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81.
Ralph E. Tarter PhD rea M. Hegedus MPA Gerald Goldstein PhD Carolyn Shelly MA Arthur I. Alterman PhD 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1984,8(2):216-222
Adolescent sons of alcoholics and nonalcoholics were compared on a battery of intellectual, neuropsychological, personality, and behavioral measures. The former group demonstrated certain neuropsychological deficits in perceptual-motor ability, memory, and language processing. They also had auditory and visual attentional impairments and a lower level of achievement in reading comprehension. In addition, the sons of alcoholics presented a more neurotic personality profile than sons of nonalcoholics. They were, however, less impulsive than the comparison group. More development and familial problems were noted in the alcoholics' offspring as well. The implications of these findings for understanding the causes and consequences of alcoholism are discussed. 相似文献
82.
Manuela Merli M.D. Valentina Valeriano M.D. Stefania Funaro M.D. Adolfo Francesco Attili M.D. rea Masini M.D. Cesare Efrati M.D. Stefano De Castro M.D. Oliviero Riggio M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2002,97(1):142-148
OBJECTIVES: The implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been shown to exacerbate the hyperdynamic circulation and might induce a significant cardiac overload. We investigated cardiac function before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the TIPS procedure in cirrhotic patients. METHODS: Eleven patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis were evaluated. Cardiovascular parameters were assessed by two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: After TIPS, the left ventricular diastolic diameter increased from 26.5 +/- 1.8 mm (basal) to 30.0 +/- 2.8 mm (6 months) (p < 0.05), whereas the ejection fraction showed a slight increase (basal, 64.5 +/- 3.3; 6 months, 68.1 +/- 3.2). The left ventricular pre-ejection period and the isovolumetric relaxation time decreased transiently at 1 month (p < 0.05). An increased velocity in all of the components of pulmonary venous flow (systolic, diastolic, and atrial) documented the accelerated fluxes induced by the procedure. The estimated pulmonary systolic arterial pressure also increased at 1 month (29.5 +/- 1.4 vs 44.1 +/- 1.4 mm Hg, p < 0.05). All of these modifications reverted after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients, without cardiovascular pathologies, show transient modifications in cardiac dimension and function for 3-6 months after TIPS caused by the increased volume load shunted to the heart. 相似文献
83.
Transplantation of peripheral blood progenitor cells from HLA-identical sibling donors 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Norbert Schmitz rea Bacigalupo Myriam Labopin Ignazio Majolino Jean-Philippe Laporte Lorentz Brinch Gordon Cook Giorgio Lambertenghi Deliliers rzej Lange Ciril Rozman Javier Garcia-Conde Jürgen Finke rieu Domingo-Albos & Alois Gratwohl 《British journal of haematology》1996,95(4):715-723
Transplantation of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) has largely replaced autologous bone marrow transplantation. The same might occur in the allogeneic setting if the favourable initial experience with allogeneic PBPCT is confirmed. We analysed all primary transplants utilizing unmodified PBPC from HLA-identical sibling donors reported to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) for 1994. 59 patients with a median age of 39 years received myeloablative therapy for acute myelogenous leukaemia (23 patients), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (13), chronic myelogenous leukaemia (nine), lymphoma (seven), or other diagnoses (seven) mostly of advanced stages followed by transplantation of allogeneic PBPC. Three patients died soon after grafting, the others showed prompt haemopoietic recovery with median times to recover an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) above 0.5 and 1.0×109/l of 15 (range 9–27) and 17 d (range 10–28) respectively. Time to platelet recovery above 20 or 50×109/l was 16 (range 9–76) and 18 d (range 12–100) respectively. 27 patients (46%) developed no or mild acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The incidence of moderate (grade II) disease was 27%; 24% of the patients developed severe acute GVHD (grades III or IV). 55% of patients who were alive 90 d after transplantation developed chronic GVHD, the probability to develop extensive chronic GVHD was 32% (95% confidence interval 22–42) with a median follow-up of 14 months. Overall and event-free survival (EFS) at 1 year were 54% (CI 48–60) and 50% (CI 43–57), respectively, the relapse incidence was 23% (CI 17–29). EFS was 67% (CI 55–79) in patients transplanted for acute leukaemias in first complete remission, chronic myelogenous leukaemia in first chronic phase, or severe aplastic anaemia. Transplantation of allogeneic PBPC resulted in prompt and durable engraftment. The incidence and severity of acute and chronic GVHD seemed comparable to that observed after allogeneic BMT. Overall and event-free survival in this cohort of patients, most of whom suffered from advanced leukaemia or lymphoma, is encouraging, suggesting that the high numbers of T lymphocytes and/or natural killer cells contained in a typical PBPC collection product exert a vigorous graft-versus-leukaemia effect. Further evaluation of allogeneic PBPCT is highly desirable. 相似文献
84.
Enhanced Mucosal Interleukin-6 and -8 in Helicobacter pylori-Positive Dyspeptic Patients 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Paolo Gionchetti M.D. Dino Vaira M.D. Massimo Campieri M.D. John Holton M.D. Marcello Menegatti M.D. rea Belluzzi M.D. Elisabetta Bertinelli M.D. Maurizio Ferretti M.D. Corrado Brignola M.D. Mario Miglioli M.D. Luigi Barbara M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1994,89(6):883-887
Objectives: To determine the concentrations of interleukin-1β, interieukin-6, and interieukin-8 in tissue homogenates of mucosal biopsy specimens from Helicobacter pylori-positive and -negative patients. Methods: In 43 consecutive patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, seven antral biopsies were taken; three specimens were used for cytokine determination and the remaining four biopsies were processed for H. pylori detection. Peripheral venous blood was collected and IgG to H. pylori was assayed by an ELISA technique. Results: Twenty-nine of 43 patients (67%) were histologically positive for H. pylori; all had chronic gastritis. The mucosal levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 were significantly higher in H. pylori-positive patients than in the negative patients p < 0.001). A significantly higher percentage of interleukin-8 was found in patients colonized by H. pylori with active superficial chronic gastritis (85.7%), compared to quiescent superficial gastritis (12.5%) ( p < 0.01), and the median and range were, respectively, 400 (0–1000) and 0 (0–200) pg/mg protein (p < 0.001). In patients with active superficial gastritis, a significant correlation between interleukin-6 and -8 was found ( p 0.01). No difference was found regarding the mucosal levels of interleukin-lβ according to the presence of H. pylori. Conclusions: These results suggest a possible pathogenetic role for interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in H. pylori -associated gastritis. 相似文献
85.
Peter Mauch rea Ng Berthe Aleman Patrice Carde Louis Constine Volker Diehl Ketayun Dinshaw Mary Gospodarowicz Steve Hancock David Hodgson Richard Hoppe Raymond Liang Markus Loeffler Lena Specht Lois B. Travis rew Wirth Joachim Yahalom 《European journal of haematology》2005,75(S66):68-76
Abstract: A workshop, sponsored by the Rockefellar Foundation, was held between 9 to 16 July, 2003 to devise strategies to reduce mortality and improve quality of life of long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease. Participants were selected for their clinical and research background on late effects after Hodgkin's disease therapy. Experts from both developed and developing nations were represented in the workshop, and efforts were made to ensure that the proposed strategies would be globally applicable whenever possible. The types of late complications, magnitude of the problem, contributing risk factors, methodology to assess the risk, and challenges faced by developing countries were presented. The main areas of late effects of Hodgkin's disease discussed were as follows: second malignancy, cardiac disease, infection, pulmonary dysfunction, endocrine abnormalities, and quality of life. This report summarizes the findings of the workshop, recommendations, and proposed research priorities in each of the above areas. 相似文献
86.
Pseudo-drunk-patron evaluation of bar-staff compliance with Western Australian liquor law 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Philip Rydon Tim Stockwell Ernie Lang rea Beel 《Australian and New Zealand journal of public health》1996,20(3):290-295
Abstract: Compliance of bar staff with the Western Australian liquor law prohibiting service to drunk patrons was assessed through the deployment of actors trained to behave in a drunken manner. The serving practices of 23 licensed premises (19 hotels and four nightclubs) were examined. During 120 visits to hotel and nightclub bars, more than 350 drink orders were placed by pairs of pseudo-drunk actors who ordered up to three drinks each on each visit. On placing these drink orders, pseudo-drunks were refused service by bar staff on only 12 occasions. The rate of refusal of service across all premises was 10 per cent of visits. Partial interventions by servers, such as offering food or low-alcohol or nonalcoholic drinks, occurred in only four instances of the 120 visits. Qualitative observations and results obtained from a separate study examining a subsample of the servers who trained in responsible service of alcohol are discussed. 相似文献
87.
Ernie Lang Tim Stockwell Philip Rydon rea Beel 《Australian and New Zealand journal of public health》1996,20(3):296-300
Abstract: The extent to which door and bar staff of licensed premises responded to possibly under-age patrons was assessed through the use of research assistants (young pseudo-patrons) selected for having the appearance of being under 18 years old. A total of 156 visits were made to 13 licensed premises: 1. before delivery of a server training program, 2. immediately after training, and 3. after three months. Staff rarely checked the age and/or identification (ID) of the young pseudo-patrons before or after training. However, a significant interaction was found between the sex of the pseudo-patron and the type of premises. Door staff, who were predominantly at nightclubs, were more likely to check the ID of female pseudo-patrons and hotel bar staff were more likely to check the ID of males. In most cases, however, nonphotographic ID was accepted. While some strategies are suggested, the strongest and most effective measure to prevent under-age drinking will be a more rigorous enforcement of existing liquor laws. 相似文献
88.
Stentless Porcine Bioprostheses in the Treatment of Aortic Valve Infective Endocarditis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Francesco Santini M.D. rea Musazzi M.D. Paolo Bertolini M.D. Peppino Pugliese M.D. Alessandro Fabbri M.D. Giuseppe Faggian M.D. Antonia Prioli M.D. Alessandro Mazzucco M.D. 《Journal of cardiac surgery》1995,10(3):205-209
Between January 1992 and June 1994, 23 patients underwent surgery for aortic valve endocarditis at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Verona; a subgroup of 10 patients underwent aortic valve replacement with a porcine stentless valve (Biocor LTDA n = 8; Toronto SPV n = 2). There were 7 males and 3 females with a mean age of 56.3 years (range, 36 to 73 years). Eight patients had active endocarditis and two had healed endocarditis. Nine patients had native valve in endocarditis, the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve in 2, and 1 patient had recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE), 7 of whom were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class IV. The main indications for operation were congestive cardiac failure, active sepsis, and presence of large and mobile vegetations by echo and arrhythmias. There were no operative or late mortalities in this subgroup of patients. Short-term survival is 100% at a mean follow-up time of 11.2 months (range, 4 to 18 months), with no recurrent endocarditis or valve-related complications. 相似文献
89.
Zoubeida Al-Yahfoufi rea Mombelli reas Wicki Niklaus P. Lang 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1995,22(1):78-84
Abstract In a previous study, it was shown that professional tooth cleaning 3X a week had a significant influence on the subgingival microbiota of shallow pockets. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of a single episode of full-mouth supragingival cleaning and oral hygiene instructions in subjects with minimal periodontal disease but high prevalence of putative periodontal pathogens. 10 subjects from Arabic countries, aged between 22 and 48 years, which had previously not been exposed to any dental care other than extractions and fillings, were selected for this trial. DNA probe analysis of subgingival samples, taken in the deepest pocket of each quadrant, showed presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in all patients, and presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in 5 individuals. 85% of all samples were P. gingivalis-positive, 83% were positive for P. intermedia and 43% were A. actinomycetemcomitans-positive. 4 weeks after treatment, subgingival microbiological samples were again taken in the same sites. In 8 patients. P. gingivalis could still be detected after treatment. However, the number of P. gingivalis positive samples was reduced from 85% to 38%, and the bacterial counts in positive samples were markedly lower than at baseline. P. intermedia-positive samples were obtained from 7 patients after treatment. 33% of all samples were still positive, but showed markedly reduced bacterial counts. 4 patients still yielded A. actinomycetem comitans-positive samples after treatment. Here, the number of positive samples was reduced to 15%, and the bacterial counts were barely exceeding the detection limit. Concomitantly, the % of pockets deeper than 3 mm was reduced from 13% to 3% and the percentage of sites bleeding upon probing was reduced from 68% to 20%. This study demonstrated a considerable, although not maximal clinical and microbiological effect of supragingival plaque control in subjects with high prevalence of periodontal pathogens but minimal periodontal disease. 相似文献
90.
Retrospective Analysis of the Effects of Psychotherapeutic Interventions on Outcomes of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
Amer Aboukasm Gregory Mahr Barbara Rader Gahry rea Thomas† Gregory L. Barkley 《Epilepsia》1998,39(5):470-473
Summary: Purpose: Uncertainty exists regarding the effectiveness of psychotherapy in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of therapeutic interventions in a cohort of patients with PNES.
Methods: We identified patients with PNES by outpatient video-EEG (VEEG) between 1992 and 1996. We retrospectively analyzed the effects on outcomes of various types of interventions for PNES administered at random, using a structured interview and review of medical records. Patients with subjective events and severe psychosis were excluded. Patients who required inpatient monitoring because the outpatient VEEG was inconclusive were also excluded.
Results: One hundred patients were diagnosed with PNES between 1992 and 1996: 61 patients completed the study. The average age was 43.3 years, and 90% were female. Nine (15%) had had PNES <1 year, and 7 (11%) had epilepsy. Eleven of 16 patients (68%) who received five or more counseling sessions, including showing the videotaped recording of the nonepileptic spell (13 of 16) by the comprehensive epilepsy program (CEP) psychotherapist had cessation (7 of 16) or reduction (4 of 16) of their episodes. Eleven of 15 patients (73%) who received only the feedback and care of their CEP neurologists had similar favorable outcome. Twelve of 25 patients (48%) who received counseling by a non-CEP psychotherapist or psychiatrist had cessation (10 of 25) or reduction (2 of 25) of episodes. Five patients who received no feedback or intervention had no improvement (4 of 5) or worsening (1 of 5) of the PNES.
Conclusions: Psychotherapy or feedback provided by CEP professionals with experience in epilepsy and PNES improves outcome and may be superior to other or no interventions. 相似文献
Methods: We identified patients with PNES by outpatient video-EEG (VEEG) between 1992 and 1996. We retrospectively analyzed the effects on outcomes of various types of interventions for PNES administered at random, using a structured interview and review of medical records. Patients with subjective events and severe psychosis were excluded. Patients who required inpatient monitoring because the outpatient VEEG was inconclusive were also excluded.
Results: One hundred patients were diagnosed with PNES between 1992 and 1996: 61 patients completed the study. The average age was 43.3 years, and 90% were female. Nine (15%) had had PNES <1 year, and 7 (11%) had epilepsy. Eleven of 16 patients (68%) who received five or more counseling sessions, including showing the videotaped recording of the nonepileptic spell (13 of 16) by the comprehensive epilepsy program (CEP) psychotherapist had cessation (7 of 16) or reduction (4 of 16) of their episodes. Eleven of 15 patients (73%) who received only the feedback and care of their CEP neurologists had similar favorable outcome. Twelve of 25 patients (48%) who received counseling by a non-CEP psychotherapist or psychiatrist had cessation (10 of 25) or reduction (2 of 25) of episodes. Five patients who received no feedback or intervention had no improvement (4 of 5) or worsening (1 of 5) of the PNES.
Conclusions: Psychotherapy or feedback provided by CEP professionals with experience in epilepsy and PNES improves outcome and may be superior to other or no interventions. 相似文献