人Uroplakin Ⅱ启动子用于靶向性基因治疗膀胱癌的实验研究

目的探讨利用人UroplakinⅡ(hUPⅡ)启动子进行靶向性基因治疗膀胱癌的可能性。方法将hUPⅡ启动子和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)克隆到腺病毒载体Ad5中,构建重组体pAd-hUPⅡ-TNF。转染细胞293后产生复制缺陷型的重组腺病毒,感染膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87,检测TNF-α对BIU-87细胞体外生物学行为及体内成瘤性的影响。结果成功构建pAd-hUPⅡ-TNF重组腺病毒载体,转染细胞293获得复制缺陷型重组腺病毒。BIU-87细胞经重组腺病毒感染后可产生高浓度的TNF-α,并降低BIU-87的生长速度。感染腺病毒的BIU-87培养液可抑制L929细胞的生长。裸鼠原位膀胱肿瘤动物模型实验结果表明膀胱灌注重组腺病毒48h后,裸鼠尿液含高浓度的TNF-α,4周后腺病毒组膀胱重量和体积明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论hUPⅡ启动子TNF-α为治疗基因的重组腺病毒可特异性使膀胱癌细胞系BIU-87产生高浓度的TNF-α,并降低BIU-87和L929细胞的生长速度。重组腺病毒可使裸鼠尿内含高浓度的TNF-α,并可抑制裸鼠原位膀胱肿瘤动物模型膀胱癌细胞的成瘤性。     

Genetic linkage analysis of pulmonary fibrotic response to silica in mice.

Inter-individual variations in the development of silicosis, even within the same environments, have been reported, which suggest the contribution of genetic factors in silicosis aetiology. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is any significant genetic influence on the development of silicosis. Furthermore, which genetic loci are responsible for the pulmonary response to silica exposure? Eight strains of inbred mice were used to examine the genetic influence on the lung fibrotic response to silica exposure. After intercross-breeding between the most susceptible and most resistant strains, a genome-wide linkage analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) was performed. Hydroxyproline was applied as an index, and genotypes of 167 marker genes were analysed by fragment analysis using a capillary-type sequencer. There was significant inter-strain difference in the mean concentration of hydroxyproline contents among the eight strains of mice. Breeding studies were conducted between the most susceptible, C57BL/6J, and the most resistant strain, CBA/J. A genome-wide linkage analysis of silica-exposed intercrossed cohorts identified significant QTL on chromosome 4 and suggestive QTL on chromosomes 3 and 18. The present study demonstrates that genetic factors may play a significant role in fibrotic-lung responses to silica; one significant and two suggestive quantitative trait loci were identified.     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗椎间盘源性腰痛

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术（percutaneous laser disc decompression，PLDD）治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效。方法2002年6月～2004年12月我院对36例椎间盘源性腰痛，采用英国DIOMED公司半导体激光仪，激光功率15W，每个激光脉冲持续1s，间隔1s，照射能量800～1200J。VAS评分评价治疗效果。结果手术时间15～60min，平均30min。32例出现“疼痛复制效应”。36例随访6～36个月，平均11个月，32例有效（术后VAS评分改善≥3分18例，≥分14例），4例无效，有效率88．9％（32／36）。结论PLDD治疗椎间盘源性腰痛安全、有效、微创。     

Psychodramatische Supervision in der Sozialen Arbeit

Anliegen dieses Artikels ist, die besondere Qualit?t und Chance von Psychodramatischer Supervision zu beschreiben, und gleichzeitig die Kompatibilit?t und fruchtbare Erg?nzung des Moreno’schen Ansatzes innerhalb des Formats Supervision innerhalb der Sozialen Arbeit auf zuzeigen. Dies wird anhand von 2 ausgew?hlten Praxisbeispielen dargestellt. Die Handlungskompetenz von Supervisandinnen und Supervisanden kann durch einfache psychodramatische Interventionen erweitert werden. Handlungshemmung wird überwunden, Spontaneit?t und Kreativit?t kommen ins Laufen und er?ffnen Perspektiven.     

The expression of emotion through nonverbal behavior in medical visits

Relationship-centered care reflects both knowing and feeling: the knowledge that physician and patient bring from their respective domains of expertise, and the physician’s and patient’s experience, expression, and perception of emotions during the medical encounter. These processes are conveyed and reciprocated in the care process through verbal and nonverbal communication. We suggest that the emotional context of care is especially related to nonverbal communication and that emotion-related communication skills, including sending and receiving nonverbal messages and emotional self-awareness, are critical elements of high-quality care. Although nonverbal behavior has received far less study than other care processes, the current review argues that it holds significance for the therapeutic relationship and influences important outcomes including satisfaction, adherence, and clinical outcomes of care.     

护理本科生创造性思维培训

[目的]对护理本科生实施创造性思维训练,并评估该训练方案的有效性。[方法]对20名护理本科生实施为期3个月的创造性思维培训,并与24名不接受培训者进行对照。采用《创造性思维练习》量表对培训前后学生的创造性思维进行测定。[结果]培训后实验组较对照组的创造性思维总分及流畅性得分有显著提高(P<0.05);变通性和独创性得分无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]创造性思维培训对提高护理本科生创造性思维总体有效,其中对提高创造性思维的流畅性效果显著。     

匹格列酮激活过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体(PPAR-γ)提高伴有主要心血管危险因素的非糖尿病病人内皮依赖舒张功能

研究背景:伴有心血管危险因素的患者有内皮功能障碍,是导致动脉粥样硬化发病机制的关键因素之一, 在糖尿病患者中应用四氢噻唑产生了多种抗动脉粥样硬化的作用,本研究证实匹格列酮在伴有心血管危险因素的非糖尿病病人中提高内皮功能的假设。方法和结果:研究采用随机,双盲,安慰剂对照,交叉设计。入选80 名同时伴有高血压和高胆固醇血症的患者。胰岛素敏感性用定量胰岛素敏感检测指数(QUICK)评价。进一步将患者分为胰岛素敏感和胰岛素抵抗,在每个治疗阶段,患者每天服用匹格列酮45 mg或安慰剂共八周,在每8 周末,进行实验室检查。应用匹格列酮组血浆胰岛素水平显著下降,QUICK胰岛素敏感指数升高,HDL升高,甘油三酯、自由脂肪酸,和C-反应蛋白水平降低。匹格列酮治疗显著提高缓激肽的内皮依赖性舒张功能而不影响对硝普钠的反应。多变量分析显示:只有总胆固醇的变化预示匹格列酮提高内皮活性。结论:伴有心血管危险因素的非糖尿病病人中,匹格列酮治疗提高胰岛素敏感性,降低C-反应蛋白,提高内皮血管扩张功能。这些结果并不密切相关,提示匹格列酮对血管的有益作用独立于其对胰岛素敏感性和炎性的作用。