截瘫患者医院感染的监测及预防措施

目的了解截瘫患者医院感染的病原菌对药物敏感情况. 方法回顾分析我院自1996年9月～2003年11月,316例截瘫患者的有关临床资料. 结果 98例患者发生医院感染,医院感染率为31.01%,感染部位主要以呼吸道、皮肤软组织、手术切口、泌尿道感染为多;医院感染的病原菌主要是条件致病菌,以G-菌为主.结论医护人员必须严格无菌操作,根据细菌药敏结果合理选用抗菌药物,加强营养,提高患者机体抵抗力.     

脑动脉瘤手术麻醉处理体会

我院自2002年2月至2003年10月期间施行脑动脉瘤手术18例。现将麻醉处理体会，并结合文献总结如下。     

中老年男性部分雄激素缺乏综合征诊治进展

<正>中老年男性部分雄激素缺乏综合征(Partial androgen deficiency in the aging male,PADAM),长期以来没有引起公众注意。而且PADAM的临床表现比较微妙,使得人们容易忽视它,仅认为是老龄化的必然结果。1998年联合国指出, 到2050年,60岁以上的人口将首次超过15岁以下的儿童人口,13个国家的80岁以上人口将超过总人口的10％。年     

兔动静脉短路环法诱导组织工程骨支架材料血管生成的初步研究

Objective To compare the effects of 2 vascular carriers, arteriovenous loop and arteri-ovenous bundle, on inducing angiogenesis in coral scaffold of vascularized tissue-engineered bone in animal models.Methods Thirty-six adult male New Zealand rabbits were randomized into 2 even groups.In group A, an arteriovenous loop (AVL) was formed by microsurgical anastomosis at the proximal ends between the femoral poptiteal artery and vein, and placed in the circular side groove of the coral block (6 mm × 8 mm × 10 mm) .In group B, flow-through vessels bundles of both femoral artery and vein were placed in the side grooves of the coral block.All the implants in 2 groups were wrapped by a micro-porous expand-ed-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane, and fixed subcutaneously by suturing.Evaluation methods included gross morphological observations, histological examinations, India ink perfusion and vascular casting after 2, 4, 6 weeks.The density of blood vessels was analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 10.0.Results All the corals were encased by newly formed fibrovascular tissues in 2 groups.Ink-stained vessels distributed the surfaces and side grooves, and invaded the interspaces of corals.The degree of vascularization increased over the course of experiment.Blood vessel density demonstrated a significant continuous increase between 2 and 6 weeks after implantation in group A.The mean value of blood vessel density in group A (2 weeks 276.60±4.67, 4 weeks 517.20±10.66, 6 weeks 707.00 ±11.87) was significantly higher than in group B (2 weeks 153.60 ±7.16, 4 weeks 269.40±6.80, 6 weeks 279.20±6.53) (P <0.01).Vascular casting showed that in group A, significant blood vessels sprouted from all areas of the loop, espe-cially at the entrance of the arteriovenous pediele where the small tubes were densely interconnected.In group B, however, no blood vessels sprouted from the arteriovenous bundles and only some small vessels grew from the entrance and exit.Conclusions A vascularized coral model can be constructed by inserting an ar-teriovenous loop or an arteriovenous bundle, useful in vascular bone tissue engineering.The former, however, have stronger abilities to induce angiogenesis than the latter.     

试尖对根管充填质量影响的研究

目的：了解试尖对侧向加压法根管充填质量的影响因素。方法：随机提取我院1998年10月至2004年12月所完成的根管充填病例的X线片1000例，按试尖与未试尖，分别对前牙、前磨牙和磨牙根管充填质量进行分析。结果：在482例未试尖根管充填病例中，前牙、前磨牙和磨牙的适充比例分别为46％、37％和23％，欠充为20％、29％和47％。超充为34％、33％和29％：在518例试尖病例中，前牙、前磨牙和磨牙的适充比例分别为68％、62％和51％，欠充为6％、12％和13％，超充为25％、24％和36％。结论：在侧向加压法根管充填中，试尖可明显改善充填质量。     

结核分枝杆菌Ag85B/GST融合蛋白表达载体构建及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 构建结核分枝杆菌Ag85B／GSF融合蛋白表达质粒，并在大肠杆菌(E．coli)中诱导表达。方法 以质粒pUC18／Ag85B为模板，用PCR法扩增结核杆菌Ag85B基因，扩增的Ag85B上游含有EcoR Ⅰ酶切位点，下游含有SalⅠ酶切位点；将Ag85B基因定向插入质粒pGEX-4T-1中，构建原核表达质粒pGEX-Ag85B并转化E．coli B121，筛选阳性重组子，限制性内切酶切鉴定和DNA序列测定，异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达，SDS-PAGE和Westem blot鉴定结果。结果 成功构建原核表达质粒pGEX-Ag85B并表达出Mr约56000大小的Ag85B／GSY融合蛋白，表达量占总菌体的30％。结论 为进一步进行纯化Ag85B蛋白和研究其在膀胱肿瘤治疗中的作用奠定了基础。     

RAT-BITE FEVER IN KWEIYANG REPORT OF 2 CASES

Rat-bite fever, called "sodoku" meaning "rat-poison" (1) in Japan, is usually considered a rare and interesting disease contracted from the bite of an infected rat. In regions where careful investigations have been made, the causative organism, Spirillum minus, has been found in a high percentage of rats (2). It is primarily a disease of rats, transmissible to other rats, to cats, dogs (3) and other rodents (4) and to man by their bite. T!ie comparative rarity of the disease can be accounted for by the fact that, under ordinary circumstances, men are only exceptionally bitten by rats. The factor of great importanceis the degree of infesta- tion of rats in a given locality. Considering the prevalence of the offending organism among these rodents, rat-bite fever would probably develop in most instances following its bite. It is not surprising, therefore, that rat-bite fever has a wide distribution the world over     

连续切片加免疫组化染色法在乳腺癌微灶转移检测中的应用

目的：推荐一种检测恶性肿瘤微灶转移的方法。方法：应用连续切片的免疫组化法回顾研究50例乳腺癌的淋巴结微灶转移情况，将结果与常规病理切片法进行配对资料的卡方检验，并统计微灶转移率。结果：常规病理切片法的转移灶检出率为30％，连续切片的抗细胞角蛋白免疫组化法的转移灶检出率为50％，二者间差异有显著性。连续切片法发现的微灶转移率为28．5％。结论：对于肿瘤的微灶转移的发现，连续切片的的免疫组化法更有优势，它是一种敏感的检测微灶转移的方法。     

NGF对小脑皮质细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

目的　探讨神经生长因子 (NGF)对小脑皮质神经细胞凋亡的影响 ,为临床治疗小脑变性疾病提供新的措施。方法　以原代培养的新生SD乳鼠小脑皮质细胞建立谷氨酸诱导的神经细胞凋亡模型。为观察NGF对受损细胞的保护作用 ,应用MTT法测定细胞的存活率和细胞代谢情况 ;利用光学显微镜技术观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变。结果　Glu (5 0 0 μmol/L)作用 5min可诱导小脑神经细胞凋亡。MTT法计数结果显示 ,NGF高剂量治疗组细胞存活率显著高于模型组 (P <0 0 1) ,光学显微镜观察发现受损细胞的形态学变化也得到明显改善。结论　外源性NGF能够减轻大鼠小脑皮质神经细胞凋亡。     

脑梗死后早发性癫(癎)发作临床特点分析

目的:探讨脑梗死(CI)后早发性癫癎发作(EES)的临床特点。方法:对2643例确诊为CI患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究。结果:CI后EES的发生率为4.58%,女性高于男性(P<0.05);婴幼儿及未成年人高于成年人(P<0.01)和老年人(P<0.01);累及皮质的发生率高于未累及皮质的(P<0.01);EES作为CI首发症状者占49.59%,24h内出现者占76.03%,1周内出现者占94.21%,仅有5.79%在第2周出现;局灶性发作占65.29%,全面性发作占34.71%;给予AEDs治疗发作均可控制,伴有EES的患者病死率高于不伴有者(P<0.05)。结论:CI后EES较为常见,女性多于男性,未成年人的发生率高于成年人及老年人,与梗死部位有关,以局灶性发作为主,抗癫癎治疗有效,临床预后较差。