Preparation of Indapamide slow-release pellets

During the process of developing a slow-release formulation of indapamide, researchers created a drug-containing pellet coated with Eudragit RS100 (Rohm GMbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt, Germany) to control the rate at which the drug was released. The two main variables were the agglomerants used in the pellet preparation and the amount of Eudragit RS100 used to coat them. The optimal outcome was indicated by the greatest number of drug-containing pellets recovered through an 18- to 24-mesh sieve and a satisfactory 24-hour release curve. The kinetics of dissolution fit the Higuchi kinetics model. Stability tests of the drug pellets showed no notable changes in the rate of drug release, related substances (mean byproducts or impurities from interactions or decompositions), and drug content.     

青娥丸质量控制的实验研究

采用薄层色谱法对青娥丸进行定性研究,并采用薄层扫描法测定其补骨脂素和异补骨脂系的含量。     

Grb2 functions at the top of the T-cell antigen receptor–induced tyrosine kinase cascade to control thymic selection

Grb2 is an adaptor molecule that mediates Ras-MAPK activation induced by various receptors. Here we show that conditional ablation of Grb2 in thymocytes severely impairs both thymic positive and negative selections. Strikingly, the mutation attenuates T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) proximal signaling, including tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple signaling proteins and Ca²⁺ influx. The defective TCR signaling can be attributed to a marked impairment in Lck activation. Ectopic expression of a mutant Grb2 composed of the central SH2 and the C-terminal SH3 domains in Grb2^−/− thymocytes fully restores thymocyte development. Thus, Grb2 plays a pivotal role in both thymic positive and negative selection. It amplifies TCR signaling at the top end of the tyrosine phosphorylation cascade via a scaffolding function.     

Enhanced expression of annexin II in human pancreatic carcinoma cells and primary pancreatic cancers

Annexin II is a calcium and phospholipid binding protein anda substrate for protein-tyrosine kinases. Recent investigationshave revealed involvement of annexin II in DNA synthesis andcell proliferation. Increased levels of annexin II are observedin cancer cells and tissues. To investigate the expression ofannexin II in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and primary tumors,we measured the levels of annexin II mRNA and protein in normalhuman pancreas, five established human pancreatic adenocarcinomacell lines, three primary pancreatic cancers and one metastatictumor. All five cell lines examined had 5- to 15-fold higherlevels of annexin II as compared to normal pancreas. Significantelevations (2-to 8-fold) of annexin II expression were observedin the three primary pancreatic tumors and one metastatic tumorexamined. Immunocytochemical analysis indicates that the increasedexpression of annexin II is limited to proliferating ductularadenocarcinoma, and annexin II expression co-localizes withcells that express PCNA. In normal pancreas, annexin II expressionis seen in ductal and ductular cells and no expression is seenin acinar or islet cells. We conclude from these findings thatannexin II has a role in cell proliferation and its regulationis altered in pancreatic cancer.     

肌电生物反馈和松弛训练治疗原发性高血压的研究

本文对56例高血压病患者进行了行为治疗与药物治疗结合的对照研究,检验肌电生物反馈和松弛训练对高血压病的治疗效果和意义.肌电生物反馈和松弛训练在和药物共同应用时具有相加效应,产生的降压作用比较缓和,对收缩压的效应先于舒张压.它对于雏持已降低的血压也具有重要的意义.患者治疗前的尿17羟、17酮水平和焦虑指数与舒张压的下降呈负相关,这对于预测和判断疗效可能具有一定的参考价值.