TUVP手术时间对血红蛋白及电解质的影响

目的 了解经尿道前列腺汽化电切手术时间对血红蛋白及血清电解质的影响。方法 对64例经尿道前列腺汽化电切术患按手术时间分组，观察手术前后血红蛋白及血清电解质的变化。结果 手术时间对血清电解质的降低有的影响，对血红蛋白降低的影响不显。结论 减少TUR综合征的关键是要操作熟练，缩短手术时间及手术中注意止血。     

急性脑血管病患者血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的检测及临床意义

目的 探讨血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTn-I)对急性脑血管病(ACVD)后心肌损伤的诊断价值.方法 检测160例ACVD患者入院后24h内、3d、7d的血清cTn-I和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB),比较不同病程、不同类型、不同病情程度ACVD患者血清cTn-I和CK-MB的测定结果,观察预后与cTn-I、CK-MB的关系.结果 病后24h内和7d血清cTn-I较CK-MB的阳性率高;脑出血和重症患者病后7d cTn-I仍增高;病后30d内死亡者的cTn-I和CK-MB增高比例高于存活者.结论 血清cTn-I对ACVD后心肌损伤的检测具有比CK-MB更高的敏感性、特异性和更宽的诊断窗口.     

原发性眼眶静脉曲张的CT和MRI表现

目的探讨原发性眼眶静脉曲张(POV)的CT及MRI表现。方法临床诊断的30例原发性眼眶静脉曲张患者,9例行CT横断位和冠状位扫描,21例行MR扫描,4例行CT和MR检查。结果30例中30只患眼,左眼18例,右眼12例,均为单侧发病。病变部位眼睑3例,眼眶前部1例,眼眶后部(球后)17例,眼睑和眼眶前部5例,眼睑、眼眶前部和眼眶后部2例,眼眶前部和眼眶后部2例。形态17例为不规则块状,4例为卵圆形,9例为不规则条状。CT冠状位,病变均显示为软组织密度,有明显强化;静脉石2例;眶骨受压变薄、眶腔扩大3例。MR扫描,颈部加压后25例均显示病变,11例呈等T1长T2信号,7例呈长T1长T2信号,1例呈等T1等T2信号,6例呈长T1长T2为主的混杂信号,增强的22例中,14例呈明显均匀强化,8例呈不均匀强化。结论CT横断位和冠状位及颈部加压或俯卧位MRI在原发性眼眶静脉曲张的诊断和鉴别诊断方面有重要价值。     

Effect of Central Muscarine Receptor Blockade with DKJ-21 on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Stress-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Da-Nian Zhu, Long-Mei Xue, Peng Li. Effect of central muscarine receptor blockade. with DKJ-21 on the blood pressure and heart rote in stress-induced hypertensive rats.

The experiments were performed on Wistar or Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes divided at random into stress and control groups. The rats in the stress groups were put into cages and subjected to electric foot-shocks and noises for 9-15 days, which caused an increase in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In hypertensive rats DKJ-21 (4mg/lml) was injected intravenously (i.v.), and 0.5-1.0h after administration the BP and HR dropped from the high level to normotensive level. In normotensive rats, however, administration of DKJ-21 had no effect on BP or HR. In separate groups of normotensive rats, pretreatment of DKJ-21 (4 mg/l ml, i.v.) blocked the pressor and tachycardiac effect induced by microinjection of physostigmine (0.4μg/0.1 /μl/site), corticosterone (40μg/0.1μl/site) or aldosterone (40 μg/0.1 μl/site) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM). Furthermore, DKJ-21 also attenuated the enhancement of the pressor response to stimulation of the defense area in the midbrain, which was induced by microinjection of drugs (mentioned above) into the rVLM. These results indicate that i.v. DKJ-21 can selectively block the muscarinic receptors in the rVLM in stress-induced hypertensive rats, which suggests that abnormal enhancement of cholinergic mechanism in the rVLM may be related to hypertensive effects of corticoids in this area.     

Effect of temperature in focal ischemia of rat brain studied by 31P and 1H spectroscopic imaging

³¹P, ¹H and lactate spectroscopic imaging was used to evaluate the effects of hypothermia on focal cerebral ischemia produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The effects on high energy phosphate metabolism, pH, lactate and NAA were investigated in 24 spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to either permanent or transient ischemia. Under either normothermic (37.5°C) or hypothermic (32°C) conditions, with permanent 6-h occlusion, there was little difference between groups in either the NMR measurements or the volume of infarction. In animals that underwent 3 h of ischemia followed by 12 h of reperfusion, the ischemic changes in lactate, pH, NAA, and high-energy phosphate returned toward control values, and there was a protective effect of hypothermia (infarct volume of 211 ± 26 and 40 ± 14 mm³ in normothermic and hypothermic groups, respectively). Thus, hypothermia did not ameliorate the changes in lactate, pH, NAA, or high energy phosphate levels occurring during ischemia, however, during reperfusion there was an improvement in both the recovery of these metabolites and pathological outcome in hypothermic compared with normothermic animals.     

神经系统功能磁共振联合应用研究进展

随着磁共振功能成像技术的发展,尤其是弥散张量成像(d iffusion tensor,DTI)及血氧依赖水平磁共振成像(b lood ox-ygenation level dependent,BOLD)技术的日臻完善,在活体状态下显示活动的皮质区并无创跟踪脑内白质纤维,反映解剖连通性已成为可能。本文就功能磁共振BOLD、DTI联     

主动吸入药物烟对大鼠一氧化氮的影响

目的　探讨主动吸入药物烟对大鼠NO的影响。方法　制备大鼠主动吸烟模型 ,采用硝酸还原酶法测定各组大鼠血清、肺、心肌及脑组织的NO含量。结果　非药物烟组大鼠血清、肺、心肌及脑组织中NO含量明显低于非给烟对照组 ,药物烟高、中剂量组NO含量明显高于非药物烟组 ,接近非给烟对照组。结论　吸烟对大鼠血液、肺、心肌及脑组织有不同程度的损伤作用 ,使NO含量降低 ;药物烟具有一定的保护和防止NO含量降低的作用。     

超声对宫角妊娠的诊断及治疗意义

目的 探讨对误诊率高，危害大的罕见特殊部位宫角妊娠的诊断和治疗。方法 对我院1991-2001年收治的宫角妊娠临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 宫角妊娠17例中误诊宫内妊娠行人流失败4例。13例行腹部手术，3例行B超监视下人流术，1例行子宫动脉栓塞术。结论 宫角妊娠临床诊断困难，误诊率高，破裂后造成迅猛的腹腔内出血，应提高对少见部位宫角妊娠的认识，减少孕妇死亡。     

Influence of lecithin on mitochondrial DNA and age-related hearing loss.

OBJECTIVES: Lecithin is a polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PPC), which are high energy functional and structural elements of all biologic membranes. PPC play a rate-limiting role in the activation of numerous membrane-located enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione, which are important antioxidants protecting cell membranes from damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-induced damage to mitochondrial DNA may lead to reduced mitochondrial function in the cochlea and resultant hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The effects of lecithin on aging and age-associated hearing loss were studied in rats by measuring hearing sensitivities using auditory brainstem responses (ABR). In addition, mitochondrial function as a measure of aging was assessed by determining mitochondrial membrane potentials using flow cytometry and by amplifying mitochondrial DNA deletions associated with aging. Harlan-Fischer rats aged 18 to 20 months (n = 14) were divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was supplemented orally for 6 months with lecithin, a purified extract of soybean phospholipid (Nutritional Therapeutics, Allendale, NJ). RESULTS: The data obtained were compared with the control group. ABRs were recorded at 2-month intervals and showed significant preservation of hearing sensitivities in the treated subjects. Flow cytometry revealed significantly higher mitochondrial membrane potentials in the treated subjects, suggesting preserved mitochondrial function. Finally, the common aging mitochondrial DNA deletion (mtDNA(4834)) were amplified from brain and cochlear tissue including stria vascularis and auditory nerve. This specific deletion was found significantly less frequent in all tissues in the treated group compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: These experiments support our hypothesis and provide evidence that lecithin may preserve cochlear mitochondrial function and protect hearing loss associated with aging.