Comparison of monochromatic ocular aberrations measured with an objective cross-cylinder aberroscope and a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer.

Repeated measures of wavefront aberrations were taken along the line-of-sight of seven eyes using two instruments: an objective, cross-cylinder aberroscope (OA) and a Shack-Hartmann (SH) aberrometer. Both instruments were implemented on the same optical table to facilitate interleaved measurements on the same eyes under similar experimental conditions. Variability of repeated measures of individual coefficients tended to be much greater for OA data than for SH data. Although Zernike coefficients obtained from a single measurement were generally larger when measured with the OA than with the SH, the averages across five trials were often smaller for the OA. The Zernike coefficients obtained from the two instruments were not significantly correlated. Radial modulation-transfer functions and point-spread functions derived from the two sets of measurements were similar for some subjects, but not all. When average Zernike coefficients were used to determine optical quality, the OA indicated superior optics in some eyes, but the reverse trend was true if Zernike coefficients from individual trials were used. Possible reasons for discrepancies between the OA and SH measurements include difference in sampling density, quality of data images, alignment errors, and temporal fluctuations. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the SH aberrometer discriminated between subjects much better than did the objective aberroscope.     

江油市粮食中霉菌污染调查

对江油市胡豆，黄豆，玉米，大米，麦子，碗豆共３７５件样品进行霉菌污染调查。调查表明：粮食中霉菌平均侵染率８７．８％，其中黄豆，碗豆污染较轻，其侵浸率明显低于小麦，大米，胡豆。胡豆，碗豆，黄豆以曲霉菌属为主；小麦以交链孢霉为主，大米以青霉菌属为主；玉米以预     

人工心脏起搏器的植换

探讨人工心脏起搏器植换方式选择。方法：起搏器植换２２例，其中，能源耗竭１４例，感知和起搏功能障碍４例，囊袋感染破溃致ＰＭ外露４例。非感染者起搏阈值，〈２．５Ｖ，行原位植换：ＰＴ值〉３．０Ｖ或有感染者，更换全套起搏系统。结果：非感染的１８例中，１０例ＰＴ〈２．５Ｖ，实行原位植换；８例ＰＴ值〉３．０Ｖ和其余４例有感染者，植入新的起搏系统。     

大,巨型垂体腺瘤的手术入路选择

自１９９０年以来收治直径在２－５．６ｃｍ的大、巨型垂体腺瘤３３例。依肿瘤生长形态与扩展范围将其简略分为三种类型。Ａ型：瘤体位于鞍内或侵入蝶窦；Ｂ型；瘤体呈椭圆形或哑铃向鞍上扩展，三脑室明显移位抬高；Ｃ型：瘤体巨大侵入三脑室阻塞室间孔或明显的鞍周扩展。     

医院配电室和特种设备的安全管理

本文主要探讨对医院配电室和特种设备的安全管理，消除安全隐患，间接地为医院创造效益。     

寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤的早期处理

目的　探讨寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤伤情特点与早期救治方法。方法　对 1991年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 12月间 40例火器伤病人的临床救治进行回顾分析。结果　 2 4例枪伤中 ,2 0例一期缝合伤口 ,均一期愈合 ,另外 4例只清创未一期缝合的伤口 ,3例愈合 ,1例感染 ;4例骨折内固定均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。 16例炸伤病人局部软组织损伤及污染比枪弹伤重 ,14例一期缝合伤口中 ,10例一期愈合 ,4例感染 ,骨折内固定 2例 ,均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。结论　寒冷干燥地区火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当延长 ,在平时火器伤的救治中 ,对软组织条件较好的创面 ,早期清创后可一期闭合伤口和骨折内固定 ,这样可减少感染和伤残 ,促进康复     

消炎痛对hCG诱发家兔排卵抑制的形态学研究

应用非甾体抗炎药消炎痛(20mg/kg)抑制hCG 诱发的家兔排卵,注射后的6、9、12、72小时剖腹观察排卵数,并取材进行透射电镜观察和酶组织化学观察。甾体激素合成酶类的组织化学和颗粒细胞内某些细胞器的电镜立体定量学测定结果表明:消炎痛抑制了排卵,却不影响颗粒细胞向黄体细胞的转变。透射电镜观察表明:在排卵前,实验组和对照组最明显的不同是:实验组的外膜和白膜很少见到胶原溶解现象,且表面上皮细胞内含的致密小体不释放其内容物。结果提示:消炎痛主要作用于排卵前卵泡顶部的成纤维细胞和表面上皮细胞,这可能与其抑制了某些与排卵有关的酶的释放有关。     

The role of pioneer neurons in the development of mouse visual cortex and corpus callosum

The primordial plexiform neuropil is very critical to neocortical development. The pioneer neurons, mainly Cajal-Retzius cells in the marginal zone, and subplate neurons in the subplate, differentiate from the primordial plexiform neuropil. In this study, the development of corpus callosum, visual cortex, and subcortical pathways has been observed in C57BL/6 mice with various methods, such as DiI labeling in vitro and in vivo, DiI and DiA in vitro double labeling, immunocytochemistry, and in vivo BrdU and Fast Blue labeling. As early as E14, the primordial plexiform neuropil can be found in the telencephalic wall, and it contains many pioneer neurons. On E15 the primordial plexiform neuropil differentiates into the marginal zone and the subplate. Cajal-Retzius cells exist in the marginal zone, and subplate neurons are in the subplate. Either Cajal-Retzius cells or subplate neurons have long projections toward the ganglionic eminence, suggesting that they migrate tangentially from the ganglionic eminence. Cajal-Retzius cells are involved in radial migration, and subplate neurons participate to guide pathfinding of subcortical pathways. This study reveals how the pioneer neurons, through radial and tangential migration, play an important role in neocortical formation and in the pathfinding of the corpus callosum and subcortical pathways. Furthermore, DiI labeling in vivo has demonstrated the presence of pioneer neurons all along the corpus callosum pathway, especially in the midline. This suggests that pioneer neurons may also play a role in guiding the pathfinding of the corpus callosum. Accepted: 31 July 2001     

Preparation and characterization of porous beta-tricalcium phosphate/collagen composites with an integrated structure

Porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/collagen composites with different beta-TCP/collagen weight ratio were prepared. The influences of the preparation conditions on the microstructure of porous composite and the joint status of beta-TCP particles with collagen fibrils were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed: (1) an acid treatment could effectively disassemble collagen fibrils; (2) in the resulting porous composites, beta-TCP particles homogenously existed on the skeleton of the collagen fibril network and bonded tightly to both the fibrils and themselves. The tight bonding formation could be due to the reaction between Ca ions in the particles and carboxyl groups in collagen polypeptide chains and due to the reprecipitation of partially dissolved beta-TCP during synthesis. The tight bonding between beta-TCP particles and collagen fibrils in the composites demonstrated an integrated structure, which was reproducible when beta-TCP/collagen ratio ranged from 2 to 4. Such integrated structure would make significant contributions in reliably tailoring properties of the porous composites by varying beta-TCP content. In addition, the porous composites had large porosity (approximately 95%) and appropriate pore size (approximately 100 microm), showed no negative impact in cytotoxicity assay and complete bone tissue regeneration after 12 weeks in animal test.     

Anticocaine catalytic antibodies

Cocaine mediates its reinforcing and toxic actions through a "loss of function" effect at multiple receptors. The difficulties inherent in blocking a pleiotropic blocker pose a great obstacle for the classical receptor-antagonist approach and have contributed to the failure (to date) to devise specific treatments for cocaine overdose and addiction. As an alternative, we have embarked on an investigation of catalytic antibodies, a programmable class of artificial enzyme, as "peripheral blockers" -- agents designed to bind and degrade cocaine in the circulation before it partitions into the central nervous system to exert reinforcing or toxic effects. We synthesized transition-state analogs of cocaine's hydrolysis at its benzoyl ester, immunized mice, prepared hybridomas and developed the first anticocaine catalytic antibodies with the capacity to degrade cocaine to nonreinforcing, nontoxic products. We subsequently identified several families of anticocaine catalytic antibodies and found that the most potent antibody possessed sufficient activity to block cocaine-induced reinforcement, organ dysfunction and sudden death in rodent models of addiction, toxicity and overdose, respectively. With the potential to promote cessation of use, prolong abstinence and provide a treatment for acute overdose, the artificial enzyme approach comprehensively responds to the problem of cocaine.