A case of primary omental torsion presenting as an acute abdominal pain]

Torsion of greater omentum is a rare cause of acute abdomen. However, it should be included in the differential diagnoses in addition to acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and other variable causes of acute abdomen. Diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy for suspected appendicitis. In some cases, computed tomography demonstrates a successful preoperative detection of omental torsion. We report a case of surgically and pathologically proven torsion with subsequent infarction of greater omentum presented as an acute abdominal pain.     

改良电针痉挛连续两次发作治疗重性抑郁症疗效分析

目的　探讨改良电针痉挛连续两次发作治疗重性抑郁症的疗效。方法　使用YA型电针痉挛治疗仪 ,对 64例重性抑郁症患者进行连续两次发作 (试验组 )和单次发作 (对照组 )治疗 ,采用HAMD抑郁量表评分。结果　试验组临床显效率为 82 3 % ,对照组为 60 0 % ,试验组的疗效显著性地优于对照组 (χ2 =3 94,P <0 0 5 )。HAMD抑郁量表评定 :两组治疗前后总分均值比较均有显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ,试验组和对照组治疗后总分均值有显著差异 (t=5 .10 8,P <0 0 1) ;两组 4次发作治疗后总分均值比较试验组显效快于对照组 ;试验组的绝望感、认知障碍、迟滞因子分均值减低比对照组更明显 (P <0 0 1)。结论　改良电针痉挛连续两次发作疗法见效快、疗效好 ,无明显副作用 ,是治疗重性抑郁症的一种新方法     

蟾毒灵抗小鼠原位移植性肝癌整体药效学研究

目的　探讨蟾毒灵对小鼠原位移植性肝癌的抗肿瘤作用。方法　建立肝原位移植瘤模型。随机分为 5组 ,每组 15只 ,蟾毒灵 3组分别给予 1.5、1.0、0 .5mg/kg体重 ,腹腔注射 ;生理盐水 (NS)组给予等体积的生理盐水 ,用法同蟾毒灵组 ;阿霉素 (ADM )组按 8mg/kg体重给药。用药后第 11天每组分别处死 10只荷瘤鼠 ,测量肿瘤大小 ,取瘤组织行病理学检查和瘤细胞超微结构观察。剩余各组观察带瘤生存期。结果　蟾毒灵组肿瘤大小均较NS组明显缩小 (P <0 .0 1) ;中、大剂量的蟾毒灵组带瘤生存期较NS组明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。大、中剂量的蟾毒灵瘤组织以中重度坏死为主 ,小剂量以轻中度坏死为主。电镜下大、中剂量蟾毒灵组可见肿瘤细胞凋亡征象。结论　蟾毒灵对小鼠原位移植性肝癌有显著的抗肿瘤作用 ,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡可能是蟾毒灵的抗肿瘤机理之一。     

中国人HNPCC家系的临床特征及M3胆碱能受体基因(A)8区突变检测

目的:分析中国人遗传性非息肉病性大肠癌(HNPCC)家系的临床特征并检测这些家系中M3胆碱能受体基因(A)8区的突变情况.方法:根据2003年4月杭州会议制定的中国人HNPCC家系标准收集HNPCC家系共15个,分析其临床特征;提取先证者的外周血基因组DNA,PCR扩增M3胆碱能受体基因第8外显子中一段长153 bp,包含有微卫星位点(A)8的基因片段,直接进行DNA测序.结果:15个家系共有恶性肿瘤患者55例,其中大肠癌患者41例,平均每个家系发生大肠癌2.73例,73%的大肠癌患者发病年龄<50岁,51%的病灶位于近端结肠,40%发生在直肠肛门,同时和异时多原发大肠癌总发生率为12%,2/3的家系属于Lynch Ⅱ型,共发生肠外恶性肿瘤14例(18个),其中胃癌最常见.15例先证者外周血中无1例检测到M3胆碱能受体基因(A)8区的突变.结论:M3胆碱能受体基因与中国人群中HPNCC的发病可能无密切关系.中国人HNPCC家系标准应在临床工作中推广应用,并进一步验证其合理性和科学性.     

Parvalbumin 3 is an Abundant Ca2+ Buffer in Hair Cells

Ca2+ signaling serves distinct purposes in different parts of a hair cell. The Ca2+ concentration in stereocilia regulates adaptation and, through rapid transduction-channel reclosure, underlies amplification of mechanical signals. In presynaptic active zones, Ca2+ mediates the exocytotic release of afferent neurotransmitter. At efferent synapses, Ca2+ activates the K+ channels that dominate the inhibitory postsynaptic potential. A copious supply of diffusible protein buffer isolates the three signals by restricting the spread of free Ca2+ and limiting the duration of its action. Using cDNA subtraction and a gene expression assay based on in situ hybridization, we detected abundant expression of mRNAs encoding the Ca2+ buffer parvalbumin 3 in bullfrog saccular and chicken cochlear hair cells. We cloned cDNAs encoding this protein from the corresponding inner-ear libraries and raised antisera against recombinant bullfrog parvalbumin 3. Immunohistochemical labeling indicated that parvalbumin 3 is a prominent Ca2+-binding protein in the compact, cylindrical hair cells of the bullfrog's sacculus, and occurs as well in the narrow, peanut-shaped hair cells of that organ. Using quantitative Western blot analysis, we ascertained that the concentration of parvalbumin 3 in saccular hair cells is approximately 3 mM. Parvalbumin 3 is therefore a significant mobile Ca2+ buffer, and perhaps the dominant buffer, in many types of hair cell. Moreover, parvalbumin 3 provides an early marker for developing hair cells in the frog, chicken, and zebrafish.     

胰岛素生长因子1在颅缝闭合中调节作用的实验研究

目的：研究胰岛素生长因子1对大鼠颅缝细胞的骨诱导作用和体外调节小鼠矢状缝闭合的作用。方法：获取新出生的SD大鼠的矢状缝细胞进行培养和出生8d的CD1小鼠矢状缝进行体外无血清器官培养基培养，加入胰岛素生长因子1（insulin lilce growth factor 1 IGF1），浓度分别为10ng/ml和40ng/ml，并设立不加IGF1者为对照组，应用RT－PCR检测颅缝细胞的成骨细胞表型碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素和骨桥蛋白mRNA表达，ELISA法检测培养液I型胶原的分泌，光镜观察小鼠矢状缝闭合的情况。结果：加入IGF1的矢状缝细胞的成骨细胞表型碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素和骨桥蛋白mRNA表达以及培养液I型胶原分泌量较对照组明显增高。有IGF1干预的矢状缝移植体培养8d时，颅缝内侧面骨板开始接近，培养20d时，颅缝小部分闭合，培养30d时颅缝大部分闭合，无IGF1干预的对照组培养30d，颅缝未发生闭合。结论：胰岛素生长因子1通过增强颅缝细胞的骨诱导促进颅缝的闭合。     

小檗碱对兔颈动脉粥样硬化中内膜增生和巨噬细胞趋化作用的影响

目的观察小檗碱对家兔颈动脉粥样硬化的内膜中膜比和巨噬细胞变化的影响。方法24只雄性日本大耳白兔随机分为3个试验组,正常组每天肌肉注射生理盐水,普通饲料喂养,对照组高脂喂养,1周后行颈动脉内膜空气干燥术并每日肌肉注射生理盐水,小檗碱干预组高脂喂养,1周后行颈动脉内膜空气干燥术并肌肉注射小檗碱,5周时取手术侧的颈动脉做弹力纤维染色,计算内膜中膜比;巨噬细胞免疫组化检测巨噬细胞在颈动脉粥样硬化病变中的变化,计算巨噬细胞的阳性率。结果对照组内膜厚度明显增加,中膜萎缩变薄,经计算I/M为1.20±0.007,小檗碱组的I/M为0.65±0.008。两组间有显著差异(P<0.01);巨噬细胞免疫组化染色对照组内膜下和中膜有大量巨噬细胞,小檗碱干预组内膜和中膜下也可以见有巨噬细胞沉积,通过计算巨噬细胞阳性率,小檗碱干预组的巨噬细胞阳性率明显小于对照组(P<0.01)。结论小檗碱可以降低家兔颈动脉粥样硬化中的血管内膜厚度、减少粥样斑块中的巨噬细胞数目,从而干预颈动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

前列腺癌细胞株Du145裸鼠胫骨部骨肿瘤转移模型的建立

目的:建立一种裸鼠前列腺癌骨转移模型,观察肿瘤局部生长和远处转移情况,并进一步探讨其应用价值。方法:9只6周龄雄性BALB/C裸鼠麻醉后,将前肢及左后肢固定,以1 m l TB针筒-29G针头从胫骨头关节窝,刺入骨髓腔缓缓注入人前列腺癌Du145细胞悬液30μl(约5×106个细胞)至骨髓腔,以建立前列腺癌骨转移模型。观察裸鼠生命体征变化。于濒死状态下处死,取右后肢及其附近淋巴结、肺脏和肝脏等标本,用40 m l/L甲醛固定、石蜡包埋、苏木精-伊红染色后显微镜下观察。结果:9只裸鼠中有6只模型建立成功。接种后平均48 d裸鼠出现跛行现象,右后肢胫骨部可触及米粒大小的包块,质硬,进一步发展至小鼠行走障碍。55 d后出现恶病质,解剖后发现右后肢胫骨部骨质疏松,局部有“腐肉”样组织突出髓腔,填塞肌肉间隙,病理证实为肿瘤组织。肝脏泛黄、被膜皱缩,镜下呈急性重型肝炎的病理改变。结论:胫骨内注射细胞悬液制作裸鼠前列腺癌骨转移模型较好地模拟了人前列腺癌在骨骼微环境中的生长及转归情况,是研究前列腺肿瘤骨转移的适宜模型。     

均衡组间差异的有效方法:倾向评分

目的：实例介绍倾向评分法的基本原理和适用条件，设计适用于分析二分类资料的SAS宏程序。方法：运用倾向评分比较平衡前后两组间差异的改变情况，评价放弃心肺复苏急救与充血性心力衰竭患者院内死亡的联系。结果：采用分层法和匹配法都可以有效地平衡两组各个特征变量间所存在的高度差异，三种分析方法获得相近的估计结果。结论：倾向评分法是均衡组间差异的有效方法，能够匹配和平衡各个特征变量的作用，并用于分析各种观察性研究资料。     

Cleft lip and palate, sensorineural deafness, and sacral lipoma in two brothers: a possible example of the disorganisation mutant.

We report two brothers of Chinese origin who have an apparently unique syndrome of cleft lip/palate, profound sensorineural deafness, and a sacral lipoma. Additional findings which were not common to both were aberrant digital appendages on the heel and thigh of one boy and an anterior sacral meningocele and dislocated hip in the other. Intelligence is normal in both. Both boys suffer from functional constipation but biopsy studies showed no evidence of Hirschsprung's disease. The parents, who are normal, are not related. Inheritance is probably autosomal or X linked recessive. A possible link with the disorganisation mouse mutant is discussed.