胸腰椎骨折术后内固定松动、断裂的原因及预防

目的 探讨椎弓根螺钉系统用于胸腰椎骨折术后出现松动、断裂的原因，并提出相应的预防对策。方法 12例胸腰椎骨折术后内固定失效病例，采用RF系统3例，AF系统9例。均未行植骨融合，AF系统中未按要求安装横连结3例，术后伤椎前缘高度平均恢复至正常的85．2％。结果 术后8—21个月出现棒断裂4例，螺钉断裂3例，钉帽松动5例。结论 内固定物的自身问题、术者的经验欠缺及操作不规范是胸腰椎骨折术后椎弓根螺钉系统松动、断裂的原因，但伤椎骨结构未能得到良好重建及术后椎间盘退变可能是其更重要的因素。因此重视内固定物的选择、加强规范操作，强调对损伤椎体及椎间盘的全面处理是预防内固定失效的有效措施。     

对大肠癌术后早期炎性肠梗阻诊治的探讨

目的：探讨大肠癌术后早期炎性肠梗阻的特点及治疗方法；方法：分析10例大肠癌术后出现早期炎性肠梗阻的临床表现并进行综合保守治疗；结果：10例患者保守治疗全部成功；结论：术后早期炎性肠梗阻是一种非细菌性炎性肠梗阻，以发生在术后早期，腹胀、呕吐明显，腹痛轻或无为主要临床特点，治疗应采用保守治疗。     

NK／LAK细胞对人口腔癌耐细胞药株杀伤活性的观察

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relation between cytotoxic activity of immunologic effector cells and multidrug resistance of the tumor cells. METHODS: Continuous observation of the morphological changes and MTT colorimetry were employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and natural killer (NK) cells against multidrug-resistant (MDR) human oral carcinoma cell line-KBV200 (before and after reversal of MDR) and parental drug-sensitive cell line KB. The morphologic changes of LAK cells and the 3 target cell lines were observed continuously under inverted microscope 3 h after co-culture of LAK cells with one of three target cell lines respectively. The lysis rates of three tumor cell lines in response to co-culture with LAK or NK cells were determined using MTT colorimetry. RESULTS: In comparison with the parental drug-sensitive cell line KB, both KBV200 and its reserved cell line by verapamil (KBVV) showed earlier adherence and greater number of cells lysed by LAK. In MTT colorimetry assay, the cytotoxicity of both LAK and NK cells against the 3 cell lines was associated with the effector-to-target (E/T) cell ratio; the lysis rates of KBV200 and reversed KBV200 cells by verapamil in response to LAK and NK cells were higher than that of KB cells (P<0.05), but KBV200 and KBVV did not significantly differ (P>0.05). At the same E/T ratio, LAK cells possessed stronger cytotoxicity than NK cells against all the tumor cell lines (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Immunologic effector cells possess strong cytotoxic activity against multidrug-resistant cell line KBV200. Modulation of MDR does not decrease the cytotoxic activity of the immunologic effector cells. The results of this study suggest that adoptive cell immunotherapy with immunologic effector cells may be of value in controlling the progress of MDR tumors.     

APTT测定值和APTT测定值比率的临床应用价值探讨

目的;探讨APIT测定值(秒)和APIT测定值比率中哪一种是更稳定、更可靠的临床应用指标。方法:将同一标本采用法国STA-Compat全自动血凝仪以及两种手工法同时测定,比较同组标本不同方法的APTT测定值(秒)和APTT测定值比率。结果:手工法(一)与法国STA-Compact全自动血凝仅比较,如APTT值以秒表示,对照组、口服抗凝剂组及肝病组病人同组标本不同方法之间存在显著性差异(P<0.01,P0.10,P>0.50,P>0.05);手工法(二)与法国STA-Compact全自动血凝仪在对照组、口服抗凝剂组及白血病组的比较中,也获得类似的结果。结论:将APTT测定值(秒)转化为病人与对照APTT测定值比率报告,使不同方法结果间更具可比性。在APTT报告的标准化方面,建议将APTT和APTT测定值比率同时报告。     

Modeling of relationships between pharmacokinetics and blockade of agonist-induced elevation of intraurethral pressure and mean arterial pressure in conscious dogs treated with alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists.

Fiduxosin is a new alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist targeted for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the potencies of the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonists terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and fiduxosin, based on relationships between plasma drug concentrations and blockade of phenylephrine (PE)-induced intraurethral (IUP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses after single oral dosing in conscious male beagle dogs. Magnitude of blockade and plasma concentrations were evaluated at selected time points over 24 h. All drugs produced dose-dependent antagonism of PE-induced IUP and MAP responses. When IUP and MAP blockade effects were plotted against drug plasma concentrations, direct relationships were observed that were well described by the sigmoidal maximal effect model. IUP IC(50) values for terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin, and fiduxosin were 48.6, 48.7, 0.42, and 261 ng/ml, respectively. MAP IC(50) values were 12.2, 13.8, 1.07, and 1904 ng/ml, respectively. Uroselectivity index values, defined as MAP IC(50)/IUP IC(50), were 0.25, 0.28, 2.6, and 7.3, respectively. These results extend previous observations with terazosin in this model, showing that doxazosin exhibits a uroselectivity index comparable to terazosin, consistent with the lack of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype selectivity or uroselectivity of these drugs. Tamsulosin, an alpha(1a)-/alpha(1d)-subtype selective agent, had an index value approximately 10-fold greater than the nonselective drugs. Based on its pharmacokinetic profile and a relative uroselectivity 29-fold greater than the nonselective drugs, fiduxosin is expected to exhibit greater selectivity for urethral compared with vascular alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in human and should be a novel, long-acting, uroselective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist.     

老年人与青年人皮肤血流量比较研究

目的 判定增龄对皮肤血流量的影响。方法 用PIM2-LDPI检测皮肤血流量。结果 老年组前额、左手指背、命门穴部位皮肤血流量分别为:(1.94±0.86)V,(1.92±0.52)V和(0.71±0.19)V,与青年组比较差异无显著性。但是,老年男性在命门穴的皮肤血流量明显高于青年男性(P<0.05),老年女性前额的皮肤血流量明显降低(P<0.01)。男性比女性的皮肤血流量高。结论 皮肤血流量的差异无年龄相关性,男性组的皮肤血流量比女性组高。     

明党参鲜根与药材饮片中精油成分和氨基酸含量比较

对明党参鲜根和饮片中的精油及氨基酸成分进行了比较分析,鉴定出27种精油成分,并发现炮制前后氨基酸成分含量变化较大。     

Buccal mucosal graft for urethral reconstruction.

Urethral reconstruction with graft substances, such as skin and bladder mucosa, has been previously used when primary anastomosis cannot be achieved. However, stricture and meatal prolapse are associated with these grafts. We report the use of buccal mucosa for the reconstruction of urethral defects in 3 patients. One patient with failed operation for hypospadias received tube buccal mucosal graft for urethral replacement. Two patients with urethral necrosis and stricture received onlay buccal mucosal graft. All patients were disease-free during follow-up (range, 12 to 49 months; mean, 36 months). One patient had a pinhole fistula that was successfully managed with simple repair. This technique appears to be useful for urethral reconstruction when a local graft is not available, even in patients with complicated conditions.     

全雄激素阻断前后前列腺癌细胞中Bcl-2和Bcl-XL基因表达改变

全雄激素阻断是前列腺癌(PCa)治疗的重要手段。虽然已发现一些蛋白分子涉及雄激素的调节[1] ,但其分子机理尚不清楚。我们采用分子生物学方法检测人PCa全雄激素阻断前后Bcl 2和Bcl XL 蛋白的表达,探讨PCa发生发展的分子机理。材料与方法　4 2例局限性PCa患者。全雄激素阻断治疗采用抑那通或诺雷德皮下注射加口服Flutamide 3个月,然后患者接受PCa根治术。PCa标本分别经穿刺活检和根治术标本取得,10 %福尔马林固定后石蜡包埋,病理证实。Bcl 2和Bcl XL 蛋白单克隆抗体(1/ 2 0 0 )和试剂盒购于SantaCruzInc。显微镜下,细胞着色棕黄…