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41.
Due to various factors--shyness, failure of patients to return for follow-up, poor postal services--few sperm counts are conducted following vasectomies in India to assess the success of the operation. A semen sponge technique has been developed which overcomes most previous difficulties and objections. At the time of vasectomy, the patient is given a stamped envelope with a sponge piece. The patient is instructed to smear the sponge with a little semen after 12 ejaculations or after 3 months, to let the sponge dry, and then to mail it back to the health center. Laboratory procedures on the sponge at the health center are explained. If evidence of sperm are found, the patient is advised to continue use of contraception until a negative sponge is obtained. A comparative study was done using different blotting materials. Sponges were found to be the best material. Results from the dried sponges were found consistent with direct semen examination. The method has been found to be reliable and convenient. 相似文献
42.
43.
Asha R Kallianpur Lynn D Hall Meeta Yadav Brian W Christman Robert S Dittus Jonathan L Haines Fritz F Parl Marshall L Summar 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2004,13(2):205-212
Individuals with the major hemochromatosis (HFE) allele C282Y and iron overload develop hepatocellular and some extrahepatic malignancies at increased rates. No association has been previously reported between the C282Y allele and breast cancer. We hypothesized that due to the pro-oxidant properties of iron, altered iron metabolism in C282Y carriers may promote breast carcinogenesis. Because 1 in 10 Caucasians of Northern European ancestry carries this allele, any impact it may have on breast cancer burden is potentially great. We determined C282Y genotypes in 168 patients who underwent high-dose chemotherapy and blood cell transplantation for cancer: 41 with breast cancer and 127 with predominantly hematological cancers (transplant cohort). Demographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics were reviewed in breast cancer patients. The frequency of C282Y genotypes in breast cancers was compared with the frequency in nonbreast cancers, an outpatient sample from Tennessee (n = 169), and a published United States national sample. The frequency of at least one C282Y allele in breast cancers was higher (36.6%, 5 homozygotes/10 heterozygotes) than frequencies in Tennessee (12.7%, P < 0.001), the general population (12.4%, P < 0.001), and similarly selected nonbreast cancers (17.0%, P = 0.008). The likelihood of breast cancer in the transplant cohort increased with C282Y allele dose (P(trend) = 0.010). These results were supported by the finding in a nontransplant cohort of a higher frequency of C282Y mutations in Caucasian (18.4%, P = 0.039) and African-American (8.5%, P = 0.005) women with breast cancer than race-specific national frequency estimates. A high prevalence of C282Y alleles in women with breast cancer with and without poor risk features suggests that altered iron metabolism in C282Y carriers may promote the development of breast cancer and/or more aggressive forms of the disease. 相似文献
44.
S. P. S. Yadav Rupender K. Ranga Jagat Singh Rohtas Yadav 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2003,55(1):53-54
With the explosion in the number of AIDS patients, many of these are likely to consult to otolaryngologists the head & neck is a rather common site to be affected. Sometimes only oesophageal candidiasis is the presenting feature as in the present case which is being reported show typical radiological appearance. the differential diagnosis and treatment of nesophageal candidiasis is briefly discussed 相似文献
45.
S. P. S. Yadav Asruddin Rohtas K. Yadav Jagat Singh Geeta Gathwala 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2003,55(4):288-289
A 4 month old male infant was brought with only strong suspicion of foreign body ingestion without any symptomatology. X-ray examination revealed foreign body at cricopharyngeus, which was managed successfully emphasizing the fact that a strong suspicion and relevant radiography is the key to early and successful management. 相似文献
46.
47.
Liu JM; Chen YM; Chao Y; Liu SM; Tiu CM; Wu HW; Chiou TC; Hsieh RK; Chen LT; Whang-Peng J 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(7):431-435
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin/etoposide
continuous infusion chemotherapy for cancer of unknown primary site in
Taiwan, a region with a high prevalence of endemic viral infections.
METHOD: Between April 1994 and February 1996, 20 patients with a diagnosis
of CUPS were treated, including 15 males and five females, of average age
63.3 years (range 41-83 years). Continuous intravenous infusion of
etoposide 80 mg/m2 and cisplatin 25 mg/m2 was given for 3 days every 3
weeks. Pretreatment tumor marker and viral serology studies were performed
for baseline evaluation. Nearly two-thirds of the patients had poorly
differentiated carcinoma. The average number of metastatic sites was 2.65
(range 1-4), with liver and lymph node involvement predominating. RESULTS:
The overall response rate was 25% (95% CI 17.7-32.3%); 30.7% for poorly
differentiated cancers and 25% for well differentiated cancers. Median
survival was 4 months (range 1-12 months), 4.8 months for patients
attaining partial response. Toxicity was moderate, grade 3 and 4
neutropenia occurred in 55% and grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia in 40%;
other toxicities were mild. CA125 and CA199 were elevated in more than 50%
of patients. Viral serology studies were not significantly different from
those of the indigenous population. CONCLUSION: Etoposide and cisplatin
combination chemotherapy has modest activity in patients with extensive
CUPS and, at the schedule and dosage given, it is associated with moderate
toxicity.
相似文献
48.
Wang WS; Hsieh RK; Chiou TJ; Liu JH; Fan FS; Yen CC; Tung SL; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(9):551-554
A 54-year-old man was treated with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil (2600 mg/m2) and leucovorin (100 mg/m2) for metastatic colon
cancer. At first, he tolerated the treatment well and no significant
toxicity was identified. After a total of eight courses of treatment, a
stable disease was observed, but mild shortness of breath was found on
occasion. The patient had no previous history of cardiac disease and the
heart performance assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction before
treatment was normal. Unfortunately, acute pulmonary edema with lethal
cardiogenic shock occurred during the ninth course of treatment, in spite
of intensive medical treatment. The chest X-ray showed extreme
cardiomegaly. Repeated assessment of his heart function by echocardiogram
and ventricular ejection fraction revealed a very poor cardiac performance.
Toxic cardiogenic shock during weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is extremely rare. To the best of our
knowledge, no case has been reported in the English literature. We report a
case and the relevant literature about the incidence, clinical picture and
possible pathophysiology on 5-fluorouracil-related cardioxicity is
reviewed.
相似文献
49.
50.
Objective: The objective of the study was to know about the use of alcohol among physicians and factors that were related to it. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among the physicians in a medical school of eastern Nepal. A semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Results: There were 55 subjects in the study. Half of them were between 35-45 years age group and one fourth among them were female. There were more than 88% physicians consuming alcohol for more than 10 years. One third used to preferred whisky as their favorites drink. Use of alcohol among them was due to peer pressure and to become a social human being. Most of them drink alcohol occasionally with an average amount 30-60ml in a sitting and usually in the evening. Most of the time, they use alcohol either in parties or at home. Conclusion: Alcohol use in Nepal is very much prevalent. The use of alcohol is socially accepted in many communities. Uses of alcohol by physicians have direct effect on their health as well as the health of many people because they are role model for many people. They are also in direct contact with the patients. Steps to council the physicians may reduce the consumption of alcohol. Key words: Alcohol, Nepal, Physicians, Dependence, Abuse. 相似文献