医院高温蒸汽灭菌器排水管道锈蚀的原因分析与设计探讨

文章结合中国医学科学院肿瘤医院外科楼地下二层漏水问题,对排水管道锈蚀原因进行了分析,并针对高温蒸汽灭菌器排水管道的设计与施工提出了一些建议。     

上海市社区计划生育综合服务站工作人员紧急避孕知晓程度调查

目的:了解上海市社区计划生育综合服务站工作人员紧急避孕意识和服务水平,探讨社区紧急避孕规范化服务。方法:2010年1月～2010年12月对上海市闵行区和徐汇区25个街道计划生育服务站的275名服务人员进行问卷调查(紧急避孕相关知识及可接受性情况),同时进行紧急避孕专业培训。结果:社区计划生育服务人员均知道有紧急避孕,但在工作中应用比例为38.5%,73.8%调查对象知道紧急避孕的具体方法,能够正确回答紧急避孕使用常见问题的比例有33.87%。社区计划生育服务人员能够区别紧急避孕与常规的避孕方法,而对紧急避孕的局限性、副作用和失败后的处理方法认识还不足。通过紧急避孕专业培训,78.65%服务人员能够正确回答紧急避孕常见问题,同时纠正了原有的一些认识误区,提高了紧急避孕的知晓度和服务意识。结论:社区人口与计划生育服务人员应定期接受紧急避孕知识及技术培训,及时更新知识,提高服务水平。     

医学科研管理人员的管理类型与职业要素研究

根据具体工作表现,将医学科研管理人员分为积极推动型、上传下达型、消极被动型、个体障碍型四种基本管理类型,并解析相应管理类型的管理要素、管理效能和入职素质,从医学科研管理人员和上层决策者两个角度提出了相应的实践与管理建议.     

Nobiletin Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Placental Damage via Modulating P53 Signaling Pathway

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Nobiletin (NOB) on the placenta of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats that had undergone reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery and to evaluate the safety of NOB intervention during pregnancy. The results showed that NOB alleviated placental hypoxia, attenuated placental cell apoptosis, and inhibited placental damage in RUPP rats. No side effect of NOB intervention during pregnancy was observed. BeWo cell lines with P53 knockdown were then constructed using lentiviral transfection, and the P53 signaling pathway was found to be essential for NOB to reduce hypoxia-induced apoptosis of the BeWo cell lines. In summary, NOB attenuated hypoxia-induced placental damage by regulating the P53 signaling pathway, and those findings may contribute some insights into the role of NOB in placental development and the prevention of placental-related diseases.     

64层螺旋CT血管成像对真性腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂的诊断价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT血管成像对真性腹主动脉瘤先兆破裂的诊断价值。方法收集12例真忤腹主动脉瘤患者的64层螺旋CT扫描数据,传送至西门子Syngo MMWP VE23A工作站,采用多平面重组（MRP）、最大密度投影（MIP）、容积再现（VRT）等技术处理。结果全部患者真性动脉瘤位于肾动脉水平以下,CT征象包括瘤体直径增加、主动脉壁连续性中断、附壁血栓形成。结论64层螺旋CT血管成像是一种无创、快速的检查方法,为临床诊断、治疗腹主动脉瘤提供了重要信息。     

两种方法测定血清白蛋白的临床应用评价

目的分析电泳法和溴甲酚绿法检测白蛋白及白蛋白/球蛋白比值的相关性。方法本院健康体检人员及相关疾病人员102例,采用Helena全自动电泳仪和日立7600-020全自动生化分析仪分别进行测定,得出总蛋白、白蛋白及A/G比值,对上述结果进行相关性分析。结果溴甲酚绿法与电泳法进行比较:健康组ALB及A/G相关系数r分别为0.98、0.97,(P>0.05);肝病组ALB及A/G相关系数r分别为0.90、0.91(P>0.05);肾病组ALB及A/G相关系数r分别为0.74、0.73(P<0.05);多发性骨髓瘤组ALB及A/G相关系数r分别为0.52、0.55(P<0.05)。结论对健康人和肝病患者两种方法检测白蛋白有相关性,电泳法依据物理性质分离蛋白质,结果更具客观性,在肾病和多发性骨髓瘤病人的测定结果更加稳定可靠。     

铜绿假单胞菌耐碳青酶烯类抗菌药物机制分类检测的研究

目的研究铜绿假单胞菌(PA)耐碳青酶烯类抗菌药物机制的分布。方法应用复合纸片法检测47株临床分离的耐碳青酶烯类抗菌药物PA临床分离株,据表型推测其耐药机制并分析其分布。结果产金属酶、D2缺失、外排泵出分别占29.8%、31.9%、31.9%,产其他β-内酰胺酶占6.4%。结论产金属酶是PA耐碳青酶烯类抗菌药物最主要机制之一,准确的实验室检测不仅可以帮助临床合理选用抗菌药物并可减少细菌耐药性的传播。     

非常规分割放射治疗的放射生物学基础与临床应用

如何进一步提高肿瘤的放疗疗效是放射临床医师及放射生物学家长期以来密切关注的问题。在放射生物学对放疗的时间、剂量、分割次数深入研究基础上,20世纪70年代开始提出了多种非常规分割的放疗方法,如超分割放疗（HRT）、加速超分割放疗（HART）,包括连续加速超分割放疗（CHART、CHART—WEL）、同时小野加量加速超分割放疗（CBHART）、分段加速超分割放疗（SCHART）、后程加速超分割放疗（LCHART）、逐步增量加速超分割放疗（EHART）等和连续加速常规分割放疗（CAIR）,并在临床应用中取得了明显的治疗效果。     

Effects of Chronic Exposure to Diets Containing Moldy Corn or Moldy Wheat Bran on Growth Performance,Ovarian Follicular Pool,and Oxidative Status of Gilts

Background: We investigated the effect of replacing normal corn (NC) or normal wheat bran (NW) with moldy corn (MC) or moldy wheat bran (MW) on growth, ovarian follicular reserves, and oxidative status. Methods: Sixty-three Landrace × Yorkshire gilts were assigned to seven diets formulated by using MC to replace 0% (control), 25% (25% MC), 50% (50% MC), 75% (75% MC), and 100% NC (100% MC), MW to replace 100% NW (100% MW), and MC and MW to replace 100% NC and 100% NW (100% MC + MW), from postnatal day 110 to day 19 of the second estrous cycle. Results: Feeding the gilts with MC or MW induced a lower average daily gain at days 29–56 of the experiment. Age at puberty remained unchanged, but MC inclusion resulted in a linear decrease in antral follicles with diameter >3.0 mm, and control gilts had a 12.7 more large antral follicles than gilts in the 100% MC + MW treatment. MC inclusion linearly decreased the numbers of primordial follicles, growing follicles, and corpora lutea, associated with a lower anti-Müllerian hormone level in serum and 17β-estradiol level in follicular fluid. MC inclusion decreased the serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 and its mRNA levels in the liver, combined with higher malondialdehyde concentration and lower total superoxide dismutase activities in serum and liver. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to MC-containing diets caused the loss of follicles, even if levels of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and aflatoxin B1 were below the levels allowed by China and Europe standards.     

Development of a Flexible Metamaterial Film with High EM Wave Absorptivity by Numerical and Experimental Methods

The present study is intended to develop and test a cost-effective and efficient printing method for fabricating flexible metamaterial film with high electromagnetic wave absorptivity. The film can be easily applied to the surfaces with curved aspects. Firstly, numerical parametric study of the absorption characteristics of the film is performed for the range of frequency varying from 2.0 to 9.0 GHz based on commercial software package. Secondly, the flexible metamaterial films are fabricated, and experiments are conducted. The flexible metamaterial film consists of a flexible dielectric film made of polyimide (PI) and an array of split-ring resonators. The split-ring resonators of different geometric dimensions are fabricated on the PI film surface by using a silver nanoparticles ink jet printer. The performance of the flexible structure is then measured and dependence of operation frequency with higher absorptivity on the dimensions of the split-ring resonators is investigated. A comparison between the numerical and experimental data shows that the numerical predictions of the operation frequency with higher absorptivity closely agree with the experimental data.