婴幼儿室间隔缺损合并肺炎的诊治及手术时机探讨

目的对婴幼儿室间隔缺损合并肺炎的诊治及手术时机的探讨。方法回顾2013年1月—2014年7月我院心脏科收治的室间隔缺损合并肺炎患儿32例,分析其临床诊治及手术资料,探讨合适的手术时机。结果 32例患儿中均易患肺炎,部分反复发生,其中5例室间隔缺损均在1.0 cm以上,年龄在6个月以下,肺炎较重,不易控制,且心功能不全控制不理想,故予早期手术治疗,3例痊愈出院,1例放弃治疗,1例死亡,其余27例患儿经积极抗感染、改善心功能不全及对症、支持治疗后,肺炎治愈,心功能不全控制,行择期手术,全部痊愈出院。结论婴幼儿室间隔缺损合并肺炎,大部分经内科保守治疗可痊愈而择期手术,但部分患儿因年龄小、缺损大、肺炎重,心功能不能控制时,应尽早进行手术治疗,降低死亡率,改善患儿生存质量,减轻家庭负担。     

纤维支气管镜下行肺灌洗在治疗创伤性肺不张的临床应用价值

目的探究纤维支气管镜下行肺灌洗在治疗创伤性肺不张的临床应用价值。方法对照组给予常规对症支持治疗及经鼻导管吸痰治疗,观察组在对症支持治疗基础上给予纤维支气管镜下行肺灌洗治疗,观察对比两组临床疗效及术后并发症。结果观察组总有效率为95．6％,明显高于对照组的66．7％（P〈0．05）;1次经纤维支气管镜即可达到肺复张者27例（60．0％）;两组患者治疗过程中均未发生严重并发症。结论对创伤性肺不张患者行纤维支气管镜下行肺灌洗治疗,可有效解除气道堵塞,促进肺复张,改善临床预后。     

Mechanism research of Salvia miltiorrhiza on treating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury according to network pharmacology combined with molecular docking technique

Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a kind of complicated disease with an increasing incidence all over the world. Danshen was shown to exert therapeutic effect on MIRI. However, its chemical and pharmacological profiles remain to be elucidated. Network pharmacology was applied to characterize the mechanisms of Danshen on MIRI.The active compounds were screened from the online database according to their oral bioavailability and drug-likeness. The potential proteins of Danshen were collected from the TCMSP database, whereas the potential genes of MIRI were obtained from Gene Card database. The function of gene and pathways involved were researched by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. The compounds-targets and protein–protein interaction networks were constructed by Cytoscape software. The affinity between active components and potential targets was detected by molecular docking simulation.A total of 202 compounds in Danshen were obtained, and 65 were further selected as active components for which conforming to criteria. Combined the network analysis and molecular docking simulation, the results firstly demonstrated that the effect of Danshen on MIRI may be realized through the targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor A, interleukin-6, and AKT1 by its active components tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, and luteolin. The main regulatory pathways involved may include PI3K/ Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and interleukin-17 signaling pathway. The present study firstly researched the mechanism of Danshen on MIRI based on network pharmacology.The results revealed the multicomponents and multi-targets effects of Danshen in the treatment of MIRI. Importantly, the study provides objective basis for further experimental research.     

Radiation-initiated high strength chitosan/lithium sulfonate double network hydrogel/aerogel with porosity and stability for efficient CO2 capture

Developing efficient and inexpensive CO₂ capture technologies is a significant way to reduce carbon emissions. In this work, a novel chitosan/lithium sulfonate double network high strength hydrogel is synthesized by electron beam radiation. Due to the electron beam having a wide radiation area and certain penetrating power, the free radical polymerization can be initiated more uniformly and quickly in the hydrogel. The network structure of the hydrogel prepared by radiation-initiated polymerization is more uniform than that prepared by conventional chemical initiator-initiated polymerization. Meanwhile, the introduction of the second network to construct the double network structure does not reduce the surface area of the aerogel, which is different from the conventional method of grafting or impregnation modified porous materials. Moreover, the synthesized aerogels have good physical and chemical stability. The freeze-dried aerogels possess a porous structure and CO₂ capture ability due to the CO₂-philic double network structure. Because of the inexpensive raw material and convenient radiation process, this work can reduce the cost of CO₂ adsorbents and has prospects of application in the field of CO₂ solid adsorbents.

Chitosan hydrogel is regenerated from alkali/urea aqueous solution and the lithium sulfonate second network is introduced by electron beam radiation-initiated in situ free radical polymerization. The freeze-dried aerogel has CO₂ capture capacity.     

卷积神经网络探索孕中晚期胎儿大脑发育模式研究进展

MRI具有多参数、多序列,较高空间及组织分辨率等优势,已逐渐成为重要的产前影像学检查方法之一,可用于评估孕中晚期胎儿大脑发育;但受胎动等不可控因素影响,胎儿MR图像质量难以令人满意。卷积神经网络(CNN)是目前最常用于医学领域图像分割的深度学习算法,能够提升图像分辨率,已成功用于成人各系统,在胎儿领域尚处于起步阶段。本文就基于CNN探索孕中晚期胎儿大脑发育模式进展进行综述。     

丁香酚的药理作用研究进展

丁香酚又名4-烯丙基愈创木酚,是一种弱酸性酚类化合物,主要来源于桃金娘科植物丁香干燥花蕾。丁香酚具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤、心血管保护、抗病毒、降血糖、神经保护、骨细胞保护作用。因此综述了丁香酚的药理作用及其作用机制的研究进展,为丁香酚的开发和临床应用提供参考。     

安徽阜阳市精神分裂症流行病学调查

目的：了解安徽阜阳市精神分裂症的患病率，探讨其危害程度及发病危险因素。方法：选3县1市为框架，对≥15岁33332人进行流行病学调查，采取线索调查和逐户筛选相结合。结果：共检出精神分裂症159例，现患137例，总患病率4．77‰，时点患病率4．11‰，其中发生社会危害事件87例次。结论：精神分裂症对社区造成的危害十分严重，应予高度警觉。     

成人髋关节发育不良髋臼解剖学特征及临床意义

目的观察成人髋关节发育不良（DDH）终末期骨性关节炎患者的髋臼解剖形态特征,探讨在人工全髋关节置换术（THR）中各型髋臼缺损发生的特点和重建方法。方法回顾性分析2003年3月—2012年9月60例72髋成人DDH终末期骨性关节炎患者行THR患者的临床资料,观察髋臼解剖形态特征;并以髋臼中心为同心圆,Harris窝底为深度磨削髋臼塑形后,观察髋臼缺损的特点。根据缺损大小和对髋臼假体初始稳定性的影响分别行不植骨、骨泥植骨和结构性植骨治疗。结果72髋中,20髋呈浅杯状,其中CroweI型14例、CroweⅡ型4例、CroweⅣ型2例,髋臼缺损〈10％者15髋、10％～30％者5髋;22髋呈浅盘状,其中CmweI型2例、CmweⅡ型16例、CroweⅢ型4例,髋臼缺损〈10％者2髋、10％-30％者16髋、〉30％者4髋;20髋呈贝壳状,其中CroweⅡ型5例、CroweⅢ型17例,髋臼缺损〈10％者1髋、10％-30％者5髋、〉30％者14髋;10髋呈三角状,均为CroweⅣ型,髋臼缺损〈10％者8髋、10％～50％者2髋。髋臼缺损〈10％者,髋臼假体稳定,未植骨;10％-30％者,髋臼假体较稳定,骨泥植骨;〉30％者髋臼假体不稳定,行结构性植骨后假体稳定。结论成人DDH终末期骨性关节炎的髋臼具有浅杯状、浅盘状、贝壳状和三角状4种解剖形态,这些异常解剖形态的发生除与先天性发育缺陷和后天长期的异常力学环境有关,还与股骨头脱位程度有关;在人工THR中,应根据不同形态髋臼缺损发生的特点和对髋臼假体稳定性的影响确定髋臼重建方法。