非穿透性小梁手术超声生物显微镜检查

目的：应用超声生物显微镜（ＵＢＭ）检查技术,探讨非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入手术区域解剖特点和房水引汉机制。方法：对１４例１６只眼行非穿透性小梁手术联合透明质酸钠生物胶植入的患者,在术后１～３个月内进行手术区域ＵＢＭ检查。检查的指标（项目）包括：巩膜瓣下形成液间腔的大小（宽和高）、透明质酸钠生物胶吸收的情况、剩余角膜小梁膜的厚度以及滤过泡的形态,并对结果进行分析。结果：１６只眼术前平均     

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms and uterine leiomyoma risk in Chinese women

Purpose  The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 polymorphisms with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women. Methods  We investigated 100 women with clinically diagnosed uterine leiomyoma and 110 healthy normal subjects from Chinese women. The genetic distribution of two CYP1A1 polymorphisms at MspI, Ile462Val and four CYP1B1 polymorphisms at Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, Asp449Asp were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing method. Results  All the SNPs showed polymorphisms in Chinese women. The genotype A/G and the allele G on Ile462Val was significantly different between uterine leiomyoma patients and controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion  These results suggest that the genotype of CYP1A1 Ile462Val was associated with the increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in Chinese women. Capsule This is the first report that demonstrates the polymorphism at Ile462Val of CYP1A1 to be associated with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese women.     

尿钙及尿微量白蛋白检测在妊高征早期诊断中的临床意义

目的　评价尿钙及尿微量白蛋白检测在妊高征早期诊断中的临床意义。方法　收集９８ 例孕２４～３２ 周健康孕妇的２４ 小时尿样,采用自动生化仪测定尿钙排泄量,放射免疫法测定尿微量白蛋白的排泄量,按最终是否发生妊高征分成妊高征组（１４ 例） 和正常妊娠组（８４ 例） 。结果　妊高征组尿钙排泄量为（１－４３±０－３７） ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ ,正常妊娠组为（３－２６±０－７５） ｍｍｏｌ／２４ｈ,妊高征组尿钙排泄量显著低于正常妊娠组（ Ｐ＜ ０－００５） 。妊高征组尿微量白蛋白排泄量为（１２－６８ ±６－８１） μｇ／２４ｈ ,正常妊娠组为（６－０８±３－４８） μｇ／２４ｈ,妊高征组尿微量白蛋白排泄量显著高于正常妊娠组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５）。结论　在妊高征临床症状出现４～８ 周之前,即出现尿钙排泄量减少及尿微量白蛋白排泄量增多。这一特征可作为妊高征早期诊断的指标。     

杀虫畏对雄性大鼠肝微粒体酶的诱导及动力学性质的研究

杀虫畏对肝微粒体酶呈现明显诱导作用。对诱导生成的酶的动力学性质进行研究证明,诱导生成组和对照组的苯胺羟化酶,其米氏常数(km)和抑制常数(ki)极相近似;微粒体酶抑制剂SKF525-A对两组酶均呈现非竞争性抑制作用。因此,可以认为两组酶具有相同的动力学性质。     

透皮淋巴靶向长春新碱传递体

长春新碱(vincristine,VCR)临床主要用于治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病、何杰金及非何杰金淋巴瘤，疗效确切，但由于具有较大的神经系统毒性和局部刺激性，限制了其在临床上的应用。为增加VCR的淋巴靶向性，以增强疗效，降低其毒副作用，采用薄膜-超声分散法制备长春新碱传递体(VCR-T)，并考察其制剂学性质、药代动力学特征及靶向性。所制备的VCR-T平均粒径为63 nm，包封率为59%；改良Franz扩散池研究发现其体外透皮过程符合多项式方程，12 h累积透皮百分率为67.4%；HPLC法测定VCR在大鼠体内的药代动力学及组织分布，以VCR注射液为对照，VCR-T使VCR在血液中滞留时间延长了12倍，大鼠淋巴中靶向指数增加了2.75倍。传递体可良好地载带VCR透过皮肤进入体循环，具有较好的淋巴靶向性，可作为新型的淋巴靶向给药系统。     

尼莫地平对神经元退行性变模型小鼠脑组织中铁离子的影响研究

目的:探讨尼莫地平对神经元退行性变模型小鼠脑组织中铁离子的影响。方法:取小鼠随机分为假手术组(生理盐水)、模型组(生理盐水)和尼莫地平高、中、低(80、40、20mg.kg-1)剂量组,每组35只,后4组脑室内注射0.25氯化铝2μL,每天1次,连续5d,建立神经元退行性变小鼠模型,假手术组注射等体积人工脑脊液;5d后各组灌胃给予相应药物,每天2次,连续30d,末次灌胃24h后观察其脑组织的病理学变化,考察海马组织中丙二醛(MDA)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)蛋白、铝离子和铁离子水平变化。结果:与模型组比较,尼莫地平高剂量组神经元损伤明显减轻,其中MDA、HO-1蛋白和铁离子水平明显降低(P<0.05);其余指标及尼莫地平中、低剂量组各项指标均无明显变化。结论:尼莫地平可能通过抑制HO-1蛋白表达维持铁离子代谢平衡,发挥缓解神经元退行性变的作用。     

脐血CD34+细胞向巨核系定向扩增的初步探讨

目的探讨不同细胞因子组合定向诱导CD34 细胞向巨核系分化的能力。方法利用免疫磁珠法(MACS)分离纯化脐血CD34 细胞,在无血清培养体系中以1×105/ml每孔接种,经不同细胞因子组合诱导培养。结果收集5份脐血标本,平均体积为95ml,CD34 细胞的比例为2.18%±0.89%,经过MACS分选后,CD34 细胞纯度平均可达81.55%。在细胞生长因子的刺激培养下,MK3组有核细胞数,CD34 细胞数,CD41a 细胞数在培养第16天分别达277.4倍、6.89倍、66.79倍,高于其它各组。结论脐血CD34 细胞体外在相关细胞生长因子的刺激下可向巨核细胞系定向分化。     

驻景丸加减方对形觉剥夺性近视小鼠视网膜自噬的影响

目的:探讨驻景丸加减方对形觉剥夺性近视小鼠视网膜自噬的影响。方法:C57BL/6小鼠30只随机分为阴性对照组、近视模型组以及中药干预组,每组10只。除了阴性对照组外,近视模型组、中药干预组小鼠均使用半透明EP管遮盖右眼制成形觉剥夺性近视(FDM)模型;中药干预组灌胃驻景丸加减方混悬液0.546g/(kg·d)(0.15mL/d),阴性对照组、近视模型组灌胃等量生理盐水(0.15mL/d),共4wk。分别于实验开始、实验结束,使用带状检影镜测量小鼠右眼屈光度,A超测量小鼠右眼眼轴长度。实验结束时,取所有小鼠右眼进行检测,免疫荧光法定位和检测视网膜小胶质细胞标志物(Iba1)活性与迁移;透射电镜观察视网膜色素上皮细胞中自噬小体形成情况;Western Blot、实时荧光定量PCR(q-PCR)检测视网膜组织自噬标志物LC3Ⅱ和p62蛋白定量及基因表达情况。结果:实验结束时小鼠右眼屈光度示,近视模型组、中药干预组形成相对近视,近视模型组、中药干预组较阴性对照组显著降低(均P<0.01)。实验结束时,近视模型组、中药干预组眼轴长度较阴性对照组眼轴长度显著增加(P<0.01)。免疫荧...     

EGFR mutation types and abundance were associated with the overall survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients receiving first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors

BackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are currently recognized as the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. Clinically found patients with different EGFR mutational status have different prognosis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed to explore the relationship between EGFR mutations and abundance with patient survival by using patient data from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2013 and November 2016. All patients involved in the present study had sensitive EGFR mutations [either exon 19 deletion (DEL) or exon 21 L858R] and treated by EGFR-TKIs. They were followed up every three months until lost or dead. Mutation abundance was calculated as the copies of EGFR mutation divided by copies of EGFR locus, and the cut-off values for 19DEL and L858R were 4.9% and 9.5%, respectively.ResultsTotal of 236 patients were included, comprising 116 (49.2%) patients with 19DEL mutation and 120 (50.8%) patients with L858R mutation. The median follow-up duration was 23.2 months (95% CI: 14.9–26.7 months). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients with 19DEL mutation (20.9 months, 95% CI: 17.7–24.1 months versus 17.0 months, 95% CI: 14.4–19.6 months in patients with L858R; P=0.008) and in patients with high mutation abundance (20.9 months, 95% CI: 18.3–23.5 months versus 13.0 months, 95% CI: 10.3–15.7 months in patients with low mutation abundance; P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression including age, performance status and tumor stage revealed that longer OS was independently associated with 19DEL mutation (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67, P=0.033) and high mutation abundance (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.79, P=0.027).ConclusionsEGFR mutation types and abundance was associated with the patients’ survival which might be used to predict the efficacy of targeted therapy by EGFR-TKIs.     

瘫康Ⅱ号合剂的质量标准研究

目的:对瘫康Ⅱ号合剂的质量标准进行研究。方法:采用薄层色谱法对主药熟地黄、牡丹皮进行定性鉴别,并采用薄层色谱法对毒性药材附子进行限量检查。结果:主药薄层色谱定性鉴别特征性强,重现性好。限量检查方法简便易行。结论:瘫康Ⅱ号合剂质量标准稳定,操作方法简单,结果准确可靠,可作为该品种的内控标准。