我院抗骨质疏松药物应用情况分析

目的：通过对比分析我院抗骨质疏松（OP）药物在老年病门诊患者及全院的应用数据,为临床用药提供参考。方法：采用抗菌药物的用药频度（DDDs）、用药金额排序、限定日费用等药物经济学参数,对我院2010-2011年老年病门诊患者和全院抗OP药物处方进行回顾性分析。结果：与2010年比较,2011年抗OP药物总消费金额增长幅度（62.37%）远大于其他药品（7.90%）,双膦酸盐类药物和钙制剂临床用药量较为平稳,但所占份额均有所下降,维生素D及活性代谢物和降钙素类药物应用量增幅较为突出;老年病门诊患者抗OP用药消耗金额与DDDs数据同步性较好,患者治疗费用更合理,而全院消耗金额与DDDs数据同步性较差;全院及老年病门诊双膦酸盐类药物和活性维生素D类的DDDs及销售金额均最高;阿法骨化醇DDDs明显大于骨化三醇,患者长期应用过程中更具有药物经济学比较优势,有助于提高患者用药依从性。结论：抗OP药物的药物经济学分析和用药趋势调查,应针对临床实际,在进行相关疾病治疗药物分析时采集专业科室的数据更能反映其临床应用的合理性。     

Effect of ligustrazine on levels of amino acid neurotransmitters in rat striatum after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ligustrazine on levels of amino acid transmitters in the extracellular fluid of striatum following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. A microdialysis cannula guide was implanted into the right striatum. After recovery, animals underwent a sham operation or middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Those that developed cerebral ischemia after MCAO were randomized to receive propylene glycol salt water and ligustrazine respectively. Striatal fluid samples were collected from all animals at 15-min intervals after treatment and were subjected to HPLC analysis of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, taurine, and γ-amino butyric acid. Upon the last sample collection, animals were sacrificed and brain tissue specimens were collected for triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and NeuN staining. Compared with the sham operation, MCAO induced significant neurological deficits and increased striatal concentrations of the four neurotransmitters assessed in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Ligustrazine effectively attenuated the detrimental effects of MCAO on the brain. These observations suggest that ligustrazine as a novel cerebral infarction-protective agent may have potential clinical implications for I/R-related brain damage.     

综合医院立体交通设计研究——以浙江省台州恩泽医院为例

文章以台州恩泽医院为例,从地形地势、流线组织、交通衔接、无障碍设计、绿化景观等方面对医院立体交通设计进行详细分析,以期为医院立体交通设计提供一些借鉴和参考。     

不同性别人群免疫球蛋白G N-糖基化结构谱型比较

目的 对不同性别人群的免疫球蛋白G（IgG） N-糖基结构谱型进行分析比较。方法 采用整群抽样,以2012年1-6月在北京市宣武医院体检的669名居民为研究对象,留取空腹静脉血5 ml,对IgG N-糖基进行分离、纯化、标记后,采用超高压液相色谱串联质谱法对IgG N-糖基进行检测,最终得到24个色谱峰,每个峰代表不同的糖基结构。不同性别人群的糖基结构比较采用两独立样本t检验或非参数检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 669名参与者中男性235人（35.13%）,女性434人（64.87%）,平均年龄为（44.23±9.82）岁。女性核心岩藻糖基化水平Fⁿ（Z=-2.192,P=0.028）高于男性;女性半乳糖基化水平G0ⁿ（Z=-7.898,P<0.001）、G1ⁿ（Z=-2.343,P=0.019）低于男性,而G2ⁿ（Z=-8.414,P<0.001）水平高于男性;女性唾液酸化水平F^totalS1/F^totalS2（Z=-5.049,P<0.001）、FS1/FS2（Z=-3.336,P=0.001）高于男性。结论 IgG N-糖基结构水平可能与性别有关。     

Protective effect of resveratrol on arsenic trioxide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

BACKGROUD/OBEJECTIVES

Arsenic, which causes human carcinogenicity, is ubiquitous in the environment. This study was designed to evaluate modulation of arsenic induced cancer by resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in vegetal dietary sources that has antioxidant and chemopreventive properties, in arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃)-induced Male Wistar rats.

MATERIALS/METHODS

Adult rats received 3 mg/kg As₂O₃ (intravenous injection, iv.) on alternate days for 4 days. Resveratrol (8 mg/kg) was administered (iv.) 1 h before As₂O₃ treatment. The plasma and homogenization enzymes associated with oxidative stress of rat kidneys were measured, the kidneys were examined histologically and trace element contents were assessed.

RESULTS

Rats treated with As₂O₃ had significantly higher oxidative stress and kidney arsenic accumulation; however, pretreatment with resveratrol reversed these changes. In addition, prior to treatment with resveratrol resulted in lower blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and insignificant renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Furthermore, the presence of resveratrol preserved the selenium content (0.805 ± 0.059 µg/g) of kidneys in rats treated with As₂O₃. However, resveratrol had no effect on zinc level in the kidney relative to As₂O₃-treated groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data show that supplementation with resveratrol alleviated nephrotoxicity by improving antioxidant capacity and arsenic efflux. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to protect against kidney damage in populations exposed to arsenic.     

5%联苯菊酯水乳剂的气相色谱分析

目的建立5%联苯菊酯水乳剂的气相色谱分析方法。方法采用Elite-1701石英毛细管柱与FID检测器,以邻苯二甲酸二正戊酯为内标物,对联苯菊酯水乳剂进行气相定量分析。结果平均回收率为99.95%,标准偏差0.06,变异系数1.19%,线性相关系数为0.998 9。结论气相色谱分析具有快速、简便、精确度和准确度高、线性关系好的优点,是较理想的分析方法。     

Synthesis and bioactivity of aripiprazole derivatives

Ten aripirazole (CAS 129722-12-9) derivatives were prepared and examined for dopamine receptor antagonist activity. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by their elemental analyses and by IR, 1H-NMR and mass spectra. It was demonstrated that all the new compounds have dopamine receptor antagonist activity to a certain extent. Three compounds showed more potent activity than aripiprazole.     

Neuroprotection of nicotiflorin in permanent focal cerebral ischemia and in neuronal cultures

Nicotiflorin is a single component extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Flos Carthami. In this study, we investigated its neuroprotection in permanent focal cerebral ischemia model in rats, and in an in vitro model of ischemia. At doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, nicotiflorin administered immediately after the onset of ischemia markedly reduced brain infarct volume and neurological deficits. For primarily cultured neurons suffered 2 h hypoxia followed by 24 h reoxygenation, nicotiflorin significantly attenuated cell death and reduced LDH release. Morphological observation also directly confirmed its protective effect on neuron. These results provided strong pharmacological basis for its potential therapeutic role in cerebral ischemic illness.     

纳米氧化铝致ICR小鼠脑氧化应激水平的改变

目的 探讨纳米氧化铝颗粒致小鼠脑氧化应激损伤效应.方法 选取健康成年雄性ICR小鼠60只,按体重随机分为6组:空白对照组(未做任何处理,同等条件饲养)、溶剂对照组(每日鼻腔滴注生理盐水)、微米氧化铝组(给予100 mg/kg微米氧化铝)及纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组(分别为给予50、100、200mg/kg纳米氧化铝),每组10只.不同剂量的纳米氧化铝经鼻腔滴注染毒30 d.测定脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力.结果 与空白对照组[(17.32±6.23)U/gHb]相比,纳米氧化铝低剂量组小鼠脑组织中SOD活力[(17.89±1.82)U/gHb]有增加的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);纳米氧化铝中、高剂量组小鼠SOD活力[分别为(14.23±2.21)、(4.93±2.30)U/gHb]下降,但只有高剂量组的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与空白对照组[(0.24±0.09)nmol/ml]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织中MDA含量[分别为(0.76±0.13)、(1.00±0.30)、(1.16±0.39)nmol]ml]均明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).与空白对照组[(1.55±0.34)mg/gpro]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中、高剂量组小鼠脑组织中GSH含量[分别为(0.72±0.08)、(0.55±0.19)、(0.61±0.20)mg/gpro]均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).但各组小鼠GSH-Px活力间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与空白对照组[(5.79±0.96)U/mgpro]相比,纳米氧化铝低、中剂量组小鼠脑组织中CAT活力[分别为(10.40±3.84)、(10.40±2.00)U/mgpro]升高,高剂量组[(3.25±1.04)U/mgpro]CAT活力下降差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 纳米氧化铝可以导致ICR小鼠脑组织的氧化应激损伤.     

槐属植物生物碱衍生物施普睿达抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的:对槐属植物生物碱衍生物施普睿达体内抗肿瘤作用进行研究,并通过肝、脾、胸腺指数等多项指标综合考查施普睿达对荷瘤动物免疫机能的影响。方法:将昆明种小鼠移植宫颈癌U14、肉瘤S180和肝癌H22细胞后,腹腔注射施普睿达,观察施普睿达对实体瘤的抑瘤率。结果:施普睿达对3种移植瘤均有明显的抑制作用,最佳抑瘤率分别为U1474.3%、S18073.9%和H2279.3%,对小鼠的肝、脾指数和胸腺指数几乎无影响;而阳性对照药顺铂使小鼠的肝重、脾指数和胸腺指数明显下降。结论:施普睿达具有抑制S180、U14及H22等多种小鼠移植性肿瘤生长的作用,而且不影响荷瘤动物体重及免疫功能,属于低毒的抗肿瘤新药。