骆驼蓬生物碱乳膏剂的质量标准研究

摘 要 目的： 初步建立骆驼蓬生物碱乳膏剂的质量控制方法。方法: 按照《中国药典》2010年版一部附录有关制剂通则要求,对制剂进行一般质量检查。以去氢骆驼蓬碱和骆驼蓬碱为指标,采用薄层色谱法对乳膏剂进行薄层色谱鉴别。以去氢骆驼蓬碱、骆驼蓬碱、鸭嘴花碱为指标,采用高效液相色谱法对制剂进行含量测定。结果: 检查项目均符合《中国药典》要求。薄层色谱中供试品在与对照品相同位置上显相同颜色斑点。去氢骆驼蓬碱、骆驼蓬碱和鸭嘴花碱分别在3.440～110.000 μg·ml^-1、3.340～107.000 μg·ml^-1和1.380～22.000 μg·ml^-1浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为98.1% (RSD=1.75%, n=6)、99.8% (RSD=1.78%,n=6)和99.3% (RSD=1.95%,n=6)。结论:所建立的质量控制方法符合方法学要求,为最终制定骆驼蓬生物碱乳膏剂质量标准奠定了试验基础。     

The clinical pattern differentiates ANCA-positive infective endocarditis patients from ANCA-associated vasculitis patients: a 23 years’ retrospective cohort study in China and follow-ups

Clinical Rheumatology - Patients with infective endocarditis (IE) may present rheumatic manifestations concurrent with various autoantibodies and thus mimic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody...     

Interaction of oxalic acid with methylamine and its atmospheric implications

Oxalic acid, which is one of the most common dicarboxylic acids, is expected to be an important component of atmospheric aerosols. However, the contribution of oxalic acid to the generation of new particles is still poorly understood. In this study, the structural characteristics and thermodynamics of (C₂H₂O₄)(CH₃NH₂)_n (n = 1–4) were investigated at the PW91PW91/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory. We found that clusters formed by oxalic acid and methylamine are relatively stable, and the more the atoms participating in the formation of a ring-like structure, the more stable is the cluster. In addition, via the analysis of atmospheric relevance, it can be revealed that clusters of (C₂H₂O₄)(CH₃NH₂)_n (n = 1–4) have a noteworthy concentration in the atmosphere, which indicates that these clusters could be participating in new particle formation. Moreover, by comparison with (H₂C₂O₄)(NH₃)_n (n = 1–6) species, it can be seen that oxalic acid is more readily bound to methylamine than to ammonia, which promotes nucleation or new particle formation. Finally, the Rayleigh scattering properties of clusters of (C₂H₂O₄)(CH₃NH₂)_n (n = 1–4) were investigated for the first time to determine their atmospheric implications.

Oxalic acid, which is one of the most common dicarboxylic acids, is expected to be an important component of atmospheric aerosols.     

High and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanobipyramids for photothermal therapy

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. It is known that hyaluronic acid (HA) binds CD44 receptors, which are overexpressed on the surface of TNBC cells. To optimize the targeting ability of HA, in this study we coated gold nanobipyramids (GBPs) with high and low molecular weight HA (380 kDa and 102 kDa), named GBPs@h-HA and GBPs@l-HA, respectively. GBPs@l-HA and GBPs@h-HA had excellent stability when dispersed in water and PBS (pH 7.4) for seven days. The HA density was calculated by the ratio of HA to GBPs@l-HA and GBPs@h-HA, which was 13.22 and 4.77, respectively. The two nanoparticles displayed good photostability, which was evaluated by their photothermal performance and similar biocompatibility. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) revealed superior cellular uptake of GBPs@h-HA over GBPs@l-HA. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the GBPs@h-HA also showed higher therapeutic efficacy than GBPs@l-HA both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our study demonstrates that the molecular weight of HA plays an important role in the targeting ability and thus photothermal therapeutic efficacy of HA-coated gold nanobipyramids.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Hyaluronic acid (HA) could bind CD44 receptors, which are overexpressed on the surface of TNBC cells. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, the GBPs@HA showed high therapeutic efficacy in vivo.     

Facile synthesis of MoO2/CaSO4 composites as highly efficient adsorbents for congo red and rhodamine B

A novel rod-shaped MoO₂/CaSO₄ composite was prepared by using hexa-ammonium molybdate and flue gas desulfurization gypsum via a simple mixed-solvothermal route. In this composite, CaSO₄ matrices are decorated with MoO₂ nanoparticles, and non-structural mesopores are formed via particle packing. Moreover, it displays an excellent adsorption capability towards anionic congo red (CR) and cationic rhodamine B (RhB). The adsorption quantities per unit mass and removal efficiencies of the two dyes are significantly influenced by adsorbent dose, solution pH, and temperature. The adsorption isotherm data can be best fitted by the Langmuir model, and the calculated maximum adsorption quantities at 303.5 K are 853.54 mg g⁻¹ for CR and 86.38 mg g⁻¹ for RhB, respectively, which are superior to other common adsorbents. The corresponding kinetic data can be well matched with the pseudo-second-order model. Additionally, the CR adsorption is an exothermic process, while the RhB adsorption is an endothermic process. Both of them are multi-step chemisorption processes influenced by surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion. This MoO₂/CaSO₄ composite can be applied as an alternative adsorbent for removing organic dyestuffs from printing and dyeing wastewater.

A new kind of rod-shaped MoO₂/CaSO₄ composite, in which MoO₂ nanoparticles are supported on the surface of CaSO₄ matrices, was prepared via a mixed-solvothermal method for efficient removal towards congo red and rhodamine B.     

Antioxidant properties of flavonoid derivatives and their hepatoprotective effects on CCl4 induced acute liver injury in mice

Excessive accumulation of free radicals in the body can cause liver damage, aging, cancer, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Anastatin B, a skeletal flavonoid, was reported to have antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. Anastatin B derivatives, compound 1 and 2, were synthesized by our group previously. In this study, their antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective mechanism were studied using chemical evaluation methods, a cellular model of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage, and a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced liver injury. Results from the chemical evaluation suggested that both compounds had good antioxidant power and radical scavenging ability in vitro. MTT assay showed that both compounds had cytoprotective activity in H₂O₂-treated PC12 cells. Moreover, their hepatoprotective activities evaluated using a mouse model of CCl₄-induced liver injury that compared with the model group, pretreatment with compound 1 and 2 significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; reduced the liver tissue damage; and increased glutathione content. However, compound 2 was a more effective hepatoprotectant than compound 1 was. Finally, the amount of TNF-α and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) were significantly downregulated in compound 1 and 2 pretreatment groups. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that both compounds have potential antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect in vitro and in vivo. Further chemo-biological study and investigation of the compounds'' enzymatic targets are ongoing.

Excessive accumulation of free radicals in the body can cause liver damage, aging, cancer, stroke, and myocardial infarction.     

Theoretical investigations on azole-fused tricyclic 1,2,3,4-tetrazine-2-oxides

Fused compounds, a unique class of large conjugate structures, have emerged as prime candidates over traditional nitrogen-rich mono-ring or poly-ring materials. Meanwhile, compounds containing catenated nitrogen chains have also attracted attention from scientists due to their high heats of formation. On the other hand, the azoxy [–N N(O)–] moiety has been found to increase density effectively in the molecular structure of compounds. Therefore, combining fused heterocyclic organic skeletons with the azoxy moiety can be regarded as an effective method for increasing the density and heat of formation, which results in substantial increase in detonation properties. Based on the above-mentioned considerations, in this study, a series of new non-hydrogen-containing 5/6/5 fused ring molecules with azoxy moiety structures are designed. Furthermore, their properties as potential high-energy-density materials, including their density, heats of formation, detonation properties, and impact sensitivity, have been extensively evaluated using thermodynamic calculations and density functional theory. Among the investigated compounds, 1,3,8,10-tetranitrodiimidazo[1,5-d:5′,1′-f][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 5-oxide (B), 1,10-dinitrobis([1,2,3]triazolo)[1,5-d:5′,1′-f][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 5-oxide (C) and 2,9-dinitrobis([1,2,4]triazolo)[1,5-d:5′,1′-f][1,2,3,4]tetrazine 5-oxide (D) display remarkable stabilities and are predicted to be high-performance energetic materials due to their high density (>1.94 g cm⁻³), detonation velocity (>9616 m s⁻¹), and detonation pressure (>41.1 GPa). In addition, our design strategy, which combines the azoxy moiety and fused tricyclic skeleton to construct nitrogen-rich molecular structures with high density and positive heat of formation, is a valuable approach for developing novel high-energy-density materials with excellent performance and stability.

In this work, a series of novel non-hydrogen-containing 5/6/5 fused ring molecules with azoxy moiety were designed, some physicochemical or detonation properties of them were calculated.     

Venous thromboembolism in non-COVID-19 population during the pandemic: a nationwide multicenter retrospective survey

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Although mechanical thrombectomy is a powerful predictor of stroke outcome, it induces vessel wall injury in the acute phase. This study aimed to analyze...