Research Progress on Emerging Viral Pathogens of Small Ruminants in China during the Last Decade

China is the country with the largest number of domestic small ruminants in the world. Recently, the intensive and large-scale sheep/goat raising industry has developed rapidly, especially in nonpastoral regions. Frequent trading, allocation, and transportation result in the introduction and prevalence of new pathogens. Several new viral pathogens (peste des petits ruminants virus, caprine parainfluenza virus type 3, border disease virus, enzootic nasal tumor virus, caprine herpesvirus 1, enterovirus) have been circulating and identified in China, which has attracted extensive attention from both farmers and researchers. During the last decade, studies examining the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and vaccines for these emerging viruses have been conducted. In this review, we focus on the latest findings and research progress related to these newly identified viral pathogens in China, discuss the current situation and problems, and propose research directions and prevention strategies for different diseases in the future. Our aim is to provide comprehensive and valuable information for the prevention and control of these emerging viruses and highlight the importance of surveillance of emerging or re-emerging viruses.     

毛德西教授治疗杂症验案撷华

毛德西教授临床医疗40余年,积累了丰富的辨证治疗疑难杂病的经验。笔者作为全国第三批名老中医学术继承人,在跟随毛德西教授学习期间,对其治疗杂症的临证辨治思路、遣方用药,有了较为深刻的认识和理解,谨收几例如下。1寒淋似热,温阳举陷收功李××,女,60岁,农民。2003年6月麦收后,患尿频、尿道热痛、小腹下坠感,在当地治疗无效,同年11月下旬来院就诊。开始以热淋论治,拟八正散合导赤散6剂,病情如故。疑其病重药轻,遂于上方加槐花、小蓟、瞿麦凉血通淋之品,3剂后病势不减。患者又转治于内、外科,诊为膀胱炎。尿检:蛋白( ),红细胞少许,白细胞(…     

静脉输注利多卡因在无痛结肠镜检查中的临床应用

目的 观察静脉输注利多卡因在无痛结肠镜检查中的临床效果,探讨其有效性和安全性.方法 选择在该院接受无痛结肠镜检查的患者90例,采用随机数字表法分为3组:舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(S组)、利多卡因复合丙泊酚组(L组)和单纯丙泊酚组(P组),每组30例.采用双盲法分别给予每组患者相应药物,持续监测并记录给药前(T0)、睫毛反射...     

单纯性肥胖症儿童血浆脂联素水平及脂代谢紊乱临床意义研究

目的 探讨儿童期合并单纯性肥胖症与血浆脂联素(adiponectin)的关系,分析脂肪代谢紊乱相关因素.方法 选择2008年12月至2009年12月在本院保健科门诊就诊的单纯性肥胖症患儿105例纳入肥胖组.其中,男性为73例,女性为32例;年龄为6～13岁,平均为(8.99±1.94)岁;体重指数(body mass index,BMI)为(25.25±3.60)kg/m2.随机抽取同期在本院门诊体检的体重指数正常儿童50例纳入对照组.其中,男性为30例,女性为20例;年龄为6～13岁,平均为(8.78±1.66)岁;体重指数为(16.78±1.40)kg/m2(两组均排除遗传、代谢、内分泌等疾病)(本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,分组征得患儿监护人的知情同意,并签署临床研究知情同意书).采用ELISA法检测血浆脂联素水平.免疫比浊法测定血脂包括甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG),总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC);血脂蛋白包括载脂蛋白A(apolipoprotein A,ApoA),载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B,ApoB);血生化指标包括谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT),谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST),尿酸(uric acid,UA),血糖(blood sugar,BS).分析脂联素与体重指数、血脂及脂蛋白间的相关性.并行常规肝脏超声检查,明确非酒精性脂肪肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)发病率.结果 ①肥胖组儿童血浆脂联素水平低于对照组,两组比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.01).②肥胖组儿童甘油三酯、载脂蛋白B、谷草转氨酶、血糖水平升高与对照组比较,差异无显著意义 (P<0.05);肥胖组儿童血总胆固醇、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白、尿酸水平升高与对照组比较,差异有显著意义(P>0.05);③血浆脂联素与体重指数呈负相关(r=-0.33,P<0.01),与载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B、总胆固醇、甘油三酯亦呈负相关(r=-0.138,r=-0.06,r=-0.09,r=-0.12),但差异无显著意义(P>0.05).④肥胖组脂肪肝和非酒精性脂肪肝病检出率分别为20.21%(19/94)和9.57% (9/94),对照组均为0.00 (0/50).两组两种疾病检出率比较,差异有显著意义(P<0.05).结论 作为新型脂源性激素,血浆脂联素水平变化与儿童单纯性肥胖症发病相关,脂联素变化早于部分血脂成分改变.检测血浆脂联素,常规肝脏超声检查,有助于早期判断儿童单纯性肥胖症发展趋势,为儿童单纯性肥胖症、脂肪代谢紊乱的早期防治开拓新的思路.     

脊柱外科手术患者临床数据库系统应用体会

南京鼓楼医院脊柱外科于2002年建立并开始应用脊柱外科手术患者临床数据库系统.文章回顾总结脊柱外科手术患者临床数据库系统的应用体会,供参考.     

Effect of Cd on Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys under Different Multi-Stage Solution Heat Treatment

Multi-stage heat treatment is an important method to improve the mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg aluminum alloys. In this paper, the multi-stage heat treatment was carried out for the Cd-free and Cd-containing alloys. The experimental results show that the addition of Cd promoted the precipitation of Q″ and θ″, which led to the formation of a large number of fine, dispersed precipitates and a higher yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for the Cd-containing alloys. The addition of Cd also altered the optimal heat treatment parameters. For the Cd-free alloys, the Cu-rich phase fully dissolved after three-stage heat treatment, and the YS and UTS of the three-stage heat-treated alloys were higher than their two-stage heat-treated counterparts. For the Cd-containing alloys, the three-stage heat treatment led to the precipitation of Cd-rich low melting point phases, caused defects, and reduced the mechanical properties of the alloy. The size and volume fractions of the precipitates were significantly less than those of the alloys after two-stage heat treatment and the strength of the alloys decreased. Therefore, the solution time should be strictly controlled for Cd-containing Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys.     

Trends in Physical Fitness and Nutritional Status among School-Aged Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Shaanxi,China—A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of trends in physical fitness and nutritional status among school-aged students during the COVID-19 pandemic, which could help to develop targeted guidelines and policies for students (adolescents) to promote health during lockdowns resulting from public health emergencies. Methods: The physical fitness and nutritional status were measured from 2019 to 2021; the correlation between years and grade were analyzed. Results: a declining trend was found in aerobic fitness, strength fitness, speed fitness, and BMI during this lockdown. Conclusion: The changes in dietary behavior and the decrease in outdoor physical activities may be the reason for the decline. Furthermore, differences in subjects’ growth and limited space at home must be considered in the formulation of exercise and nutritional plans. According to the results of our study, exercise for aerobic fitness should receive more attention when students are enduring a pandemic lockdown. In addition, saying “no” to high-calorie foods in the form of snacking and ultra-processed food was the key to improving subjects’ nutritional status.     

Excellent Photonic and Mechanical Properties of Macromorphic Fibers Formed by Eu3+-Complex-Anchored,Unzipped, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

The macromorphic properties of carbon nanotubes perform poorly because of their size limitations: nanosize in diameters and microsize in length. In this work, to realize these dual purposes, we first used an electrochemical method to tear the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to anchor photonic Eu³⁺-complexes there. Through the polar reactive groups endowed by the tearing, the Eu³⁺-complexes coordinate at the defected structures, obtaining the Eu³⁺-complex-anchored, unzipped, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (E-uMWCNTs). The controllable surface-breaking retains the MWCNTs’ original, excellent mechanical properties. Then, to obtain the macromorphic structure with infinitely long fibers, a wet-spinning process was applied via the binding of a small quantity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Thus, the wet-spun fibers with high contents of E-uMWCNTs (E-uMWCNT-Fs) were produced, in which the E-uMWCNTs took 33.3 wt%, a high ratio in E-uMWCNT-Fs. On the other hand, due to the reinforcing effect of E-uMWCNTs, the highest tensile strength can reach 228.2 MPa for E-uMWCNT-Fs. Meanwhile, the E-uMWCNT-Fs show high-efficiency photoluminescence and excellent media resistance performance due to the embedding effect of PVA on the E-uMWCNTs. Therefore, E-uMWCNT-Fs can exhibit excellent luminescence properties in aqueous solutions at pH 4~12 and in some high-concentration metal-ion solutions. Those distinguished performances promise outstanding innovations of this work.     

右冠状动脉介入治疗的临床疗效及安全性观察

目的　观察右冠状动脉 (冠脉 )介入治疗 (PCI)的临床疗效及安全性。方法　回顾性分析 1995— 2 0 0 2年间进行的 188例 2 0 2处右冠脉靶血管介入治疗的特点。结果　 188例右冠脉病变共 2 0 2处右冠脉靶血管 ,靶血管介入成功率为 91 1%,其中 15 0例植入支架 174枚 ;PCI失败 18例 ,均发生在右冠脉近中段 ;室颤 2例 ,PCI后无复流现象 6例 ,早期急性冠脉闭塞 1例 ,冠脉破裂 3例 ,死亡 3例。随访 1～ 96月 ,绝大多数临床症状改善。结论　右冠脉病变的PCI是一项成功率高、并发症少、近远期临床疗效俱佳的治疗手段。