C 4-C 6前路固定参数CT影像数字化钉道模拟测量的临床意义

背景：颈椎前路手术虽入路解剖结构较为复杂,风险大,但能固定颈椎主要承重的前柱,固定较为稳定,复发率较低。由于该项技术较新,临床缺乏相关固定参数。
　　目的：对C4-C6前路固定参数进行测量,为该节段前路固定治疗的广泛开展提供参数参考。
　　方法：选取2009年1月至2012年12月进行颈椎检查C4-C6颈椎无病变的35例研究对象的CT影像学资料,男20例,女15例;年龄25-50岁,平均41.2岁。采用Mimics16.01软件对影像资料进行重建测量椎体前后径及左右径,椎体高,椎骨横突孔的前后径与左右径,左右两侧横突孔内侧缘之间距离,左右两侧椎弓根轴线与矢状轴和水平轴的夹角及长度。
　　结果与结论：椎体左右径C4-C6由(26.67±0.25) mm逐渐增长到(32.89±0.12) mm,椎体前后径C4-C6由(6.89±0.12) mm逐渐增长到(8.85±0.44) mm,不同节段间比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。椎体正中矢状面前、中、后缘高度从C4[前缘(7.99±0.51) mm,中高为(7.09±0.42) mm,后高为(7.76±0.49) mm];到C6[前缘为(9.89±0.45) mm,中高为(8.42±0.75) mm,后高为(8.84±0.26)mm],椎体间比较差异有显著性意义(P <0.05)。椎骨横突孔前后径和左右径均随椎序的增加而逐渐增加(P <0.05)。C4-C6左右两侧横突孔内侧缘距离由(25.10±0.45) mm逐渐增长到(28.89±0.56) mm,不同节段间比较差异均有显著性意义(P <0.05)。椎弓根轴线与矢状轴和水平轴的夹角及长度均随颈椎序数的增加逐渐增大,差异有显著性意义(P <0.05)。     

Association between interleukin-17 gene polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease

We conducted a case-control study to estimate the association between IL-17A rs2275913, rs3819025 and rs3748067 polymorphisms and development of coronary artery disease. A total of 415 patients with coronary artery disease and 448 health controls were recruited during the period of March 2013 and October 2014. Genotyping of IL-17A rs2275913, rs3819025 and rs3748067 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism. By logistic regression analysis, we found that individuals with the AA genotype (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.35-3.56) and the GA+AA genotype (OR, 1.39, 95% CI, 1.06-1.84) of rs2275913 were associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease when compared with the GG genotype. Individuals carrying the GA+AA genotype of rs2275913 were more likely to have a higher risk of coronary artery disease in those with hypertension and smoking habit, and the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 3.92 (2.13-6.82) and 2.74 (1.71-4.40). In conclusion, we suggest that individuals with the AA genotype and the GA+AA genotype of rs2275913 are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, especially in those with hypertension and smoking habit.     

Genetic variability of DNA repair mechanisms influences chemotherapy outcome of gastric cancer

Genetic variability of DNA repair mechanisms influences chemotherapy treatment outcome of gastric cancer. We conducted a cohort study to investigate the role of ERCC1-ERCC2 gene polymorphisms in the chemotherapy response and clinic outcome of gastric cancer. Between March 2011 and March 2013, 228 gastric patients who were newly diagnosed with histopathology were enrolled in our study. Genotypes of ERCC1 rs11615, rs3212986, rs2298881 and ERCC2 rs3212986 were conducted by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. We found that individuals carrying TT genotype of ERCC1 rs11615 and CC genotype of ERCC1 rs2298881 were associated with better response to chemotherapy and longer survival time of gastric cancer. Moreover, individuals with AA genotype of ERCC2 rs1799793 were correlated with shorter survival of gastric cancer. In conclusion, ERCC1 rs11615, rs2298881 and ERCC2 rs1799793 polymorphism play an important role in the treatment outcome of gastric cancer.     

Two SNPs of ATP-binding cassette B1 gene on the risk and prognosis of colorectal cancer

We conducted a case-control study to investigate the role of ABCB1 C3435T and G2677T/A in the susceptibility and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. A total of 316 patients with colorectal cancer and 316 controls were collected between January 2009 and January 2011. Genotyping of ABCB1 C3435T and G2677T/A was conducted by the methods of Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that subjects carrying CT and CC genotypes of ABCB1 C3435T were more frequently observed in colorectal cancer patients when compared with controls, and the adjusted ORs were 1.62 (1.05-2.52) and 2.05 (1.25-3.36), respectively. By Cox regression analysis, we found that the TT genotype of ABCB1 C3435T was significantly associated with shorter PFS and OS in patients with colorectal cancer when compared with CC genotype, with adjusted HR (95% CI) of 2.57 (1.14-6.04) and 2.54 (1.05-6.61), respectively. We found that the ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism could affect the susceptibility and clinical outcome of colorectal cancer patients.     

TMR对直肠癌诊断、分期及术前评估的临床应用价值

目的:评价3.0 T MRI技术,特别是磁共振扩散加权成像技术及动态增强扫描对直肠癌诊断、分期及术前评估的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析了37例术前经结肠镜活检证实的直肠癌病人,行盆腔磁共振扫描,对直肠癌进行影像分期及术前评估,观察病变部位,探讨ADC值与直肠癌恶性程度的相关性及3.0 T磁共振常规序列及动态增强诊断相对于直肠镜检诊断直肠癌的优势分析。结果:MRI矢状位能清晰显示所有病例的肛缘距肿瘤下缘的曲线距离。37例不同分化程度的直肠癌的ADC值均随着肿瘤的分化程度减低而减低,两者具有相关性。不同分化程度组间ADC值的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000);高分化与中分化组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高分化与低分化组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中分化与低分化组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。直肠癌的磁共振表现及分期价值。结论:3.0 T MR能较准确的对直肠癌进行诊断及分期,更好的为临床医师制定术前方案提供科学依据。     

超声对甲状腺术后瘢痕组织的诊断应用

甲状腺术后瘢痕组织是甲状腺局部分切除术后由于手术方式及缝线填充而形成的组织,甲状腺术后瘢痕组织形成及其发生发展过程同一般的组织损伤修复病理过程一样,为渐进老化阶段的结缔组织,其内小血管稀少,胶原纤维增多[1]。由于甲状腺术后瘢痕组织其质地较硬,活动性差,超声声像图上表现缺乏典型特征,与癌灶极其相似,因此鉴别较困难。本文将介绍超声对于甲状腺术后的随诊应用,分析甲状腺术后瘢痕组织的超声检查特点并着重介绍超声动态观察甲状腺术后瘢痕组织的应用及其发展前景。     

同步放化疗 单纯放疗与序贯放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效研究

目的回顾性分析中晚期宫颈癌患者接受单纯放疗、同步放化疗以及序贯放化疗3种不同治疗方式的临床资料,以期获得3种治疗方式的临床疗效及不良反应,为中晚期宫颈癌个体化治疗提供相关依据。方法收集2008年3月至2012年3月93例均经病理学证实为(Ⅱb~Ⅲb)中晚期宫颈的患者,同步放化疗组34例、序贯放化疗组30例、单纯放疗组29例。结果 3组总有效率为80.6%,其中单纯放疗组有效率62.1%,同步放化疗组有效率91.2%,序贯放化疗组86.7%。3组近期疗效比较:同步放化疗组与序贯放化疗组近期疗效优于单纯放疗组(P<0.05),同步放化疗组与序贯放化疗组无显著差异(P>0.05)。毒副反应:同步放化疗组在3组中毒副反应较为明显(P<0.05),单纯放疗组与序贯放化疗组的毒副反应无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单纯放疗组、同步放化疗组、序贯放化疗组消化道反应分别为27.6%、61.8%和36.7%;骨髓抑制主要引起白细胞下降,分别为27.6%、67.6%和40%;膀胱反应分别为13.8%、52.9%和26.7%。3年生存率,同步放化疗组3年生存率80%,序贯放化疗组和单纯放疗组约70%。结论 3组方案中同步放化疗在治疗中晚期宫颈癌方面具有一定的优势和疗效。     

乌司他丁治疗重度烧伤合并吸入性损伤的临床研究

目的观察乌司他丁对重度烧伤合并吸入性损伤患者的治疗作用。方法符合入组条件的患者共24例,分为对照组和乌司他丁治疗组,乌司他丁治疗组给予每日1次注射用乌司他丁20万单位,持续2周。观察两组治疗前后RR、PaO2、PaCO2、TNF-α、IL-8的浓度变化。结果乌司他丁治疗组与常规治疗组比较,RR、PaO2、IL-8、TNF-α差异均有统计学意义。结论对于重度烧伤合并吸入性损伤的患者,乌司他丁可有效的清除炎性介质,改善患者的呼吸功能。     

突发性聋预后及影响因素的回顾性分析

目的回顾性分析突发性聋的临床特点及综合治疗效果,并对其预后的影响因素进行探讨。方法回顾性分析突发性聋患者204例临床资料。结果 204例突发性聋患者经综合治疗141例患者有效,总有效率69.1%;发病年龄为50岁及以下总有效率明显高于50岁以上者;发病1周内就诊者总有效率明显高于1周后就诊者;听力损失中度及以下者总有效率明显高于重度及以上者;无眩晕患者经综合治疗总有效率明显高于伴有眩晕的患者;两组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论性别及患耳侧别对突聋预后无影响;发病年龄、发病至干预时间、听力损失程度及是否伴有眩晕是影响突聋预后的重要因素。     

Esophageal cancer cells convert the death signal from TRAIL into a stimulus for survival during acid/bile exposure

BackgroundTRAIL is best known for killing cancer cells selectively, however, some cancers resist TRAIL treatment for various reasons. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is such an example. Previously, we reported that the tumor cells interrupted TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by overexpressing the decoy receptors and survivin.AimsTo investigate TRAIL resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma during GERD.MethodsWe simulated GERD episodes in vitro by exposing cancer cells to the acid/bile conditions acutely as well as chronically. TRAIL and its receptors were examined for expression, interaction, and induction of cell death.ResultsWe found that acid/bile exposure drove the tumor cells to express TRAIL and TRAILR2 robustly, but did not lead to apoptosis, because the tumor cells overexpressed TRADD to replace FADD as the adaptor molecule to trigger NFκB activation instead of caspases, and thereby convert a death signal from TRAIL into a stimulus for survival. The tumor cells also overexpressed c-FLIP to keep caspases away from TRAILR2 in case FADD finds a way back to the death receptor.ConclusionMultiple reasons contribute to TRAIL resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma, including overexpression of the decoy receptors to block the death receptors, using TRADD to replace FADD, and using c-FLIP to replace caspase-8.