速度向量成像技术评价正常人左室舒张功能及其参考值范围

目的探讨应用速度向量成像技术(VVI)评价正常人的左室舒张功能并确定其正常参考值范围。方法结合超声、NT-BNP、临床症状等指标筛选健康人97名,使用西门子公司的Acuson Sequoia C512超声心动仪,采用VVI测量静息状态下左室二尖瓣环水平6个壁:室间隔、侧壁、前壁、下壁、前间隔、后壁的心肌舒张早期速度(E),脱机后进入VVI工作站操作界面采用盲法对图像进行VVI分析并计算平均值Em,测出E/Em,对正常人群的参考值范围给出参考界定。结果 97例正常人E/Em的参考值范围(单侧界限取95%界限)为(1,22.935);男性、女性E/Em参考值范围分别为(1,22.300)和(1,24.766);50岁以下男性、女性E/Em参考值范围分别为(1,22.413)和(1,24.314);50岁以上男性、女性E/Em参考值范围分别为(1,15.410)和(1,24.870)。结论 VVI作为一种新的超声技术,是无创性评价左室舒张功能的好方法,为临床准确评价左室舒张功能提供了一种可靠手段。     

Changes of the peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells in peritoneal dialysis patients and its impact factors

Objective To investigate the number and activities changes of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, and explore the connection between EPCs' number and the levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods Twenty-five CAPD patients and thirty healthy volunteers were involved. Total mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood of patients. EPCs were characterized as adherent cells by double staining of FITC-UEA-1 and DiL-AcLDL binding, and were further demonstrated by positive cells of CD34, CD133 and KDR using flow cytometry. The abilities of cell proliferation, adhesion and migration were further observed by fluorescent microscope. The correlations between the CEPCs' number and the levels of AGEs, Hcy andCRP were analyzed. Results The number and activities including migration and adhesion of EPCs in CAPD group were significantly lower than control group (P＜0.05). The levels of serum AGEs, Hcy and CRP in CAPD patients were increased (all P＜0.05) and had negative correlation with EPCs' number. Conclusions The number and activities of EPCs decrease in patients with CAPD, and EPCs' number is negatively correlated to the levels ofAGEs, Hcy and CRP.     

Associations of IL-27 Polymorphisms and Serum IL-27p28 Levels With Osteosarcoma Risk

Interleukin (IL)-27 is a novel cytokine secreted by stimulation of antigen-presenting cells. No previous studies currently reported the role of IL-27 in the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma. We aimed to investigate the association of IL-27 polymorphisms and serum IL-27p28 with osteosarcoma risk in a Chinese population.One hundred and sixty osteosarcoma patients and 250 health controls were selected. IL-27 gene -964 A/G, 2905 T/G, and 4730 T/C polymorphisms were determined by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect serum IL-27p28 levels.The serum IL-27p28 levels were significantly lower in osteosarcoma patients compared with those in controls (P < 0.01). Serum IL-27p28 levels in stages III–IV were lower than those in stages I–II of osteosarcoma (P < 0.05); similar results were also found in patients with metastasis, that is, patients with metastasis have higher IL-27p28 levels than those without metastasis (P < 0.05). There were no associations between genotype and allele frequencies of IL-27 -964 A/G, 2905 T/G, 4730 T/C, and the risk of osteosarcoma (P > 0.05). Stratification analysis also failed to show the associations between -964 A/G, 2905 T/G, and 4730 T/C polymorphisms and the clinical stage and metastasis of osteosarcoma (P > 0.05). Three possible haplotypes (A^-964T²⁹⁰⁵T⁴⁷³⁰, G^-964T²⁹⁰⁵T⁴⁷³⁰, and G^-964G²⁹⁰⁵C⁴⁷³⁰) were identified, but no associations were found between them and the osteosarcoma risk (P > 0.05).This study indicates that the lower serum IL-27p28 levels may be associated with development and progression of osteosarcoma, but IL-27 gene -964 A/G, 2905 T/G, and 4730 T/C polymorphisms and their haplotypes are not associated with osteosarcoma risk.     

Preoperative Evaluation and Endovascular Procedure of Intraoperative Aneurysm Rupture During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

Thoracic aortic aneurysms are now routinely repaired with endovascular repair if anatomically feasible because of advantages in safety and recovery. However, intraoperative aneurysm rupture is a severe complication which may have an adverse effect on the outcome of treatment. Comprehensive preoperative assessment and considerate treatment are keys to success of endovascular aneurysm repair, especially during unexpected circumstances. Few cases have reported on intraoperative aortic rupture, which were successfully managed by endovascular treatment. Here, we present a rare case of an intraoperative aneurysm rupture during endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm with narrow neck and angulated aorta arch (coarctation-associated aneurysm), which was successfully treated using double access route approach and iliac limbs of infrarenal devices. Level 5.     

复发性脑胶质瘤的显微手术切除探讨

目的探讨复发性胶质瘤的手术特点。方法统计26例复发性胶质瘤的临床资料、病理特点、显微技术及术中超声应用,分析其手术治疗效果。结果复发性胶质瘤再次手术全切除率较高,无死亡病例,术后病理分级大多数较第1次手术提高,多数患者术后能明显改善症状,延长寿命。结论患者的生存时间与首次术后复发时间、肿瘤复发后的病理分级、肿瘤生长部位及形态学特点、患者的年龄及身体状况有关,精确的手术结合术后放疗、化疗,可提高生存时间与生活质量,有效降低病死率与致残率。     

I125 irradiation stent for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: A meta-analysis

PurposeA meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and efficiency of I¹²⁵ irradiation stent placement for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).Materials and methodsThe Cochrane library, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang Data and CQVIP were systematically screened out from the earliest to December 2019. The qualities of all included studies were assessed. The primary endpoints were the 6-month, 12-month stent cumulative patency rate and 6-month, 12-month, 24-month overall survival rate while the secondary endpoints were the objective response rate of PVTT, main portal venous pressure changes and treatment-related adverse events. Our meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsTotally seven studies with 1018 patients were included in the final analysis, in which 602 patients received TACE and I¹²⁵ irradiation stent placement, and 416 patients in control group underwent TACE and stent placement without endovascular brachytherapy (EVBT). Meta-analysis showed that the I¹²⁵ irradiation stent improved the cumulative stent patency rates in 6 months [OR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.32–2.05), P < 0.001] and 12 months [OR = 2.55, 95% CI (1.90–3.42), P < 0.001] and the survival rates in 6 months [OR = 1.77, 95% CI (1.41–2.22), P < 0.001], 12 months [OR = 3.14, 95% CI (2.24–4.40), P < 0.001] and 24 months [OR = 7.39, 95% CI (3.55–15.41), P < 0.001]. However, there was no difference in the objective response rate of PVTT [OR = 1.13, 95% CI (0.87–1.48), P = 0.365], main portal venous pressure and the occurrence adverse event [OR = 0.88, CI = 0.72–1.08, P = 0.212] between two groups.ConclusionI¹²⁵ irradiation stent seems to be more effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis. The usage of portal vein stent combined endovascular brachytherapy has the potential to act as an alternative therapy for HCC with PVTT. On account of the limitation of studies included, more studies with high-level evidence, such as RCTs, are requisite to support the above promising results.     

Isolation and characterization of islet stellate cells in rat

The central role of PSCs in pancreatic fibrogenesis is well established. However, the mechanism responsible for the islet fibrosis presenting in the late stage of T2DM has not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to determine whether the endocrine pancreatic islets contain cells resembling PSCs. PSCs were isolated from pancreas using standard explants techniques. A similar method was used to acquire ISCs. Adherent ISCs with a stellate, angular morphology migrated from the edge of cultured islets within 48 h of primary culture. ISCs contained fewer lipid droplets than equivalent PSCs, and their rapid disappearance accompanied by the increased expression of α-SMA suggested that ISCs were more rapidly activated than PSCs in vitro. They expressed α-SMA, vimentin, GFAP and were positive for ECM components col-I, col-III and FN, all of which are characteristics of classical PSCs. However, ISCs differed from PSCs by having reduced rates of proliferation and migration in vitro. Our in vitro study shows that isolated islets contain a population of stellate cells which are phenotypically similar but not identical to PSCs. In view of the established role of PSCs in pancreatic fibrosis, we suggest that these may contribute to islet fibrosis in T2DM.     

癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测意义

目的：研究癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测意义。方法：采用端粒重复序列扩增－核酸杂交分析法检测癌性胸水细胞端粒酶活性，并将检测结果与细胞学诊断进行比较。结果：49例诊断明确的癌性胸水细胞样本中23例细胞学阳性胸水有20例端粒酶阳性，5例细胞学可疑胸水有4例端粒酶阳性，21例细胞学阴性有14例端粒酶阳性。细胞学诊断和端粒酶检测总阳性率分别为46．9％（23／49）和77．6％（38／49），二联合检测率为83．7％（41／49）。结论：胸水细胞端粒酶活性的检测有助于癌性胸水的诊断，弥补胸水细胞学诊断的不足。