沙棘果中总黄酮苷类的提取工艺研究

目的探讨沙棘果实中总黄酮苷类的最佳提取工艺。方法采用单因素实验和正交实验结合的方法筛选,对乙醇浓度、提取温度、料液比、提取时间进行四因素三水平的正交试验。结果最佳工艺条件为70℃下采用60%的乙醇浸提,固液比1∶15,回流提取(0.5 h×3)。结论首次将水解后的沙棘总黄酮苷元作为沙棘总黄酮提取工艺的评价指标,在分析检测方法上不仅应测定水解前,还应考察测定水解后总黄酮苷元的含量。     

Analysis of 28 cases with oviduct occlusion-related infertility treated with a guide wire under uteroscopy and laparoscopy

目的 探讨联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的疗效.方法 28例不孕症患者,经输卵管造影术证实为输卵管不同程度阻塞,联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝疏通阻塞的输卵管.结果 治疗后,双侧输卵管通畅24例,治愈率85.7％,有效的患者26例,总有效率92.9％.结论 联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕可视、微创、安全、有效、治愈率高.     

护理干预法在糖尿病性眼病患者术后疼痛的应用评价

目的探讨护理干预方法对糖尿病性眼病行手术后疼痛的应用价值。方法将147例糖尿病性眼病眼科手术患者随机分为对照组74例及干预组73例,对照组进行常规护理,干预组给予护理干预,比较两组术后疼痛情况、术后第2天血糖情况及平均住院时间。结果干预组和对照组术后第2天空腹血糖分别为（6.96±2.50）mmol/L,（8.91±3.00）mmol/L,平均住院时间分别为（10.0±2.5）d,（15.0±5.2）d。干预组术后疼痛等级、术后第2天空腹血糖及平均住院时间低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论对糖尿病性眼病患者实施术后的护理干预,可有效地降低镇痛药物的使用,有效控制患者术后血糖。     

The inhibitory effects of m-nisoldipine on the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via Ca2+ antagonism and antioxidant mechanisms

The excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) plays a critical role in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Recent studies indicate that Ca(2+) and reactive oxygen species are critically involved in the process of smooth muscle cell proliferation stimulated by mitogens, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Because m-nisoldipine, a Ca(2+) channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class, possesses some calcium antagonistic and antioxidant properties, we investigated the effect of m-nisoldipine on PASMC proliferation. The results indicated that m-nisoldipine inhibited 5-HT-induced PASMC proliferation, evaluated by BrdU incorporation and the MTT assay, and this effect was associated with a decreased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Flow cytometry analysis showed that m-nisoldipine blocked 5-HT-induced cell-cycle progression by arresting the cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Next, the production of reactive oxygen species and the levels of [Ca(2+)](i) in PASMCs were measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy; m-nisoldipine pretreatment attenuated the [Ca(2+)](i) elevation and the production of reactive oxygen species induced by 5-HT. In addition, m-nisoldipine significantly decreased the 5-HT-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the subsequent c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression. Meanwhile, results also showed that N-acetylcysteine (a reactive oxygen species scavenger) suppressed the proliferation and the ERK1/2 and JNK activation induced by 5-HT. In summary, this study demonstrated that m-nisoldipine effectively suppressed the 5-HT-induced PASMC proliferation, ERK1/2 and JNK activation and subsequent c-fos and c-jun mRNA expression, all of which might be associated with the Ca(2+) antagonistic and antioxidant properties of m-nisoldipine.     

联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症28例分析

目的探讨联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕症的疗效。方法28例不孕症患者,经输卵管造影术证实为输卵管不同程度阻塞,联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝疏通阻塞的输卵管。结果治疗后,双侧输卵管通畅24例,治愈率85.7%,有效的患者26例,总有效率92.9%。结论联合应用宫腔镜-腹腔镜进行导丝治疗输卵管阻塞性不孕可视、微创、安全、有效、治愈率高。     

In vivo recovery effect of silibinin treatment on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice is associated with the modulations of sirt-1 expression and autophagy in pancreatic β-cell

Improper adjustments of autophagy and silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1) expression were reported to be closely associated with metabolic disorders. In this study, we examined the roles of Sirt-1 and autophagy in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, assessed the relationship between autophagy and Sirt-1, and investigated the protective mechanism of silibinin. Diabetes was induced in 6-week-old mice by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (150 mg/kg/day, for 2 weeks). In the treatment groups, silibinin (50 mg/kg/day, intramuscular injection, for 8 weeks) or inhibitors (50 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous injection, for 8 weeks) were given. Diabetic control animals received vehicle for the same time. Compared with diabetic controls, silibinin or autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, treated mice showed decreased levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (P < 0.01), serum triglyceride (P < 0.01), cholesterol (P < 0.01), blood glucose (P < 0.05), autophagy (P < 0.05), and apoptosis ratio (P < 0.05) of pancreatic β-cells. Systemic administration of silibinin reversed streptozotocin-induced downregulation of Sirt-1 expression. Sirt-1 may play a role in regulating the physiological level of autophagy and is associated with loss of pancreatic β-cells and metabolic biochemical disorders. Through promoting Sirt-1 expression and recovering autophagy physiologically, silibinin may reverse hyperglycemia and repair damaged pancreatic β-cells.     

多药耐药基因多态性对利培酮及9-羟基利培酮稳态血药浓度的影响

多药耐药基因(MDR1)是跨膜转运体P-糖蛋白(P-gp)的编码基因。胃肠道和血脑屏障等组织中的P-gp可以将包括药物在内的外源性底物排出细胞,影响P-gp底物药物的吸收和分布。MDR1基因多态性会影响P-gp表达和活性,进而影响底物药物的血药浓度和临床疗效,非典型性抗精神药物利培酮及代谢物9-羟基利培酮都是P-gp底物,MDR1基因多态性与这类药物的血药浓度和临床疗效可能相关。     

RP-HPLC法同时测定甘草酸制剂中18α-、18β-甘草酸的含量

目的:建立RP-HPLC法同时测定甘草酸制剂中18α-、18β-甘草酸的含量。方法:采用Phenyl-Hexyl(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为10 mmol·L-1醋酸铵溶液(pH=7.75)-乙腈(83∶17),流速1.0 mL·min-1,柱温38℃,检测波长250 nm。结果:18α-、18β-甘草酸的线性范围均为0.3～80μg·mL-1(r2分别为0.9998和0.9999)。两差向异构体得到良好的分离,各制剂中异构体的组成比各不相同。结论:该方法准确,简便,重复性好,可为控制甘草酸制剂中18α-甘草酸和18β-甘草酸的质量标准提供参考,为对18α-甘草酸和18β-甘草酸的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

某三级甲等医院干预前后住院患者的抗菌药物使用强度分析

目的:了解某三级甲等医院开展抗菌药物临床应用专项整治活动前、后住院患者抗菌药物使用强度(AUD)的变化情况。方法:回顾性调查该院2010年12月-2011年5月(整治前)和2011年6-11月(整治后)住院患者抗菌药物的使用品种、品规,计算其AUD,并进行对比分析。结果:整治后该院抗菌药物品种、品规从整治前的75种、144个分别下降至48种、79个;抗菌药物的AUD由整治前的85.6DDDs/100人/天下降为56.8DDDs/100人/天;静脉用药的AUD由整治前的73.3DDDs/100人/天下降至49.4DDDs/100人/天;排序前10位药品的AUD由整治前的54.0DDDs/100人/天下降至44.5DDDs/100人/天。结论:通过开展抗菌药物临床应用专项整治活动,抗菌药物的AUD、品种、品规降幅较大,但抗菌药物特别是β-内酰胺类复方制剂的AUD仍较高,还须进一步加强干预和控制抗菌药物的使用。     

HSV-1基因转移载体在荷瘤裸鼠体内的生物分布研究

目的 研究HSV-1基因转移栽体在BALB/c荷瘤裸鼠体内的生物分布.方法 BALB/c裸鼠注射人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞制备肿瘤模型,瘤体内注射1×107pfu HSV-1,每2天给药1次,共给药3次.分别于给药后24h、5d和17d采集组织脏器,采用Taqman实时荧光定量PCR法,检测不同组织脏器中HSV-1基因拷贝数.结果 成功制备裸鼠肿瘤模型.在不同时间点,肿瘤中检测到的病毒载体最多,且随着时间延长不断增加;淋巴结、背根神经节和性腺中也有较高水平的病毒载体;其他组织器官中病毒载体量较少.结论 HSV-1能为基因转移提供有效、安全的载体平台,并能用于构建溶瘤基因治疗产品.