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101.
We reported a case of 64 year-old female patient of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with ARDS during corticosteroid treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. On admission her chief complaints were fever, fatigue and dyspnea. A chest roentgenogram showed diffuse alveolar infiltration consistent with pulmonary edema. Arterial blood gas studies showed severe hypoxemia. We clinically diagnosed so-called ARDS. Smears of sputum for acid fast bacilli were negative, but transbronchial lung brushing by bronchofiberscope revealed many acid fast bacilli. Intensive therapy with anti-tuberculosis drugs (INH, RFP, SM), high dose corticosteroid (methylprednisolone) therapy and mechanical ventilation was started. During the following 2 weeks, the PaO2 rose gradually and the alveolar infiltration on the chest roentgenogram disappeared. The experience of this case to emphasized the importance of suspecting this condition because pulmonary tuberculosis is a potentially curable cause of ARDS and it should also be emphasized that the good treatment effect could be expected with combined use of high dose corticosteroid and mechanical ventilation.  相似文献   
102.
A 19-year-old young man was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever and general fatigue. There were infiltrative shadows and pleural effusions in the both lung fields. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was diagnosed because of the elevation of mycoplasma antibody titers in the serum and pleural fluid. There was no recovery in clinical symptoms in spite of the administration of the EM (1200 mg) and CLDM (1200 mg) combination chemotherapy. Three week after admission, a cavity-like shadow appeared in the lt. middle lung field on the chest X-ray film, suprative arthritis and penicillin resistant S. aureus by blood culture test were found. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection followed by S. aureus bacteremia was diagnosed. After the administration of antibiotics (CTT, FMOX) the clinical symptoms and laboratory findings improved 2 month after admission. Clinical and basic studies about the dual infection between M. pneumoniae and several bacteria were discussed.  相似文献   
103.
We report the finding of clonal structural chromosome abnormalities in short-term cultures from 15 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region. When the distribution of chromosomal breakpoints in these 15 tumors and in the 16 head and neck carcinomas previously described are assessed, a marked clustering is seen at bands 1p22 and 11q13, which are rearranged in eight and nine tumors, respectively. No other band was involved in aberrations in more than five tumors. Cytogenetic evidence of gene amplification was seen in four tumors, three times in the form of homogeneously staining regions (twice located in 11q13), and in one tumor as double minutes. Among the candidate genes for such amplification are BCLI, INT2, and HSTI, all of which map to 11q13, and NRAS, which maps to 1p22. All these oncogenes have previously been shown to be amplified in subsets of head and neck carcinomas. We conclude that bands 1p22 and 11q13 are nonrandomly involved in chromosomal rearrangements in head and neck carcinomas and suggest that activation of oncogenes located in these bands may proceed via cytogenetic mechanisms.  相似文献   
104.
This report describes an anomalous case of the multiple ipsilateral common trunk formation in the parietal arteries encountered during observed in the dissection of a 71 year-old Japanese female cadaver in the anatomical laboratory of Kanazawa Medical University. This subject had thirteen parietal arteries. Among the thirteen parietal arteries two arose from both the subclavian arteries (superior intercostal artery), and eleven arose from the descending aorta (aortic parietal arteries). Five arteries (R-1-R-5) were located on the right side, and eight (L-1-L-8) on the left. Of the eleven aortic parietal arteries, nine formed the ipsilateral common trunk, and the other two were independent branches (left 11th intercostal and 2nd lumbar arteries). The branching states of these parietal arteries were as follows: on the right side, R-1 was the common trunk for the 1st and 2nd intercostal arteries (the right superior intercostal artery), R-2 (was the common trunk) for the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th intercostal arteries, R-3 for the 8th and 9th intercostal arteries, R-4 for the 10th and 11th intercostal arteries and R-5 for the subcostal, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th lumbar arteries. On the left side, L-1 was the common trunk for the 1st and 2nd intercostal arteries (the left superior intercostal artery), L-2 for the 3rd, 4th and 5th intercostal arteries, L-3 for the 6th and 7th intercostal arteries, L-4 for the 8th, 9th and 10th intercostal arteries, L-6 for the subcostal and 1st lumbar arteries, and L-8 for the 3rd and 4th lumbar arteries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   
105.
Background Traditionally, dermatophytosis, a common disease affecting millions of people world‐wide, has been diagnosed by direct microscopy and fungal culture. The immunochromatography (ICG) strip test was recently developed. Methods We compared the performance of the ICG strip test for the detection of dermatophytes in samples from human skin and nails with direct microscopy. The 160 samples, consisting of 88 skin and 72 nail specimens, were subjected to direct microscopy study using a 20% KOH solution and to examination with the ICG strip test. Of 160 samples, 18 were examined by fungal culture using Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. Results We found that the overall sensitivity and specificity of the ICG test were 83.5% and 66.7%; they were 82.1% and 76.2% for the 88 skin and 85.4% and 58.3% for the 72 nail specimens, respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the efficacy of the ICG test is comparable to direct microscopy for the detection of dermatophytes. Performance of the assay was easy, and results were available quickly. We suggest that it is an effective tool for dermatophytosis screening.  相似文献   
106.
The effects of LED therapy at 940 nm on periodontal healing, inflammatory cell infiltration, and root resorption were analyzed in an experimental model of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were allocated into four experimental groups: Control animals (Co, n?=?5), Controls + LED therapy (CoLED, n?=?6), animals submitted to orthodontic force (RR, n?=?7) and submitted to orthodontic force + LED therapy (RRLED, n?=?7). All procedures were approved by the Committee for Ethics in Animal Experimentation of the Universidade Estadual de Londrina (protocol CEEA 5/2010 37359). A force of 50 g was applied to the right upper molars of RR and RRLED groups. On days 2, 3, and 4 after orthodontic treatment, the CoLED and RRLED groups received LED irradiation (940 nm, 4 J/cm2). The animals were killed on day 7 for histological analysis. An increased number of root resorption lacunae was found only in the RR group (p?<?0.05). The RR group also presented more osteoclasts (p?<?0.005) and inflammatory cell infiltration (p?<?0.005) than the control group. The RRLED group presented fewer osteoclasts (p?<?0.005) and inflammatory cells (p?<?0.005) in the periodontal ligament than the RR group. The CoLED and RRLED groups presented more periodontal fibroblasts (p?<?0.005) than non-irradiated groups. RRLED presented more blood vessels (p?<?0.01) in the periodontal ligament than the RR group. In conclusion, the results suggest that LED therapy improved periodontal tissue repair and decreased inflammation and root resorption after the application of orthodontic force.  相似文献   
107.

Objective

Recently, a benzofuran derivative for the imaging of β-amyloid plaques, 5-(5-(2-(2-(2-18F-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)benzofuran-2-yl)- N-methylpyridin-2-amine (18F-FPYBF-2) has been validated as a tracer for amyloid imaging and it was found that 18F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT is a useful and reliable diagnostic tool for the evaluation of AD (Higashi et al. Ann Nucl Med,  https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-1236-1, 2018). The aim of this study was to assess the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of diagnostic dosages of 18F-FPYBF-2 in normal healthy volunteers as a first-in-man study.

Methods

Four normal healthy volunteers (male: 3, female: 1; mean age: 40?±?17; age range 25–56) were included and underwent 18F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT study for the evaluation of radiation exposure and pharmacokinetics. A 10-min dynamic PET/CT scan of the body (chest and abdomen) was performed at 0–10 min and a 15-min whole-body static scan was performed six times after the injection of 18F-FPYBF-2. After reconstructing PET and CT image data, individual organ time–activity curves were estimated by fitting volume of interest data from the dynamic scan and whole-body scans. The OLINDA/EXM version 2.0 software was used to determine the whole-body effective doses.

Results

Dynamic PET imaging demonstrated that the hepatobiliary and renal systems were the principal pathways of clearance of 18F-FPYBF-2. High uptake in the liver and the gall bladder, the stomach, and the kidneys were demonstrated, followed by the intestines and the urinary bladder. The ED for the adult dosimetric model was estimated to be 8.48?±?1.25 µSv/MBq. The higher absorbed doses were estimated for the liver (28.98?±?12.49 and 36.21?±?15.64 µGy/MBq), the brain (20.93?±?4.56 and 23.05?±?5.03µ Gy/MBq), the osteogenic cells (9.67?±?1.67 and 10.29?±?1.70 µGy/MBq), the small intestines (9.12?±?2.61 and 11.12?±?3.15 µGy/MBq), and the kidneys (7.81?±?2.62 and 8.71?±?2.90 µGy/MBq) for male and female, respectively.

Conclusions

The ED for the adult dosimetric model was similar to those of other agents used for amyloid PET imaging. The diagnostic dosage of 185–370 MBq of 18F-FPYBF-2 was considered to be acceptable for administration in patients as a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of AD.
  相似文献   
108.
Our aim was to evaluate the early effect of local irradiation on normal bone marrow glucose metabolism in rodents, assessed by FDG biodistribution measured by tissue excision and gamma counting. METHODS: Sixty-one rats were divided into nine groups (n = 4-11 per group). Eight groups of rats received either local irradiation (10 Gy) or sham irradiation to the right femur on day 0. Irradiation was performed using a 60Co gamma-ray unit under anesthesia. Each group of rats was fasted overnight and then injected with 5.5-7.4 MBq FDG on day 1, 9, 18, or 30 after the local or sham irradiation. A control group of rats that received neither local nor sham irradiation was studied with FDG on day 0. 18F activity in tissue 1 h after injection was measured using a gamma counter. Smear specimens of bone marrow from bilateral femurs were examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: Tracer uptake was relatively stable in marrow from the sham-irradiated rats. By contrast, FDG uptake of the irradiated marrow on day 1 was significantly higher (mean +/- SD, 0.257 +/- 0.036 percentage injected dose [ID] per gram of tissue per kilogram of rat weight [%ID/g/kg]) than that of the sham group on day 1 (0.187 +/- 0.028 %ID/g/kg) and the control group (0.184 +/- 0.009 %ID/g/kg) (P < 0.05). Tracer uptake in the irradiated marrow on day 9 was significantly lower (0.148 +/- 0.023 %ID/g/kg) than that of the sham group on day 9 (0.193 +/- 0.021 %ID/g/kg) and the control group (P < 0.01). In contrast, the nonirradiated contralateral marrow from irradiated rats showed increased FDG uptake on day 18 (0.274 +/- 0.063 %ID/g/kg) that was significantly higher than that of the sham group on day 18 (0.208 +/- 0.030 %ID/g/kg) and the control group (0.183 +/- 0.018 %ID/g/kg) (P < 0.05). The irradiated marrow smear specimens initially revealed increased percentages of neutrophils on day 1 (45% of 500 nucleoid cells examined per slide) compared with that of the sham group (20%), followed by severely decreased overall cellularity on day 9. CONCLUSION: In this experimental system, normal marrow uptake of FDG transiently rose, then fell, and ultimately returned to baseline after external beam irradiation. Knowledge of this biphasic early irradiation effect on normal bone marrow may be important when the efficacy of radiation therapy on bone metastasis is evaluated using FDG PET after irradiation.  相似文献   
109.
Positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) may show negative results for bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma. We investigated the correlation of Glut-1 glucose transporter expression with [18F]FDG uptake in non-small cell lung cancer. Thirty-two patients with 34 non-small cell lung cancers (7 bronchioloalveolar carcinomas, 23 non-bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, and 1 adenosquamous cell carcinoma) were studied. Final diagnoses were established by histology (via thoracotomy) in all patients. [18F]FDG PET was performed 40 min after i.v. injection of 185 MBq [18F]FDG. For semi-quantitative analysis of [18F]FDG uptake, standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated. Glut-1 expression was studied in terms of the immunohistochemistry of paraffin sections using anti-Glut-1 antibody to determine the intensity (0-3) of Glut-1 immunoreactivity and percentage of the Glut-1-positive area. Of seven bronchioloalveolar carcinomas, six (85.7%) were negative for the expression of Glut-1, while only one (4.3%) of 23 non-bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas was negative (P < 0.0001). The percentages of Glut-1-positive area, as well as the SUVs, were significantly lower in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (n = 7) (2.86% +/- 7.56% and 1.25 +/- 0.75, respectively) than in non-bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas (n = 23) (54.83% +/- 25.64%, P < 0.0001, and 3.94 +/- 1.93, P = 0.001, respectively). The degree of cell differentiation correlated with the percentage of Glut-1-positive area and SUVs in adenocarcinoma of the lung. Correlations between SUVs and the intensity of Glut-1 immunoreactivity were also significant (intensities 0 and 1, n = 11, SUV 1.47 +/- 0.63; intensities 2 and 3, n=23, SUV 4.78 +/- 2.13; P < 0.0001). The percentage of Glut-1-positive area correlated significantly with SUVs (n = 34, r = 0.658, P < 0.01). Overexpression of Glut-1 correlated with high [18F]FDG uptake. These findings suggest that Glut-1 expression is related to [18F]FDG uptake in non-small cell lung cancer. Glut-1 expression, as well as [18F]FDG uptake, correlated with the degree of cell differentiation in adenocarcinomas, and both Glut-1 expression and [18F]FDG uptake were significantly lower in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas than in non-bronchioloalveolar carcinomas.  相似文献   
110.
The purpose of this study was to compare the assessment of functional severity on in-vivo hepatic 31P-MRS in diffuse hepatic disease with functional severity assessed with 99mTc galactosyl serum albumin (99mTc-GSA). 31P-MRS was performed in 10 healthy control subjects and 16 patients with diffuse hepatic disease. Data were expressed as peak area ratios: PME/beta-ATP, PDE/beta-ATP, PME/PDE, Pi/beta-ATP, and PME/Pi. The functional severity of hepatic damage was evaluated visually and quantitatively (HH15, LHL15) by 99mTc-GSA in the group of patients with diffuse hepatic disease. Visual evaluation was classified into four grades based on anterior images of cardiac blood-pool and liver. We studied the correlation of spectral metabolic ratios and functional severity by 99mTc-GSA. We found statistically significant differences (ANOVA) among the classifications of Grade I, Grade II, and Grade III with both PME/beta-ATP and PME/PDE. A statistically significant direct correlation was found between HH15 and both PME/beta-ATP and PME/PDE. A significant inverse correlation was also seen between LHL15 and both PME/beta-ATP and PME/PDE. The studies comparing 31P-MRS with functional severity assessed by 99mTc-GSA showed that PME/beta-ATP and PME/PDE were useful for the assessment of functional severity in patients with diffuse hepatic disease.  相似文献   
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