Rapid and Severe Idiopathic Aseptic Necrosis of the Contralateral Femoral Head after Unilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundOsteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a multifactorial disease, and agnogenic ONFH, otherwise known as idiopathic ONFH, is rare in clinic. Idiopathic ONFH that exhibits severe necrosis and progresses extremely rapidly is called rapidly destructive hip disease (RDHD). RDHD greatly affects patients but is rarely reported in clinical practice and literature.Case PresentationIn this study, a 64‐year‐old male patient with complete collapse and necrosis of the right femoral head complicated with severe bone destruction at 10 months after left total hip arthroplasty (THA) was reported. The period from the intact structure of the right femoral head to the first discovery of its complete collapse, according to imaging results, was 7 months. The duration from the occurrence of symptoms in the right hip joint to the first discovery of complete collapse and necrosis of the femoral head was only 5 months. At present, the cause has not been determined based on medical history, symptoms, signs, imaging evaluation results, laboratory examination results, and pathological examination results, though it has been identified as severe idiopathic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head with rapid progression, or RDHD. Finally, right THA was performed, and a good outcome was observed in the patient at present.ConclusionsAs a rare hip joint disease, RDHD greatly influences the normal life of patients. RDHD of the contralateral side after unilateral THA is even scarcer. Left THA may be one of the important factors accelerating the necrosis of the right femoral head. Hopefully, with this case report, more attention will be paid to the contralateral hip joint in patients undergoing unilateral THA by clinicians and rehabilitation physicians, and a clinical reference will be provided for the research on RDHD.     

异补骨脂素对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞增殖分化成熟的影响

目的:研究异补骨脂素(Isopsoralen,IP)对体外培养大鼠颅骨成骨细胞(rat calvarial osteoblasts,ROB)增殖与分化成熟的影响。方法:取新生SD大鼠颅骨,多次酶消化法获得成骨细胞,培养于含10%FBS的MEM培养液中,3 d后首次换液,铺满90%皿底后传代培养;增殖分析采用96孔板,加入在培养液中终浓度分别为1×10-4、1×10-5、1×10-6、1×10-7mol/L的异补骨脂素,MTT法分析;分化分析采用24孔板,于成骨性诱导培养第3、6、9、12、15天分别测碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline Phosphatase,ALP)活性、钙含量、骨钙素,第12天进行ALP组织化学染色,第14天进行茜素红染色和钙化结节计数。结果:终浓度为1×10-4mol/L的异补骨脂素对细胞增殖有抑制作用,而1×10-5mol/L浓度虽对ROB增殖无明显影响,但能显著提高细胞ALP活性、增加钙含量、促进骨钙素分泌,并增加钙化结节数量。结论1×10-5mol/L异补骨脂素能促进ROB分化成熟,应为中药补骨脂抗骨质疏松的有效成分。     

非穿透性小梁手术超声生物显微镜检查

目的：应用超声生物显微镜（ＵＢＭ）检查技术,探讨非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入手术区域解剖特点和房水引汉机制。方法：对１４例１６只眼行非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入的患者,在术后１～３个月内进行手术区域ＵＢＭ检查。检查的指标（项目）包括：巩膜瓣下形成液间腔的大小（宽和高）、透明质酸钠生物胶吸收的情况、剩余角膜小梁膜的厚度以及滤过泡的形态,并对结果进行分析。结果：１６只眼术前平均     

子宫内膜异位症患者γδT细胞及NK细胞的功能分析

目的 :分析子宫内膜异位症患者中γδT细胞和天然杀伤 (NK)细胞功能的变化 ,并探讨患者腹腔液对正常人γδT细胞和NK细胞功能的影响。方法 :采用免疫荧光细胞检测及细胞毒活性检测法分析 2 2例子宫内膜异位症患者外周血、腹腔液中的γδT细胞及NK细胞的表型与功能。结果 :子宫内膜异位症 (疾病组 )患者外周血、腹腔液中CD56+细胞与正常对照组无明显差异 ,而疾病组腹腔液中γδ+T细胞分别高于外周血和正常对照组。疾病组腹腔液中的γδT细胞及NK细胞的功能低于外周血及正常对照组。疾病组的腹腔液对正常人外周血γδT细胞及NK细胞的功能具有负相调节作用。结论 :子宫内膜异位症患者的γδT细胞及NK细胞的功能低下 ,处于被抑制状态 ,提示子宫内膜异位症患者的腹腔中存在γδT细胞及NK细胞功能的抑制因子。     

MMP-2、TIMP-2、Ki-67在库肯勃氏瘤中的表达及意义

目的 :探讨MMP 2、TIMP 2、Ki 67表达与库肯勃氏瘤病理生物学行为的关系。方法 :采用免疫组化SP法对 32例库肯勃氏瘤组织和 10例正常卵巢组织进行MMP 2、TIMP 2和Ki 67表达的检测。结果 :MMP 2、TIMP 2、Ki 67在库肯勃氏瘤组织中的表达量显著高于正常卵巢组织 (P <0 .0 1)。有合并转移的库肯勃氏瘤中MMP 2、Ki 67高于无合并转移者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,TIMP 2低于无合并转移者 (P <0 .0 5 )。MMP 2、Ki 67与术后生存时间呈负相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,TIMP 2与术后生存时间呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :MMP 2、TIMP 2、Ki 67在库肯勃氏瘤发生、发展中起重要作用 ,可作为判断卵巢转移癌恶性程度、临床分期和评估预后的临床参考指标     

重组瑞替普酶对犬冠脉血栓的溶栓作用研究

目的 评价溶栓新药注射用瑞替普酶的溶栓活性。方法 采用麻醉开胸犬电刺激冠脉左旋支引起的冠脉血栓形成模型,并与国外同类产品reteplase进行比较　结果 犬静脉给予注射用瑞替普酶20.0×104、10.0×104、50×104IU/kg对冠脉血栓产生显著的溶栓效果,栓塞冠脉血管很快出现再通,残存血栓较溶剂对照组分别减少了73.5％、38.0％、25.3％;心肌梗死范围明显缩小,与等剂量(10.0×104IU/kg)reteplas溶栓(62.2％)作用相似。结论瑞替普酶溶栓作用肯定,与国外同类产品溶栓作用相似。     

EGFR mutation types and abundance were associated with the overall survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients receiving first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors

BackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are currently recognized as the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. Clinically found patients with different EGFR mutational status have different prognosis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed to explore the relationship between EGFR mutations and abundance with patient survival by using patient data from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2013 and November 2016. All patients involved in the present study had sensitive EGFR mutations [either exon 19 deletion (DEL) or exon 21 L858R] and treated by EGFR-TKIs. They were followed up every three months until lost or dead. Mutation abundance was calculated as the copies of EGFR mutation divided by copies of EGFR locus, and the cut-off values for 19DEL and L858R were 4.9% and 9.5%, respectively.ResultsTotal of 236 patients were included, comprising 116 (49.2%) patients with 19DEL mutation and 120 (50.8%) patients with L858R mutation. The median follow-up duration was 23.2 months (95% CI: 14.9–26.7 months). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients with 19DEL mutation (20.9 months, 95% CI: 17.7–24.1 months versus 17.0 months, 95% CI: 14.4–19.6 months in patients with L858R; P=0.008) and in patients with high mutation abundance (20.9 months, 95% CI: 18.3–23.5 months versus 13.0 months, 95% CI: 10.3–15.7 months in patients with low mutation abundance; P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression including age, performance status and tumor stage revealed that longer OS was independently associated with 19DEL mutation (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67, P=0.033) and high mutation abundance (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.79, P=0.027).ConclusionsEGFR mutation types and abundance was associated with the patients’ survival which might be used to predict the efficacy of targeted therapy by EGFR-TKIs.     

Comparison of the safety and prognosis of sequential regorafenib after sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment failure in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThere is lack of studies on sequential regorafenib after sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment failure in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was to explore the safety and prognosis of sequential regorafenib after sorafenib and lenvatinib failure in HCC patients.MethodsThis study was a retrospective, real-world study that included 50 HCC patients who received sequential regrafinib after sorafenib and lenvatinib failure. The safety and prognosis of two groups were compared.ResultsThe incidence of all grade and III/IV adverse events were 68% and 24%. According to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) 1.1 and modified (m) RECIST standards, the objective response rates (ORRs) after receiving regorafenib were 14.0% and 22.0%, respectively. The disease control rates (DCRs) were 62.0% and 60.0%, respectively. Based on different first-line targeted drugs, 50 patients were divided into sorafenib (n=22) and lenvatinib group (n=28). There was no differences between two groups except age and bilirubin. And there was no differences in other treatments before or after regorafenib. The baseline between two groups was basically same and had good comparability. There was no difference in incidence of all grade and III/IV adverse events, ORR and DCR between two groups (P>0.05). On long-term prognosis, total overall survival (TOS) in sorafenib and lenvatinib group were 23.0 (95% CI: 15.1–30.9) vs. 29.7 (95% CI: 21.4–38.1) months. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.041). Besides, regorafenib overall survival (ROS) in sorafenib and lenvatinib group were 11.7 (95% CI: 7.1–16.3) vs. 15.9 (95% CI: 8.3–23.5) months. The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.045). The regorafenib progression-free survival (RPFS) was 5.6 (95% CI: 1.9–9.2) vs. 8.0 (95% CI: 5.1–10.9) months in sorafenib and lenvatinib group, respectively, and difference was not statistically significant (P=0.380).ConclusionsRegorafenib is an effective drug for second-line treatment of HCC, with fewer severe adverse events, ORR and DCR was 14–22% and 62–60%, respectively. Both TOS and ROS in lenvatinib group were better than those in sorafenib group. For HCC patients whose first-line targeted drug is lenvatinib, it is safe and effective to accept regorafenib after disease progresses.     

CONSORT-Characteristics and metabolic phenotype of gut microbiota in NAFLD patients

Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have symptoms of a gut microbiota disorder with abnormal amino acid and glycolipid metabolism. This study was designed to analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with NAFLD, predict the gut microbiota phenotype, explore its role in the diagnosis of NAFLD, and establish its significance in disease progression.The characteristics of the gut microbiota in NAFLD patients (n = 28, 45.8 ± 14.2 years, male/female = 18/10) and healthy subjects (n = 20, 49.6 ± 4.8 years, male/female = 14/6) during March–May 2020 were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology and the phenotypes with large differences were predicted using the Tax4Fun method. The metabolites in the fecal samples of the patients were analyzed using mass spectrometry, and their correlation with different microorganisms was examined. The accuracy of the gut microbiota in diagnosing NAFLD was investigated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.We found that the microbial diversity and Bacteroides/Firmicutes (BF) ratio changed significantly (P < .05) in the feces of NAFLD patients. Phenotypic prediction showed that there were significant differences in the phenotypes of amino acid, glucose, and lipid metabolism of gut microbiota in the NAFLD group (P < .05). receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that combination of Bacteroides and the BF ratio resulted in 88% and 100% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, when used for NAFLD diagnosis. Metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis revealed changes in the metabolism of nicotinate, nicotinamide, and pyrimidine; signaling pathways of calcium and oxytocin; pancreatic secretion with metabolites such as uracil, xanthine, and biliverdin; and enzymes such as xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase (P < .05).Therefore, the phenotypic changes may be a potential marker for NAFLD and we considered that a combined analysis of Bacteroides and BF ratio had good diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD.