内脏高敏感与功能性胃肠病

功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGIDs)是指一组以慢性或反复发作的消化道症状就诊,但无明确胃肠黏膜结构改变或生化异常可查的症候群。心理、社会因素可加重FGIDs患者症状,患者可同时伴有躯体症状[1]。其发病机制目前尚不明确,最初该类疾病被认为是胃肠神经官能症,大量的流行病学资料表明,尽管精神压力与患者症状发作有关,但主要还是决定于患者的就医行为。此后,FGIDs发病机制的研究又集中在胃肠动力改变方面,肠易激综合征患者(IBS)、功能性消化不良患者(FD)、非心源性胸痛患者(NCCP)均发现了各种胃肠动力异…     

荷移分光光度法测定诺氟沙星含量

本文研究了诺氟沙星与P-苯醌荷移反应条件,确定在乙醇介质中,在室温下反应50min可获得稳定的络合物,其λ_(max)=490nm;组成比为1:1表观摩尔吸光系数ε=4.13×10~3。应用拟定的方法测定制剂中诺氟沙星含量,获得满意的结果。     

国产氟康唑对小鼠隐球菌病的疗效

以５×１０３ｃｆｕ／鼠的新型隐球菌给小鼠脑室感染（ｉｃ）１ｈ后，分别口服氟康唑（Ｆｌｕ）５和１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或酮康唑（Ｋｅｔ）５０和１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｂｉｄ×９ｄ。对ｉｃ小鼠连续观察４０天的存活率和平均存活时间，Ｆｕｌ分别为５０％～７０％和８～１５天，Ｋｅｔ是３０％～４０％和５～９天。由小鼠侧尾静脉注射１０６ｃｆｕ／鼠新型隐球菌３天后产生的全身感染，分别给小鼠口服Ｆｌｕ２．５～１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或Ｋｅｔ２５～１００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ），ｂｉｄ×９ｄ。感染２４、２８和３２天的ＰＤ５０Ｆｌｕ是２．７、３．５和６．７ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ｋｅｔ为２８．４、７０．４和８３ｍｇ／ｋｇ；Ｆｌｕ和Ｋｅｔ的平均存活时间分别是２３～３４天和２０～３１天。在上述两种实验模型中分离脑和肺做细菌培养，Ｆｌｕ均与对照和５０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）的Ｋｅｔ比较，对ｉｃ１０天及静脉注射感染１３天的小鼠，口服５和１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）或２．５～１０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）Ｆｌｕ均显著抑制新型隐球菌生长。     

脾萎缩伴暴发性肺炎球菌败血症

本文报告1例脾萎缩伴暴发性肺炎球菌败血症、脑膜炎、播散性血管内凝血(DIC)及华-弗氏综合征。血培养分离出肺炎球菌。尸体解剖发现脾萎缩、双侧肾上腺出血及坏死。显微镜检查有肺炎、脑膜炎、DIC及华-弗氏综合征的组织学证据。对本病的发病机理和防治进行讨论     

Intraoperative coronary venography for portal hemodynamic observation in the procedure of combined portozygos disconnection

Since 1986, intraoperative coronary venography was performed on 24 patients before and after undergoing portoazygos disconnection for portal hypertension. Before the disconnection the portal vein was found to be communicated with cardial and esophageal veins by two pathways, i.e. from the esophageal branches of the coronary vein to the esophageal varices, and from the gastric branches of the coronary vein to the esophageal varices by way of the gastric intramural venula. The portal blood flow was postulated to be hepatofugal because the portal trunk could not be seen on the venography. Coronary venography done after the disconnection found no pericardial and esophageal varices but the portal vein with hepatoportal blood flow. The authors come to the conclusion that the operation has the advantage of both complete disconnection between the portal vein and the cardio-esophageal varices, thus preventing the varices bleeding, and increasing hepatic blood flow.     

联合断流术治疗食管静脉曲张出血的临床研究及远期疗效观察

自1981年1月以来,行联合断流术治疗门脉高压症食管静脉曲张出血102例,手术死亡率为6.9%。随访1～8年的生存率为85.7%,食管静脉曲张减轻或消失者为90%,未发现肝性脑病症状。远期死亡9例(14.3%),再出血4例(6.3%)。资料表明,这种手术既阻断了胃外又阻断了胃壁内的门-奇静脉交通血流,止血效果肯定而持久。由于未降低门静脉压力,故有利于维持肝脏的血流灌注。肝功能状况是决定治疗效果的主要因素。文章提出了选择手术适应证的条件。     

红细胞同工酶ADA－EAP一AK_1同步电泳分型方法的建立

综合、改良了分别分型的方法，建立了红细胞同工酶ＡＤＡ一ＥＡＰ一ＡＫ１同步电泳分型方法，为ＡＤＡ，ＥＡＰ和ＡＫ１３种红细胞同工酶在法医学鉴定中更广泛的应用，提供了一种可靠、经济、实用的方法。     

The Association of Different Measures of Insulinaemia with Vascular Risk Factors in Healthy Normoglycaemic Normotensive Non-obese Men and Women

Hyperinsulinaemia is said to be a risk factor for cardiovasculardisease, but the extent to which different insulinaemic measuresare associated with vascular risk factors in ostensibly healthyindividuals, and whether they operate independently in men andwomen, remains uncertain. The association between risk factors and various insulinaemicmeasures was examined in 148 men and 118 women who were normoglycaemic,normotensive, and non-obese (body mass index in men <27,in women <25). A 75 g glucose tolerance test was administeredafter blood sampling for fibrinogen, lipids, lipoproteins andinsulin. Insulin was also measured after 1 and 2 hours. Significantunivariate correlations (p<0.01) were most consistently recordedbetween insulinaemic measures and fasting serum triglyceridesin men and women, whilst systolic blood pressure only correlatedwith insulinaemia in women, and diastolic blood pressure correlatedwith fasting and 2 hour insulinaemic measures in men and women.Inconsistent associations were noted with total serum cholesterolin men and women, with high density lipoprotein cholesterol,body mass index, apoprotein B and A1 in men, and with fibrinogenin women. Age was not correlated with any insulinaemic measurein men or women. Differences in vascular risk factors between quintiles of theinsulinaemic measures were examined, after correction for bodymass index. The dominant association with fasting and post-glucoseload insulinaemic measures was with triglycerides, especiallyin women, with less frequent graded differences between quintilesobserved for total cholesterol, and diastolic and systolic bloodpressures in men and women. The incidence of other risk factors often only differed in thelowest or highest quintile in comparison to other quintiles,suggesting a threshold rather than a graded effect. Furthermore,differences in HDL cholesterol and apoprotein B were only recordedfor top quintiles of post-glucose challenge/integrated insulinaemicmeasures in men, whilst serum fibrinogen concentrations onlydiffered significantly in women in the top insulinaemic areaunder the curve quintile. In the absence of additional risk factors such as diabetes,hypertension and obesity, insulinaemic measures are not consistentlyrelated to blood pressure and measures of lipid metabolism andcoagulation, and are thus a weak predictor of other cardiovascularrisk factors. The vascular risk profile associated with insulinappears somewhat different in apparently healthy men and women.     

中国南方六省各民族体质特征及相互关系的研究

应用多元分析法对中国南方２６个民族组的体质特征进行分析比较。南方中国人显示出面貌头型比例适中，但绝对值较小，身体较瘦小的基本特点。面部轮廓因子、头部形态因子和体型因子是区分他们体质特征的简便而主要的因素。     

自体造血干细胞采集的护理

[目的]为进行自体外周血造血干细胞移植的病人提供优质护理，采集足够数量的造血干细胞，降低术中及术后不良反应。[方法]采用COBE Spectra血细胞分离机采集造血干细胞在采集前严密观察病人心理和血常规的变化，维持病人心理状态的稳定，掌握干细胞采集的最佳时机；术中严密观察生命体征、意识、四肢口唇是否有麻木感；术后监测病人外周的穿刺部位是否有出血，有无手足抽搐。[结果]20例病人均采集足够数量的造血干细胞，无不良反应发生：[结论]优质护理为自体外周血造血干细胞移植的成功奠定了基础。