(Ba,Sr)TiO3:RE perovskite phosphors (RE = Dy,Eu): nitrate pyrolysis synthesis,enhanced photoluminescence,and reversible emission against heating

A series of (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ phosphors singly doped with Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ were successfully synthesized using the nitrate pyrolysis method at 750 °C. Eu³⁺ or Dy³⁺ single-doped BaTiO₃ retained the tetragonal crystal structure of the host, while the Sr²⁺-substituted (Ba,Sr)TiO₃:RE³⁺ (RE³⁺ = Eu³⁺ or Dy³⁺) experienced a phase transformation from tetragonal to cubic phase with a unit cell shrinkage. For Eu³⁺ doped phosphors, BaTiO₃:xEu³⁺ (x = 0.02–0.10) exhibited red photoluminescence and the highest intensity of emission belonged to the optimal-doped BaTiO₃:xEu³⁺ (x = 8 mol%). Moreover, the substitution of 30 mol% Sr²⁺ for Ba²⁺ (that is Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃:xEu³⁺, x = 8 mol%) further enhanced the emission intensity of BaTiO₃:xEu³⁺ (x = 8 mol%). For Dy³⁺ doped phosphors, BaTiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 0.02–0.10) showed yellow photoluminescence and the highest light intensity was from the optimal-doped BaTiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 4 mol%). In addition, the substitution of 20 mol% Sr²⁺ for Ba²⁺ (the phosphor Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO₃:xDy³⁺, x = 4 mol%) induced further increase in emission intensity of BaTiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 4 mol%). The emission intensities at higher temperature of 100 °C retained about 70% and 90% of the initial values at room temperature (RT) for the optimal BaTiO₃:xEu³⁺ (x = 8 mol%) and BaTiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 4 mol%) phosphors, respectively, while the emission intensities at the temperature of 100 °C retained about 60% and 80% of the initial intensities at RT for the optimal Sr²⁺-substituted Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃:xEu³⁺ (x = 8 mol%) and Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 4 mol%) phosphors, respectively. It is worth noting that on cooling down to RT again from 210 °C, the BaTiO₃:xDy³⁺ (x = 4 mol%) phosphor exhibited excellent luminescent thermal stability (with a high activation energy of 0.387 eV) and the strongest recovery (∼95%) of PL emission among the series of phosphors. The as-prepared phosphors with optimal compositions would be good candidates for the applications in lighting, display, and related fields.

Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ doped (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ red and yellow phosphors were synthesized respectively. Substituting of Sr²⁺ for Ba²⁺ further enhance emission. BaTiO₃:0.04Dy³⁺ possess an excellent thermal stability and the strongest emission recovery of 95% among the phosphors.     

输入性疟疾的卫生检疫法律义务反思

从全国范围内输入性恶性疟疾个案调查看,输入性疟疾正以点状势态侵入我国。河南国际旅行卫生保健中心调查状况显示,输入性恶性疟疾呈现上升趋势。但是,归国人员的卫生检疫复查困难重重,使得防控结果不稳定。由于目前卫生检疫法律界定模糊,归国人员疾病监测执法不能有效落实,思考目前应该和可以采取的措施认为,除了应该加大传染病的监测力度和强化国际旅行卫生保健知识等健康教育力度外,归国人员应该自律,承担法律义务,负起社会责任,才能有效防止疟疾传入。     

医院医疗器械临床试验的特点及管理对策

该文通过分析中山大学附属第三医院近10年完成的医疗器械临床试验的一般资料,结合临床试验过程中的管理经验,对我院医疗器械临床试验的特点及存在问题进行阐述,并提出相应的管理对策以保证医疗器械试验的质量,提高医院对医疗器械临床试验管理的规范性。     

湖南省永州市1993—2014年艾滋病疫情特点

目的分析永州市1993—2014年艾滋病疫情特点,为制定人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对永州市1993—2014年艾滋病疫情进行统计分析。结果永州市1993—2014年累计报告HIV/AIDS病例2 917例,报告病例数逐年上升;男女比例为2.30∶1;20~49岁青壮年占52.04%,≥50岁者占46.76%,近年≥50岁人群所占比例上升明显;感染途径以性传播为主,占88.48%,其中男男同性传播占2.64%。结论永州市要进一步加大艾滋病知识宣传力度,切实落实高危人群行为干预各项措施;将端口下移,扩大检测范围,以有效防控艾滋病的传播与流行。     

H7N9禽流感病毒疫苗及其预防控制

<正>禽流感病毒有6个内部基因来自于H9N2,部分血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)和神经氨酸酶(neuramidinase,NA)基因源自H7N3和H1N9。禽流感病毒能够感染人类,可能与HA和NA基因发生了Q226L和E627K关键位点突变有关,这两个突变被认为是病毒适应人类气道上皮的表现。此外,H7N9具有哺乳动物流感病毒的特性,如HA蛋     

口腔专科医院医务人员手卫生依从性干预效果

目的提高口腔专科医院医务人员的手卫生依从性,有效降低医院感染率。方法依照世界卫生组织推荐的《手卫生指南》及《手卫生实施方案》,制订系统、循序渐进的口腔专科医院手卫生促进方案,分5个步骤进行:全院戒备、基线调查、实施改进、跟踪调查和回顾分析。对比手卫生促进活动前后医务人员的手卫生依从性。结果通过手卫生促进活动,医务人员手卫生知识问卷调查平均得分由之前的58.33分提高至77.40分,提升了32.69%;平均手卫生依从率由24.28%(59/243)上升至49.81%(133/267),差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.331,P=0.000);5个手卫生时刻的手卫生状况也有较大改善。结论手卫生促进活动对口腔专科医院医务人员的手卫生依从性有显著影响。     

法尼醇X受体与糖脂代谢

法尼醇X受体(farnesoid X receptor,FXR)属于核受体超家族,研究证明FXR可调控多种代谢通路,除在胆汁酸代谢中发挥重要作用外,FXR激活后参与维持机体糖脂代谢稳态。随着糖脂代谢异常相关疾病发病率的升高,FXR对糖脂代谢的调节越来越引起研究者的重视。FXR激动剂可能成为治疗2型糖尿病和脂代谢紊乱等代谢性疾病的新型药物靶点。     

Combined systems pharmacology and fecal metabonomics to study the biomarkers and therapeutic mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy treated with Astragalus and Leech

In our study, systems pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of Astragalus and Leech, and explore the therapeutic mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) treated with Astragalus and Leech. Simultaneously, to reveal the systemic metabolic changes and biomarkers associated with T2DN, we performed ¹H NMR-based metabonomics and multivariate analysis to analyze fecal samples obtained from model T2DN rats. In addition, ELISA kits and histopathological studies were used to examine biochemical parameters and kidney tissue, respectively. Striking differences in the Pearson''s correlation of 22 biomarkers and 9 biochemical parameters were also observed among control, T2DN and treated rats. Results of systems pharmacology analysis revealed that 9 active compounds (3,9-di-O-methylnissolin; (6aR,11aR)-9,10-dimethoxy-6a,11a-dihydro-6H-benzofurano[3,2-c]chromen-3-ol; hirudin; l-isoleucine; phenylalanine; valine; hirudinoidine A–C) and 9 target proteins (l-serine dehydratase; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase; tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase; branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase; acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase; isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase; pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component alpha subunit; hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase) of Astragalus and Leech were closely associated with the treatment of T2DN. Using fecal metabonomics analysis, 22 biomarkers were eventually found to be closely associated with the occurrence of T2DN. Combined with systems pharmacology and fecal metabonomics, these biomarkers were found to be mainly associated with 6 pathways, involving amino acid metabolism (leucine, valine, isoleucine, alanine, lysine, glutamate, taurine, phenylalanine, tryptophan); energy metabolism (lactate, succinate, creatinine, α-glucose, glycerol); ketone body and fatty acid metabolism (3-hydroxybutyrate, acetate, n-butyrate, propionate); methylamine metabolism (dimethylamine, trimethylamine); and secondary bile acid metabolism and urea cycle (deoxycholate, citrulline). The underlying mechanisms of action included protection of the liver and kidney, enhancement of insulin sensitivity and antioxidant activity, and improvement of mitochondrial function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that systems pharmacology combined with fecal metabonomics has been used to study T2DN. 6 metabolites (n-butyrate, deoxycholate, propionate, tryptophan, taurine and glycerol) associated with T2DN were newly discovered in fecal samples. These 6 metabolites were mainly derived from the intestinal flora, and related to amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and secondary bile acid metabolism. We hope the results of this study could be inspirational and helpful for further exploration of T2DN treatment. Meanwhile, our results highlighted that exploring the biomarkers of T2DN and therapeutic mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas on T2DN by combining systems pharmacology and fecal metabonomics methods was a promising strategy.

In our study, systems pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of Astragalus and Leech, and explore the therapeutic mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) treated with Astragalus and Leech.     

食品药品检验系统质量管理岗位分级模式调研与分析

目的：在食品药品检验机构科室内部设立质量管理员,利用质量管理员的在线监督,保证检验科室全部要素始终处于正确、有效的状态,弥补所级质管部门在持续覆盖全面质量管理和监督工作内容方面的局限性,促进实验室质量管理体系的有效运行。方法：通过设计调查表及调查结果的统计,充分了解检验一线对质量管理员的岗位职责需求。结果与结论：明确科室质量管理员的岗位职责、工作重点、检查频次及人员条件,是质量管理岗位分级模式运行方案的基础。质量管理分级模式的试运行,是一次由内而外的质量改变,不仅将检验一线希望重点关注和提升检验质量的想法付诸行动,而且已初显成效。