治疗药物组织分布研究的实验方法。从以下几个方面,即定量PCR技术原理、实验设计思路、各种检测方法的比较来说明这一问题。其中,可以使用的检测方法包括紫外定量法和引入内参基因法,后者又可以分为外标法和内标法。充分对比了这些方法的优缺点,并结合本实验室的研究现状,介绍了本监测中心在选用外标法进行研究时所取得的一些成果和实验经验。     

聚乙二醇单修饰重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子对大鼠血液学及骨髓毒性的研究

目的：研究聚乙二醇单修饰重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（PEG-rhG-CSF）对SD大鼠血液学和骨髓造血的影响,为其应用于临床治疗提供资料。方法：将SD大鼠随机分为3个实验组和1个对照组,分别sc不同剂量PEG-rhG-CSF和溶媒对照品,每周给药3次,连续给药3个月,恢复期2周。在给药和恢复期结束时进行血液学和骨髓检查,并做t-检验统计分析。结果：给药结束后,高中低剂量组血液白细胞计数显著升高（升高了7.8～28.2倍）,中性粒细胞计数明显增加（增加了2.5～3.9倍）,网织红细胞计数显著增加,淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒和红细胞计数显著降低;同时,高剂量组血红蛋白量和血小板计数显著降低,高、中剂量红细胞比容显著增加;此外,高中低剂量骨髓红细胞系比例、中幼及晚幼红细胞比例显著降低,而成熟粒细胞比例显著升高（升高了29.1％～79.1％）,粒／红（M／E）比值也显著升高（最高增加1.3倍）。上述改变在停药2周后,均恢复到正常水平,与对照组比较均无显著性差异。结论：PEG-rhG-CSF具有明显的促进造血功能,临床可用于治疗肿瘤化疗引起的中性粒细胞减少症。